改善數位落差為全球政府持續投入的任務，自2002年以來，臺灣政府在改善資訊及通訊基礎設施相關預算投入超過2500億新臺幣。2023年臺灣地區家戶上網率為87.6 %，接近國際經濟合作發展組織(OECD)轄下各國家戶上網率平均值87.5%。台灣和許多先進國家正面臨投入大量經費，發展高速寬頻網路建設以提升網路覆蓋率的目標，卻不見得能提升高速寬頻網路使用率，造成不能夠使用的落差變大的疑慮。本研究依據條件評估法(Contingent Valuation Method CVM)推估居住當地使用高速寬頻網路居民期望付費金額(Willingness to Pay)，係採用雙界二分選擇法(Double-bounded dichotomous choice method)進行問題設計。透過在新北市北海岸地區進行高速寬頻網路使用者付費意願調查，分析城市與鄉村地區的居民是否存在使用意願的落差。結果顯示，鄉村地區居民對於高速寬頻網路的期望付費金額在統計上為顯著負相關，說明鄉村地區居民對於高速寬頻網路的付費意願低於城市地區居民，與另外一份針對加拿大居民所進行的研究結果相反。進一步依據各種不同下載速度進行超額期望付費分析，不分居住地區的居民對於越高速度的寬頻網路具有平均超額期望付費金額為負值且持續加大的現象。這反應出目前發展超高速寬頻建設只能符合少數人的上網需求，應該兼顧消費者付費意願推動高速寬頻網路建設。研究建議，需要考量使用者意願建立高速寬頻網路建設財務可行性評估機制；在全國單一價格的電信監理制度下，需要考慮如何調合城市與鄉村居民資費感受不平等的現象。

The digital divide is being improved by governments around the world. Since 2002, the Taiwan government has invested more than 250 billion NTD in improving information and communications infrastructure. Taiwan's access rate for households in 2023 will be in line with the OECD average of 87.5%, with an access rate of 87.6%. Taiwan and many advanced countries are investing heavily in the development of high-speed broadband network construction to increase network coverage goals, but do not have the ability to increase the use of high-speed broadband network, resulting in the unavailable decline. The CVM method is employed to estimate the willingness to pay among residents living on high-speed broadband networks by using the Double-bounded dichotomous choice method for questionnaire design, as part of this study. Through a survey on user willingness to pay for high-speed broadband networks in the North Coast area of New Taipei City, the differences between urban and rural residents' willingness to use are analyzed. The results show that the amount of payment expected by rural residents for high-speed broadband networks is statistically significant negative, indicating that rural residents are less willing to pay for high-speed broadband networks than urban residents, contrary to another study conducted for Canadian residents. Further analysis of over-expected payment analysis based on various download speeds shows that the average over-expected payment amount for higher-speed broadband networks is negative and continues to increase, regardless of the area of residence. This reflects that the development of ultra-fast broadband construction can only meet the Internet needs of a few people. It should consider the consumer's willingness to pay to promote the construction of high-speed broadband networks. A financial feasibility assessment mechanism for high-speed broadband network construction should be considered and the national single-price telecommunication surveillance system requires consideration of how to reconcile the unequal price perception between urban and rural residents, as suggested by the study.

摘要	I
Abstract	II
目錄	III
圖目錄	V
表目錄	VI
第１章 緒論	1
第１節 研究背景與動機	1
第２節 研究目的	10
第３節 研究流程	12
第４節 研究範疇	14
第２章 文獻探討與假設	16
第１節 鄉村地區發展政策	18
第２節 電信普及服務政策與措施	22
第３節 數位落差(Digital Divide)定義與寬頻建設效益	26
第４節 台灣數位落差與寬頻網路建設發展	33
第５節 消費者寬頻使用行為與付費意願調查	41
第６節 研究假設	46
第３章 研究方法	48
第１節 問卷設計與實施	48
第２節 雙界二分選擇法付費意願問題設計	58
第３節 模型設計	62
第４章 研究結果	66
第１節 高速寬頻網路期望付費分析	66
第２節 高速寬頻網路產品別超額期望付費	70
第３節 高速寬頻網路光纖技術別超額期望付費	76
第５章 結論與建議	83
參考文獻	88
(一)英文文獻	88
(二)中文文獻	94
圖目錄

圖 １ 1台灣IMD 全球數位競爭力排名	6
圖 １ 2台灣家戶網路使用率	7
圖 １ 3台灣電信產業產值	8
圖 １ 4研究流程	12
圖 ２ 1組織數位落差的概念研究架構	27
圖 ３ 1推估經濟價值相關方法	49
圖 ３ 2或有評估法 (CVM)問卷調查問題設計型態	49
圖 ３ 3依據下載速度區分高速寬頻網路抽樣樣本分布	57
圖 ３ 4依據上傳速度區分高速寬頻網路抽樣樣本分布	57
圖 ４ 1迴歸標準化殘差直方圖	68
圖 ４ 2迴歸標準化殘差常態P-P圖	68
圖 ４ 3高速寬頻上網(依合約下載速度)平均超額付費金額趨勢圖	71
圖 ４ 4高速寬頻上網(依技術別)平均超額付費金額趨勢圖	77

表目錄

表 ３ 1電信寬頻服務期望付費研究	48
表 ３ 2電信寬頻服務研究產品屬性整理	50
表 ３ 3電信寬頻服務研究個人屬性整理	51
表 ３ 4新北市相鄰生活圈列表	53
表 ３ 5研究調查樣本抽樣	55
表 ３ 6營運商高速寬頻網路資費方案比較	56
表 ３ 7寬頻合約與第一次提問價格選項對應表	60
表 ３ 8寬頻合約與第二次提問價格選項對應表	61
表 ３ 9北海岸地區各行政區基本資料	62
表 ３ 10敘述統計	65
表 ３ 11城鄉地區虛擬變數分布比率	65
表 ４ 1高速寬頻網路月租費期望付費金額迴歸分析	66
表 ４ 2殘差統計量	67
表 ４ 3依據下載速度之平均超額付費意願	70
表 ４ 4每單位下載速度期望付費金額迴歸分析	73
表 ４ 5每單位上傳速度期望付費金額迴歸分析	74
表 ４ 6依據寬頻技術別之平均超額付費金額	76
表 ４ 7每單位下載速度期望付費金額迴歸分析(一般高速寬頻)	78
表 ４ 8每單位下載速度期望付費金額迴歸分析(光纖高速寬頻)	79
表 ４ 9每單位上傳速度期望付費金額迴歸分析(一般高速寬頻)	80
表 ４ 10每單位上傳速度期望付費金額迴歸分析(光纖高速寬頻)	81
表 ４ 11合約下載與上傳速度與每單位下載期望付費金額迴歸分析結果	82
表 ４ 12合約下載與上傳速度與每單位上傳期望付費金額迴歸分析結果	82

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