隨著科技發展的進步，許多產品的生產成本降低、產品生產速度快速，廠商為了獲得高獲取利潤，進而生產過多的商品將造成了不必要的浪費。政府為了因應此問題的產生，開始推行政策促進綠色供應鏈發展，並對於製造商、回收商、再製商做了一連串的因應措施。政府制定相關政策時，大多僅對再製品回收物流部分做一連串的補貼措施，往往忽略掉整體產品市場所造成的影響。本研究探討政府在不同競爭市場下，對參與綠色供應鏈成員的最適補貼政策。
    從廠商及政府兩方角度出發，目標廠商能獲得最大利潤，亦可達到最大社會福利目的。政府在進行補貼下，因應不同的市場狀況、補貼分配比例，做不同的補貼政策。研究模型為兩階段的賽局模型，在兩家產出相同的廠商、價格競爭下，考慮政府與廠商決策互動的情況，根據不同的賽局理論找出政府之最適補貼政策，以供政府日後對相關補貼策略參考。除了以廠商及政府角度考量整體供應鏈運作，亦將市場需求、新產品及再製品評價因素加入，透過分析觀察這些因素對於綠色供應鏈整體利潤、社會福利、產品需求所產生的影響。
    研究顯示，政府進行補貼政策除了須考量補貼金額之外，消費者與廠商之間分配比例對整體綠色供應鏈更為重要。兩廠商進行市場競爭下，亦有可能單一生產新產品亦或再製品已達到自身利潤最大化情況。政府必須觀察市場是否因兩廠商之間勾結，而造成產品社會福利因此減少，必要之時需介入控制市場。

As the advances in technological development, many products’ costs could be reduced and the production speed is fast. Manufacturers producing too many goods in order to obtain high profit, but the result is unnecessary waste. To solve this problem, governments start the implementation of policies to promote the development of green supply chain, and make a series of measures to manufacturers, recyclers, and reproduction. Government to develop policy, to emphasize a series of subsidies in recycling logistics, often ignore the impact of the overall product market. In this study, confering the optimal subsidy policy to green supply chain members on competitive market.
The view of this study is starting from both sides of the manufacturers and the government point, and the goal is manufacturers gets maximize profits, ans achieve maximum social welfare purposes. government conducts different subsidy policies in response to different market conditions, and proportion of the distribution of subsidies. Research model for a two-stage game model, the two manufacturers have the same outputs , consider the situation of the government and party decision-making interaction in price competition. Depending on the game theory to find the optimal subsidy policy of the government for future reference the relevant subsidy policy. In addition to overall supply chain operations, will add market demand, new product and product evaluation factors, analyzing the impact of these factors that is the green supply chain profit, social welfare, product demand with the manufacturers and government's consideration.
This study shows that the government subsidy policy except consider the amount of subsidies, the distribution ratio between the consumer and the manufacturer is more important to the overall green supply chain. The two firms in market competition may also be a single production of new products or re-products that reaching its own profit-maximizing situation. The government must observe the market between the two firms colluded to cause the social welfare thus reducing. Necessary to intervene and control the market.

目　錄
頁次
目錄	I
圖目錄	IV
第一章　緒論	1
1.1　研究背景與動機	1
   1.2　研究目的.	3
   1.3　研究架構.	3
   1.4　論文架構	4
第二章　文獻探討	6
2.1 綠色供應鏈相關研究	6
2.2 綠色供應鏈模型相關研究	8
2.2.1 決策模型	8
2.2.2 生產模型	10
2.3 賽局模型參與供應鏈相關研究	11
2.4 小結	12
第三章　模型建構與求解	14
3.1　政府涉入綠色供應鏈之流程	14
3.2　模型假設與分析架構	15
3.2.1　產業特質之假設	16
3.2.2　市場特性之假設	16
3.2.3  參數特性	16
3.2.4　廠商特性	17
3.2.5  廠商生產特性之假設	17
3.2.6  分析架構	18
3.3　政府涉入綠色供應鏈之最適補貼政策模型	19
3.3.1　符號定義	19
3.3.2　需求模型	21
3.3.3　廠商利潤函數	27
3.3.4　社會福利函數	29
3.4　模型求解	31
3.4.1　變數轉換	31
3.4.2　Cournot模型求解	32
3.4.3　Stackelberg模型求解	35
3.5　小結	36
第四章　敏感度分析	37
4.1　相關數值設定	37
4.2　數值分析	37
4.2.1　兩廠商替代關係(α)的影響	38
4.2.2　政府補貼分配比率(x)與補貼金額(G)	45
4.2.3　補貼金額(G)與消費者購買再製品誘因	53
4.3　小結	55
第五章　結論與建議	58
5.1　研究結論與建議	58
5.2　研究貢獻	60
5.3　研究限制	62
5.4　未來研究方向	62
參考文獻	64
附錄1 Cournot模型最佳解	68
附錄2 Stackelberg模型最佳解	70









圖　目　錄
頁次
圖1.1　研究架構圖	4
圖1.2　論文流程圖	5
圖2.1　綠色供應鏈基本架構圖	7
圖2.2　閉環供應鏈架構圖	9
圖2.3　綜合物流加入綠色供應鏈概念圖	10
圖3.1　政府涉入綠色供應鏈之系統假設流程圖	15
圖3.2　 Cournot研究分析圖	18
圖3.3　 Stackelberg研究分析圖	19
圖3.4　新產品與再製品評價關係示意圖	23
圖3.5　新產品-兩家廠商之間的關係示意圖	23
圖3.6　再製品-兩家廠商之間的關係示意圖	24
圖3.7　一般消費市場評價關係示意圖	24
圖3.8　綠色消費市場評價關係示意圖	26
圖3.9　研究模型求解方法	31
圖3.10  Cournot賽局求解流程	34
圖3.11　Stackelberg賽局求解流程	36
圖4.1　兩賽局模型與新產品需求關係圖	38
圖4.2　兩賽局模型與再製品需求關係圖	39
圖4.3　兩賽局模型與產品總需求關係圖	39
圖4.4　兩賽局模型與整體綠色供應鏈利潤關係圖	41
圖4.5　綠色市場比率及兩廠商評價關係圖─Cournot模型	41
圖4.6　綠色市場比率及兩廠商評價關係圖─Stackelberg模型	42
圖4.7　不同競爭模型與社會福利關係圖	43
圖4.8　不同競爭模型與再製品消費者剩餘關係圖	43
圖4.9　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0)	45
圖4.10　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.1)	46
圖4.11　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.2)	46
圖4.12　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.3)	47
圖4.13　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.4)	47
圖4.14　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.5)	48
圖4.15　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.6)	48
圖4.16　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.7)	49
圖4.17　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.8)	49
圖4.18　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=0.9)	50
圖4.19　政府補貼與補貼分配比率關係圖(x=1)	50
圖4.20　不同補貼分配比率下與社會福利關係圖	52
圖4.21　補貼金額與再製品需求關係圖(θ=0.2)	53
圖4.22　補貼金額與社會福利關係圖(θ=0.2)	54

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