本研究針對隅角開放型青光眼的生成與發病機制建立出完整的數值模型以進行模擬及力學分析探討。隅角開放型青光眼因小樑網的病變導致房水排出受阻，使眼球前端眼壓上升在後房產生壓力堆積，後壓力經由傳遞壓迫到視神經產生視野缺損。
本研究使用有限元素法軟體ANSYS進行模擬，其分析結果可了解眼球內部之應力分佈情況，得知應力最大集中在鞏膜後端與視神經盤處。
本研究也對不同人種及狀況的患者進行探討，針對白種人、亞洲人、非洲人視神經盤的特性差異建立出相應之模型進行模擬分析，發現相同眼壓及楊氏係數下非洲人所受應力壓迫最大，次之為亞洲人，最小為白種人，本研究也對不同人種在不同楊氏係數及不同眼壓下之眼球內部受力情形做模擬及分析探討。
本研究對隅角開放型青光眼之分析結果，可令患者更加了解自身病情，也提供給往後相關研究一個具有參考價值的模擬數據。

In this study, the generation and pathogenesis of open-angle glaucoma is researched, and complete numerical model for simulation and mechanical analysis and discussion is established. In open-angle glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork forms lesions, causing the aqueous discharge to be blocked. The anterior chamber of the eye therefore experiences a rise in intraocular pressure in the posterior chamber, producing visual field defects due to the increased pressure on the optic disc.
Using the finite element method simulation software ANSYS, the stress distribution inside the eyeball was found, with the stress occurring in the largest concentrations in the sclera and the optic disc at the rear of the eye.
Variations in ethnicities of patients are investigated, specifically, the characteristic differences in the optic disc between those of Caucasian, Asian, and African descent, for the establishment of an appropriate model for simulation and analysis. It was found that, at a constant intraocular pressure and the Young's modulus, those of African descent experienced the highest stress values, followed by Asians, with Caucasians experiencing the least of the three. This study also researches different races in conjunction with variations in the Young's modulus and intraocular pressure under different circumstances. Internal force simulation and analyses were also discussed.
The results of this study will allow patients to become more aware of their condition, and also provides valuable simulation data that can be referenced for related research.

目錄
第一章	緒論	1
1-1	前言	1
1-2	研究背景	3
1-3	文獻回顧	7
第二章	研究方法	14
2-1	有限元素法概論	15
2-2	應用軟體	16
2-3	研究過程	18
第三章	分析理論	20
3-1	連續性方程式(CONTINUITY EQUATION)	22
3-2	動量方程式(MOMENTUM EQUATION)	22
3-3	可壓縮能量方程式(COMPRESSIBLE ENERGY EQUATION)	23
3-4	壓力(PRESSURE)	24
3-5	收斂檢測	25
第四章	分析元素、材料參數與邊界條件設定	26
4-1	定義分析元素	26
4-2	設定材料參數	28
4-3	眼球實體模型建立	31
4-4	初始條件設定	36
4-5	負載條件設定	37
第五章	數值模型分析結果	39
5-1	結果分析	39
5-1-1.流體分析結果-眼球前後房流體模擬分析	39
5-1-2.結構體分析結果	43
5-2	分析結果驗證	45
5-3	結果討論	51
5-3-1 白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之視神經盤結構差異比較探討	52
5-3-2 白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之不同眼壓下比較探討	57
5-3-3 白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之不同材料參數下比較探討	66
第六章	結論與未來展望	74
6-1	結論	74
6-2	未來展望	76
參考文獻		77

圖目錄
圖1-1青光眼視野缺損過程	2
圖1 2房水流動示意圖[7]	4
圖1-3原發性隅角開放型青光眼示意圖[10]	5
圖2-1 ANSYS分析作業流程圖	17
圖2 2研究過程與流程圖	19
圖4-1 FLUID142元素圖[45]	26
圖4-2 SOLID45元素圖[45]	27
圖4-3 眼球前後房模型圖	32
圖4-4眼球前後房網格圖	32
圖4-5本研究之眼球模型剖面圖	34
圖4-6完整眼球之3D模型圖	34
圖4-7完整眼球模型之3D網格圖	35
圖4-8房水流場設定圖	36
圖4-9眼球結構示意圖[54]	38
圖4-10邊界條件設定示意圖	38
圖5-1眼球前後房壓力分佈圖	40
圖5-2眼球前後房流場分佈圖	40
圖5-3眼球前後房流線分佈圖	41
圖5-4隅角開放型青光眼前後房壓力分佈圖	42
圖5-5隅角開放型青光眼之應力分佈圖	44
圖5-6隅角開放型青光眼之應變分佈圖	44
圖5-7正常眼壓之前後房應力分佈圖	47
圖5-8正常眼壓之結構體應力分佈圖	47
圖5-9隅角開放型青光眼之前後房壓力分佈圖	48
圖5-10隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[21]比較之結構體應力分佈圖	48
圖5-11隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[27]視神經盤應力分佈比較圖	50
圖5-12為白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之眼球結構體應力分佈圖	53
圖5-13為白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之視神經盤處局部放大應力分佈圖	54
圖5-14為白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之眼球結構體應變分佈圖	55
圖5-15白種人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應力分佈圖	59
圖5-16亞洲人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應力分佈圖	60
圖5-17非洲人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應力分佈圖	61
圖5-18白種人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應變分佈圖	62
圖5-19亞洲人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應變分佈圖	63
圖5-20非洲人之不同眼壓與相同材料參數應變分佈圖	64
圖5-21白種人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應力分佈圖…………67
圖5-22亞洲人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應力分佈圖………....68
圖5-23非洲人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應力分佈圖...……….69
圖5-24白種人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應變分佈圖..………..70
圖5-25亞洲人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應變分佈圖..………..71
圖5-26非洲人之少年、中年、老年眼壓為40mmHg時應變分佈圖..………..72




 
表目錄
表4-1房水材料參數表	28
表4-2 水晶體及玻璃體材料參數表	29
表4-3眼球組織之材料參數表	30
表5-1隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[21]之尺寸對照表	46
表5-2隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[21]之楊氏係數對照表	46
表5-3隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[21]之結果倍數比較表	46
表5-4隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[27]之尺寸對照表	50
表5-5隅角開放型青光眼與文獻[27]之楊氏係數對照表	50
表5-6白種人、亞洲人、非洲人之視神經盤尺寸表	52
表5-7不同人種之眼壓與相同楊氏係數數據表	58
表5-8少年、中年、老年之不同楊氏係數數據表	66

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