系統識別號 | U0002-2007201511511900 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2015.00561 |
論文名稱(中文) | 心理位移日記書寫對大學生心理彈性效果之研究 |
論文名稱(英文) | The study of psychological displacement writing paradigm on the effect of university students' psychological flexibility |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 教育心理與諮商研究所碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Graduate Institute of Educational Psychology and Counseling |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 103 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 104 |
研究生(中文) | 涂耀丰 |
研究生(英文) | Yao-Fong Tu |
學號 | 600690316 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2015-06-22 |
論文頁數 | 167頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
郭瓈灔
委員 - 金樹人 委員 - 黃金蘭 |
關鍵字(中) |
心理彈性 心理位移日記書寫 字詞分析 |
關鍵字(英) |
psychological flexibility psychological displacement writing paradigm LIWC |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
本研究旨在探討心理位移日記書寫如何影響大學生心理彈性、心理位移日記書寫對心理彈性的影響如何展現在字詞使用上,及心理彈性相關字詞使用與心理彈性的相關性為何。資料來源為45位一般大專院校大學生在六周心理位移日記書寫或一般日記書寫前後,收集心理彈性量表AAQ-Ⅱ分數、心理彈性自評分數、書寫文本及焦點訪談資料。結果發現分述如下: 一、AAQ-Ⅱ量表分析結果發現心理位移日記書寫可促進大學生之心理彈性,日記 書寫後的心理彈性自評主要在經驗接觸、價值清晰、脈絡自我等面向上有顯 著差異。 二、心理位移日記書寫對心理彈性特性的影響,經過焦點團體訪談內容分析後結 果如下: (一)對經驗接觸的影響:「重複書寫,強迫停留」、「深陷固著,無法跳脫」 (二)對價值清晰的影響:「離開我執,擴展視框」、「反覆辦證,價值釐清」、 「情緒淡化,理性分析」、「觀點繁眾,難以取捨」 (三)對脈絡自我的影響:「辯證釐清,擴展界定」、「界定寬廣,難以受益」 (四)對目標行動的影響:「價值未定,缺乏目標」、「僵化自我,自我設限」、 「聚焦他人,行動受限」、「焦點轉移,自我調整」、「反覆思索,計劃浮現」 (五)對接納允許的影響:「個性歸因,難以調整」、「多元觀點,正向覺察」、 「情緒漸緩,安全保壘」 三、再經過不同日記書寫,並控制兩組日記書寫前測的差異後,兩組在心理彈性 量表AAQ-Ⅱ的後測差異未達顯著。 四、再經過不同日記書寫,並控制兩組日記書寫前測的差異後,兩組在心理彈性 自評後測差異,只有在經驗接觸上有顯著差異。 五、心理位移日記書寫組與對照組在心理彈性相關字詞的使用差異,主要展現在 與接納特性有關的負向情緒詞、悲傷詞及焦慮詞上。 六、心理位移日記書寫組中心理彈性量表AAQ-Ⅱ後測高分組的成員,在心理位 移日記書寫前後的心理彈性相關字詞使用差異,主要展現在正向情緒詞、暫 定詞上,兩種詞類分別對應心理彈性中接納及開放自我的部分。 七、心理彈性相關字詞中的悲傷詞、因果詞、頓悟詞及問號的使用與心理彈性有 顯著相關。 |
英文摘要 |
The research discusses about how psychological displacement writing paradigm affects university students’ psychological flexibility, how this type of writing reflects their psychological flexibility through word choosing. In the research, what the corrleation between the use of relevant words in psychological flexibility and the state of psychological flexibility is. The data was collected from 45 university students and the duration was about six weeks. The participants use both psychological displacement writing paradigm and regular dairy writing in the process. The analysis data includes the acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ-II), psychological flexibility self-rating scale, writing dairy and interview record. The results as follow: 1. The result of AAQ-II shows psychological displacement writing paradigm can help university students’ psychological flexibility. The difference has shown in few areas like connect with present moment, value, and self as context in their self-rating scale. 2. The influence of psychological displacement writing paradigm on their psychological flexibility has shown in the analysis of interview record. The results as follow: (1) The influence of connects with present moment: The participants repeatedly have to write the same topic, so they have to face their issues. For a long time, they keep having the same response to their issues but they cannot escape from reconnecting with the moment in the writing. (2) The influence of value: Once the participants step out from their self-center, it helps them to expend the view of themselves. Also, the repeating process of asking and answering questions tothemselves could help them to clarify their values. When they get emotional, it comforts them and assists them to become rational to see the causes. When they have too many thoughts in mind, they have hard time to make a decision. (3) The influence of self as context: During the process of dialectic, it brings them to see and to experiencethe different parts of themselves. People with broad-mindedabout themselves do not demonstrate any differences in this area. (4) The