現今台灣的單親家庭與日俱增，隨著離婚的家庭持續增加，單親家庭的孩子相對也比以前來的多，因此父母離婚對孩子未來的發展和影響是一個需要被關注的議題。本文採用「台灣青少年計畫」(Taiwan Youth Project，TYP) 國一樣本 (J1) 第一波到第九波和國三樣本 (J3) 第一波到第七波的資料，旨在探討父母婚姻狀態與其子女教育成就之關係。本文將教育成就分為國小成績部分、國三成績部分、升高中結果以及升大學結果，將父母婚姻狀態區分為父母沒有離婚、父母已離婚或分居、父或母一方已過世，並分成三個階段，1-12歲、1-15歲、1-18歲，檢視各階段父母婚姻狀態與子女教育成就之關聯性。實證結果發現，父母已離婚或分居與其子女在學業成績表現方面呈現顯著負面影響。在升學方面，父母已離婚或分居者國中會繼續升學以及高中會繼續升學的比例比父母沒有離婚者低。父或母一方過世者在成績以及升學部分皆與父母沒有離婚者無顯著差異。

The number of single-parent families is increasing in Contemporary Taiwan Society.Thus, it is worth to continue to pay attention on the influence of parental divorces on the their children future development. Using the data of Taiwan Youth Project (TYP) the essay examines the relationship between parents’ marital status and their children's educational achievement. The educational achievement includes academic performance during elementary and junior high schools and entering the next grade school. The parental marital status is classified into intact marital status (intact family), non-intact marital status because of divorce or separation (parental divorce), and non-intact marital status because of death (parental death). The essay studies the relationships between parental marital status when individuals' age between 1 and 12, between 1 and 15, and between 1 and 18 and their educational achievement, respectively. The results show that for individuals who grew up in non-intact family due to parental divorce their academic performance is less well than those who grew up in intact families. They also are less likely to enter the next grade school. In addition, the results indicate that there is no significant difference in academic performance and in entering the next grade between individuals who grew up in non-intact families due to parental death and individuals who grew up in intact families.

目錄
1.前言	1
2.文獻回顧	3
2.1影響教育成就的因素	3
2.2離婚對孩子未來發展的影響	4
3.資料	10
3.1資料來源、抽樣方式及變數定義	10
3.2變數敘述統計量	12
4.實證結果	19
4.1父母婚姻狀態對子女教育成就的影響(J1和J3合併)	19
4.2父母婚姻狀態對子女教育成就的影響--按J1樣本、J3樣本分	25
4.2.1父母婚姻狀態與子女教育成就--J3樣本的分析結果	25
4.2.2父母婚姻狀態與子女教育成就--J1樣本的分析結果	30
4.2.3比較J3樣本和J1樣本分析結果	35
5.結論	36
參考文獻	40

表目錄
表1：心理層面之相關文獻	46
表2：子女對於婚姻的態度層面之相關文獻	47
表3：學業層面之相關文獻	48
表4：家庭收入因素之相關文獻	50
表5：父母與小孩相處的時間因素之相關文獻	52
表6：父母之間衝突因素之相關文獻	53
表7：敘述統計 (被解釋變數)	54
表8：敘述統計 (解釋變數)	55
表9：父母婚姻狀態與子女各階段升學結果	56
表10：父母婚姻狀態與個人特質及家庭背景	57
表11：父母婚姻狀態對國小五、六年級成績的影響 (全部樣本)	58
表12：父母婚姻狀態對國三成績和課業跟得上的影響 (全部樣本)	59
表13：父母婚姻狀態對升高中、升大學的影響 (全部樣本)	60
表14：父母婚姻狀態對國小五、六年級成績的影響 (J3樣本)	61
表15：父母婚姻狀態對國三成績和課業跟得上的影響 (J3樣本)	62
表16：父母婚姻狀態對升高中、升大學的影響 (J3樣本)	63
表17：父母婚姻狀態對國小五、六年級成績的影響 (J1樣本)	64
表18：父母婚姻狀態對國三成績和課業跟得上的影響 (J1樣本)	65
表19：父母婚姻狀態對升高中、升大學的影響 (J1樣本)	66

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