influence of committed action: The participants are lack of goals because they do not have their own values and it is difficult for them to make any decision. The limitation of the personalities could affect their committed actions as well. However, when they put the focus on themselves more than before, things change. They repeatedly think the same issue, so their plans will slowly become clearer. (5) The influence of acceptance: Due to the personalities, it is difficult to make changes. However, when they start to aware the negative experiences, they could find the positive meaning in those past experiences. Once their emotions are being accepted and cared, it makes them to feel secure. 3. After the different type of dairy writing and controlled two groups of diary writing process before and after, there is no significant difference in AAQ-II. 4. After the different type of dairy writing and controlled two groups of diary writing process before and after, there is difference in connect with present moment in their psychological flexibility self-rating scale. 5. The group of psychological displacement writing paradigm and the compared group has showed the difference in the area of acceptance like negative emotional words, sadness words and anxious words. 6. The participants who are in psychological displacement writing paradigmgroup get high scores in AAQ-II and they show the difference in the areas like positive emotional words and tentative words. These types of words have demonstrated the acceptance and self-openness in psychological flexibility. 7. The use of sadness words, causation words, insight words and question marks has a significant correlation with psychological flexibility |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
目 錄 目錄…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅵ 附表目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅷ 附圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………Ⅸ 第一章 緒論 第一節 研究動機…………………………………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的…………………………………………………………………5 第三節 研究問題…………………………………………………………………5 第四節 名詞界定…………………………………………………………………6 第二章 文獻探討 第一節 心理彈性之界定與相關研究……………………………………………7 第二節 心理位移日記書寫之概念與相關研究…………………………………15 第三節 字詞分析之概念與相關研究……………………………………………40 第三章 研究方法 第一節 研究架構…………………………………………………………………49 第二節 研究假設…………………………………………………………………52 第三節 研究參與者………………………………………………………………56 第四節 研究工具…………………………………………………………………58 第五節 研究程序…………………………………………………………………61 第六節 研究方法…………………………………………………………………64 第七節 研究倫理…………………………………………………………………67 第四章 研究結果與討論 第一節 不同日記書寫前後,大學生心理彈性之差異析………………………69 第二節 心理位移日記書寫前後,心理彈性相關字詞之差異分析……………111 第三節 心理位移日記書寫後,高心理彈性大學生心理彈性相關字詞使用 與心理彈性之相關分析…………………………………………………120 第五章 結論和建議 第一節 研究結論…………………………………………………………………127 第二節 研究貢獻…………………………………………………………………138 第三節 研究建議和限制…………………………………………………………140 參考文獻 一、中文文獻……………………………………………………………………144 二、英文文獻……………………………………………………………………148 附錄 附件一 中文版 LIWC 辭典…………………………………………………… 155 附件二 心理彈性量表AAQ-Ⅱ中文版 ……………………………………… 158 附件三 研究邀請函…………………………………………………………… 159 附件四 心理位移日記書寫研究參與同意書………………………………… 160 附件五 日記書寫研究參與同意書…………………………………………… 161 附件六 心理位移日記網頁操作說明書……………………………………… 162 附件七 日記書寫網頁操作說明書…………………………………………… 164 附件八 心理位移日記書寫組焦點訪談大綱………………………………… 165 附件九 一般日記書寫組焦點訪談大綱……………………………………… 167 附表目錄 表2-2-1 心理位移日記書寫相關研究一覽表……………………………………18 表2-2-2 「我」位格特性…………………………………………………………21 表2-2-3 「你」位格特性…………………………………………………………24 表2-2-4 「他」位格特性…………………………………………………………28 表2-2-5 「再回到我」位格特性…………………………………………………31 表2-3-1 心理彈性與對應之相關字詞對照表……………………………………48 表3-1-1 研究設計…………………………………………………………………50 表3-3-1 研究參與者背景之次數分配表…………………………………………57 表3-6-1 斷句實例…………………………………………………………………65 表3-6-2 編碼實例…………………………………………………………………66 表4-1-1心理位移日記書寫組AAQ-Ⅱ前後測差異之t考驗摘要表……………70 表4-1-2 心理位移日記書寫組心理彈性自評前後測差異之t考驗摘要表……71 表4-1-3對照組心理彈性量表AAQ-Ⅱ前後測差異之t考驗摘要表……………72 表4-1-4 對照組心理彈性自評前後測差異之t考驗摘要表……………………73 表4-1-5心理位移日記書寫組與對照組AAQ-Ⅱ前測、後測及調整後測分數摘 要表………………………………………………………………………74 表4-1-6心理位移日記書寫組與對照組AAQ-Ⅱ後測差異之共變數分析摘要 表…………………………………………………………………………75 表4-1-7心理位移日記書寫組與對照組自評前測、後測及調整後測分數摘要 表…………………………………………………………………………76 表4-1-8心理位移日記書寫組與對照組自評後測差異之共變數分析表………77 表4-1-9心理位移日記書寫組與對照組使用字詞百分比之差異分析摘要表…80 表4-2-1 心理位移日記書寫組書寫前後心理彈性相關字詞使用百分比差異 之t考驗摘要表…………………………………………………………114 表4-3-1心理位移日記書寫組字詞使用百分比與心理彈性量表AAQ-Ⅱ後測 之相關係數表……………………………………………………………122 附圖目錄 圖3-1-1 研究架構………………………………………………………………49 圖3-5-1 研究程序………………………………………………………………61 |
參考文獻 |
參考文獻 中文參考文獻 方雙虎、王維娜(譯)(2011)。接納與實現療法:理論與實務(原作者:A.Bach, J. Moran)。重慶:重慶大學。(原著出版年:2008) 王淑女(2010)。國中教師自我復原力、教師效能感與幸福感關係之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。 余宛芹(2011)。護理之家護理人員心理彈性力、專業承諾與工作倦怠、工作績效之相關研究-以彰化縣為例(未出版之碩士論文)。亞洲大學,台中。 李非(2014)。心理位移日記書寫情緒效應機制之話語分析研究。未出版之碩士論文(未出版之碩士論文),澳門大學,澳門。 李亭萱(2012)。愛情分手者接受心理位移書寫經驗與其對情傷復原之影響(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺南大學,台南。 李素芬(2009)。憂鬱症團體領導者心理位移之經驗及影響分析研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,台北。 李素芬(2011年11月)。諮商心理師心理位移經驗及對自我與諮商實務之影響分析研究。「2011年臺灣諮商心理學會年會暨學術研討會」發表之論文, 國立臺灣師範大學。 李素芬(2012年11月)。心理位移書寫的助益性研究。「2012年臺灣諮商心理學會年會暨學術研討會」發表之論文,政治大學公共行政及企業管理教育中心。 李素芬(2013年11月)。新手團體諮商師心理位移之影響分析研究。「2013年臺灣諮商心理學會年會暨學術研討會」發表之論文,國立台中教育大學。 李素芬、林麗惠、黃佩娟(2013年11月)。心理位移書寫經驗及運作內涵分析研究--以新手團體領導者書寫團體經驗為例。「2013年臺灣諮商心理學會年會暨學術研討會」發表之論文,國立台中教育大學。 李素芬、金樹人(2010年7月)。團體領導者心理位移之經驗及產生之自我督導功能與歷程研究。「第二屆海峽兩岸四地大專院校心理輔導與諮商高峰論壇暨2010年華人輔導與諮商學術研討會」發表之論文,國立彰化師範大學。 李靜婷(2015)。罕見疾病照顧者相依關係、心理彈性與心理健康之相關研究(未出版之碩士論文)。淡江大學,台北。 金樹人(2005)。 心理位移辯證效果之敘事分析:行政院國家科學委員會專題研究成果報告(編號:NSC93-2413-H-003-001),未出版。 金樹人(2010)。心理位移之結構特性及其辯證現象之分析:自我多重面向的敘寫與敘說。中華輔導與諮商學報, 28,頁 187-229。 金樹人(2011)。心理位移研究的趣與味:自性化過程的實踐。輔導季刊,47(2),頁 1-6。 柯文哲(2014)。市長的話【臺北電子報】(第787期)。取自:http://epaper.taipei.gov.tw/public/epaperHTML/511411264971/index.htm 施建彬(2004)。 大學新生心理健康及其相關因素探討。大葉學報,13(2),頁 109-117。 徐巧玲(2006)。識得情緒真面目,只緣心理來位移--「我、你、他」日記對國中生提升情緒智力短期及長期改變之現象分析(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,台北。 翁逸馨(2014)。心理位移書寫對伴侶關係之影響研究(未出版之碩士論文)。中國文化大學,台北。 張仁和(2013)。正念與心理彈性(未出版之博士論文)。臺灣大學,台北。 張仁和、黃金蘭、林以正 (2010)。心理位移書寫法之位格特性驗證與療癒效果分析。中華輔導與諮商學報(28),頁 29-60。 張仁和、黃金蘭、林以正 (2013)。 從情緒平和與止觀探討心理位移日記書寫方法的療癒機制。教育心理學報, 44(3),頁 589-607。 doi: 10.6251/bep.20120407 張元祐(2014)。全職實習諮商心理師運用心理位移面對實習壓力之經驗與影響研究(未出版之碩士論文)。中國文化大學,台北。 張文馨、季力康 (2013)。 心理彈性對運動心理學研究的啟示。中華體育季刊, 27(3),頁 237-244。 張婍、王淑娟、祝卓宏 (2012)。接納與承諾治療法的心理病理模型和治療模式。中國心理衛生雜誌, 26(5),頁 377-381。 張硯評(2012)。感恩表達與配偶之生活適應(未出版之碩士論文)。台灣大學,台北。 陳姿伸(2013)。探討心理彈性與團隊成員滿意度的關係:以同理心為中介變項、組織承諾為干擾變項(未出版之碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。 陳姿妤(2009)。一個單親家庭乖女兒的故事敘說,以心理位移方法 完成成人的身分認同(未出版之碩士論文)。中國文化大學,台北。 游敦皓(2013)。自體免疫患者運用心理位移書寫法之改變經驗研究(未出版之碩士論文)。中國文化大學,台北。 黃金蘭、Chung, C. K.、Hui, N.、林以正、謝亦泰、Lam, B. C. P.等人 (2012)。 中文版「語文探索與字詞計算」詞典之建立。中華心理學刊, 54(2),頁 185-201。 黃金蘭、林瑋芳、林以正 (2014)。 從LIWC到C-LIWC:電腦化中文字詞分析的潛力。台灣諮商心理學報, 1,頁 97-111。 黃金蘭、張仁和、程威銓、林以正 (2014)。我你他的轉變:以字詞分析探討大學生心理位移書寫文本之位格特性。中華輔導與諮商學報(39),頁 35-58。 黃婷(2011)。心理位移書寫法對提升碩士研究生情緒智力之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。澳門大學,澳門。 楊昕瑜(2014)。大學生參與敘事取向結合心理位移書寫團體之經驗研(未出版之碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化。 楊蕙如(2006)。憂鬱傾向者之用詞特性分析(未出版之碩士論文)。國立中正大學,嘉義。 董氏基金會(2005)。青少年日常生活、網路使用與憂鬱傾向之相關性調查。臺北:董氏基金會。取自: http://www.jtf.org.tw/psyche/melancholia/survey.asp?This=65&Page=1 董氏基金會(2008)。大學生主觀壓力源與憂鬱情緒之相關性調查。臺北:董氏基金會。取自:http://www.jtf.org.tw/psyche/files/2008%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A7%80%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B%E6%BA%90%E8%88%87%E6%86%82%E9%AC%B1%E6%83%85%E7%B7%92%E4%B9%8B%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%80%A7%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5.pdf 蔡文雅(2006)。科技大學學生的壓力與因應策略之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。南台科技大學,台南。 鄭羽晴(2012)。心理彈性干擾工作控制與工作績效、心理健康之研究(未出版之碩士論文)。銘傳大學,台北。 謝亦泰(2007)。從情緒向度與不同的心理位置和特性探討敘事書寫的正面效益(未出版之碩士論文)。台灣大學,台北。 簡怡人(2006)。書寫治療作為婚暴受虐婦女處遇介入之個案研究(未出版之碩 士論文)。淡江大學,台北。 竇郁文(2012)。言語變色龍:說服與語言型態匹配度(未出版之碩士論文)。台灣大學,台北。 蘇倫慧、賴志超、趙淑珠(2013)。親密關係、情緒與生活滿意度-正向情緒的中介效果。家庭教育與諮商學刊(15),頁55-86。 英文參考文獻 Baddeley, J. L., Pennebaker, J. W., & Beevers, C. G. (2013). Everyday social behavior during a major depressive episode. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4(4), 445-452. doi: 10.1177/1948550612461654 Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., . . . Zettle, R. D. (2011). Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II: A Revised Measure of Psychological Inflexibility and Experiential Avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42(4), 676-688. Boniwell, I. (2005). Beyond time management: How the latest research on time perspective and perceived time use can assist clients with time-related concerns. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 3, 61-74. Carver, C. S., Sutton, S. K., & Scheier, M. F. (2000). Action, Emotion, and Personality: Emerging Conceptual Integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(6), 741-751. doi: 10.1177/0146167200268008 Chang, J. H., Huang, C. L., & Lin, Y. C. (2012). The Psychological Displacement Paradigm in Diary-Writing (PDPD) and its psychological benefits. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(1), 155-167. doi: 10.1007/s10902-012-9321-y Cheng, C. (2001). Assessing coping flexibility in real-life and laboratory settings: A multimethod approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(5), 814-833. doi: 10.1037//3415.80.5.814 Chung, C. K., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2008). Revealing dimensions of thinking in open-ended self-descriptions: An automated meaning extraction method for natural language. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(1), 96-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.006 Cohn, M. A., Mehl, M. R., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2004). Linguistic markers of psychological change surrounding September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 15(10), 687-693. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00741.x Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis: W. W. Norton. Fledderus, M., Bohlmeijer, E. T., Fox, J. P., Schreurs, K. M. G., & Spinhoven, P. (2013). The role of psychological flexibility in a self-help acceptance and commitment therapy intervention for psychological distress in a randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51(3), 142-151. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2012.11.007 Francis, M. E., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1993). LIWC: Linguistic inquiry and word count. Dallas, T.: Southern Methodist University. Gonzales, A. L., Hancock, J. T., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2010). Language style matching as a predictor of social dynamics in small groups. Communication Research, 37(1), 3-19. doi: 10.1177/0093650209351468 Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J. B., Bond, F. W., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(1), 1-25. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006 Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K., Wilson, K. G., Bissett, R. T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., . . . McCurry, S. M. (2004). Measuring experiential avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model. Psychological Record, 54(4), 553-578. Hermans, H. J. M. & Kempen, H. J. G. (1993). The dialogical self: Meaning as movement. San Diego: Academic Press. Ireland, M. E., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2010). Language style matching in writing: Synchrony in essays, correspondence, and poetry. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(3), 549-571. doi: 10.1037/a0020386 Ireland, M. E., Slatcher, R. B., Eastwick, P. W., Scissors, L. E., Finkel, E. J., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2011). Language style matching predicts relationship initiation and stability. Psychological Science, 22(1), 39-44. doi: 10.1177/0956797610392928 Kacewicz, E., Pennebaker, J. W., Davis, M., Jeon, M., & Graesser, A. C. (2014). Pronoun use reflects standings in social hierarchies. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 33(2), 125-143. doi: 10.1177/0261927x13502654 Kashdan, T. B., & Rottenberg, J. (2010). Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(7), 865-878. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.001 Klein, K. (2002). Stress, Expressive writing, and Working Memory. In S. J. Lepore & J. M. Smyth (Eds.), The Writing Cure: How Expressive Writing Promotes Health and Emotion Well-Being (p.135). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. Laserna, C. M., Seih, Y. T., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2014). Um... Who like says you know: Filler word use as a function of age, gender, and personality. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 33(3), 328-338. doi: 10.1177/0261927x14526993 Lowe, R. D., Heim, D., Chung, C. K., Duffy, J. C., Davies, J. B., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2013). In verbis, vinum? Relating themes in an open-ended writing task to alcohol behaviors. Appetite, 68, 8-13. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.04.008 Masuda, A., Anderson, P. L., Wendell, J. W., Chou, Y. Y., Price, M., & Feinstein, A. B. (2011). Psychological flexibility mediates the relations between self-concealment and negative psychological outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(2), 243-247. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.037 Masuda, A., Boone, M. S., & Timko, C. A. (2011). The role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between self-concealment and disordered eating symptoms. Eating Behaviors, 12(2), 131-135. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.01.007 Masuda, A., Price, M., Anderson, P. L., & Wendell, J. W. (2010). Disordered Eating-Related Cognition and Psychological Flexibility as Predictors of Psychological Health Among College Students. Behavior Modification, 34(1), 3-15. doi: 10.1177/0145445509351569 McCracken, L. M., & Velleman, S. C. (2010). Psychological flexibility in adults with chronic pain: A study of acceptance, mindfulness, and values-based action in primary care. Pain, 148(1), 141-147. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.10.034 Niederhoffer, K. G., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2002). Linguistic style matching in social interaction. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 21(4), 337-360. doi: 10.1177/026192702237953 Noone, S. J., & Hastings, R. P. (2011). Values and Psychological Acceptance as Correlates of Burnout in Support Staff Working With Adults With Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 4(2), 79-89. doi: 10.1080/19315864.2011.582230 Onwezen, M. C., van Veldhoven, M., & Biron, M. (2014). The role of psychological flexibility in the demands-exhaustion-performance relationship. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(2), 163-176. doi: 10.1080/1359432x.2012.742242 Palladino, C. L., Ange, B., Richardson, D. S., Casillas, R., Decker, M., Gillies, R. A., . . . Stepleman, L. (2013). Measuring psychological flexibility in medical students and residents: a psychometric analysis. Medical Education Online, 18, 8. doi: 10.3402/meo.v18i0.20932 Pasupathi, M. (2007). Telling and the remembered self: Linguistic differences in memories for previously disclosed and previously undisclosed events. Memory, 15(3), 258-270. doi: 10.1080/09658210701256456 Patterson, C. M., & Newman, J. P. (1993). Reflectivity and learning from aversive events: Toward a psychological mechanism for the syndromes of disinhibition. Psychological Review, 100(4), 716-736. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.716 Pennebaker, J. W. (1993). Putting stress into words - health, linguistic, and therapeutic implications. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31(6), 539-548. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(93)90105-4 Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986). Confronting a traumatic event - toward an understanding of inhibition and disease. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(3), 274-281. doi: 10.1037/0021-843x.95.3.274 Pennebaker, J. W., Booth, R. J., & Francis, M. E. (2007). LIWC2007: Linguistic inquiry and word count. Austin, Texas: liwc. net. Pennebaker, J. W., Chung, C. K., Ireland, M., Gonzales, A., & Booth, R. J. (2007). The development and Psychometric properties of LIWV2007. Austin, TX, LIWC. Net. Pennebaker, J. W., Francis, M. E., & Booth, R. J. (2001). Linguistic inquiry and word count: LIWC. Computer software. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Pennebaker, J. W., & King, L. A. (1999). Linguistic styles: Language use as an individual difference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1296-1312. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.77.6.1296 Pennebaker, J. W., & Lay, T. C. (2002). Language Use and Personality during Crises: Analyses of Mayor Rudolph Giuliani's Press Conferences. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(3), 271-282. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2002.2349 Pennebaker, J. W., Mayne, T. J., & Francis, M. E. (1997). Linguistic predictors of adaptive bereavement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(4), 863-871. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.72.4.863 Pennebaker, J. W., & Stone, L. D. (2003). Words of wisdom: Language use over the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 291-301. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.291 Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (1998). Attention,self-regulation, and consciousness.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B. Biological Sciences, 29, 1915-1927. Ramirez-Esparza, N., Chung, C. K., Sierra-Otero, G., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2012). Cross-cultural constructions of self-schemas: Americans and mexicans. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(2), 233-250. doi: 10.1177/0022022110385231 Rude, S. S., Gortner, E. M., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2004). Language use of depressed and depression-vulnerable college students. Cognition & Emotion, 18(8), 1121-1133. doi: 10.1080/02699930441000030 Sairanen, E., Lappalainen, R., Lapveteläinen, A., & Karhunen, L. (2012). Perceptions, motives, and psychological flexibility associated with weight management. Journal of Obesity & Weight Loss Therapy, 2(135). doi: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000135 Sexton, J. D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2009). The healing powers of expressive writing. Psychology of Creative Writing, 264-273. Sheldon, K. M., Cummins, R., & Kamble, S. (2010). Life Balance and Well-Being: Testing a Novel Conceptual and Measurement Approach. Journal of Personality, 78(4), 1093-1134. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00644.x Stirman, S. W., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2001). Word use in the poetry of suicidal and nonsuicidal poets. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63(4), 517-522. Su, J. C., Wei, M., & Tsai, H. T. (2014). Running away from unwanted feelings: culture matters. Cogn Emot, 28(7), 1313-1327. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2014.881322 Tausczik, Y. R., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2010). The psychological meaning of words: Liwc and computerized text analysis methods. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 29(1), 24-54. doi: 10.1177/0261927x09351676 Wang, Y. L., Lin, Y. C., Huang, C. L., & Yeh, K. H. (2012). Benefitting from a differentperspective: The effect of a complementary matching of psychological distance and habitual perspective on emotion regulation. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 15, 198-207. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2012.01372.x |
論文全文使用權限 |
如有問題,歡迎洽詢!
圖書館數位資訊組 (02)2621-5656 轉 2487 或 來信