工業5.0作為工業4.0的延續，主要在強調人本思維與智慧技術的融合，透過人工智慧 (AI) 與人機協作 (HRC)，來實現人類、機器與環境的協同發展。藉由相關背景下，金屬製造業面臨技術升級、永續生產目標及勞動力短缺等挑戰，市場迫切需要探索導入I5.0的關鍵成功因素，以實現智慧化與永續發展。本研究意旨在識別金屬製造業導入I5.0的關鍵成功因素，並建構多準則決策模型，揭示因素間的影響關係與層級結構。首先本研究藉由相關文獻找出5個準則分別為：「永續」、「I4.0科技」、「組織韌性」、「供應鏈韌性」、和「以人為本」及其86個次準則，隨後進行專家圓桌會議篩選50個次準則，來進行模糊德爾菲法 (FDM) 再次篩選出12個次準則關鍵成功因素，最後採用決策試驗與評估實驗室法(DEMATEL) 並建構影響網絡關係圖 (INRM) 進行系統性分析。研究結果顯示，人工智慧、人機協作及永續發展是推動I5.0成功的核心因素。D2 工業4.0科技準則及其次準則K2人工智慧排名第一位，是製造業成功導入工業5.0最具影響力的關鍵因素。本研究在於提供企業在資源有限情況下的策略優先建議。研究結果不僅為金屬製造業導入I5.0提供了理論依據，亦能幫助企業在技術創新與環境友善的協調發展中取得競爭優勢。

Industry 5.0, as a continuation of Industry 4.0, emphasizes the integration of human-centric thinking with intelligent technologies. Through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC), it aims to achieve synergistic development among humans, machines, and the environment. Against this backdrop, the metal manufacturing industry faces challenges such as technological upgrades, sustainable production goals, and labor shortages. The market urgently needs to explore the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for implementing I5.0 to achieve intelligent and sustainable development. This study aims to identify the CSFs for implementing I5.0 in the metal manufacturing sector and to construct a multi-criteria decision-making model to reveal the interrelationships and hierarchical structure among the factors. First, through a literature review, five main criteria were identified: “Sustainability,” “Industry 4.0 Technologies,” “Organizational Resilience,” “Supply Chain Resilience,” and “Human-Centricity,” along with 86 sub-criteria. A roundtable of experts was then conducted to shortlist 50 sub-criteria, followed by the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to further narrow down to 12 key sub-criteria. Finally, the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to construct an Influence Network Relation Map (INRM) for systematic analysis. The results indicate that AI, human-robot collaboration, and sustainable development are the core drivers for the successful implementation of I5.0. Among them, under the I4.0 Technologies criterion, the sub-criterion K2Artificial Intelligence—was ranked as the most influential factor. This research provides strategic priority recommendations for enterprises operating under resource constraints. The findings not only offer a theoretical foundation for the adoption of I5.0 in the metal manufacturing industry but also help companies gain a competitive edge through coordinated development of technological innovation and environmental sustainability. The results indicate that AI, human-robot collaboration, and sustainable development are the core drivers for the successful implementation of I5.0. Among them, under the In4.0 Technologies criterion, the sub-criterion K2 Artificial Intelligence was ranked as the most influential factor. This research provides strategic priority recommendations for enterprises operating under resource constraints. The findings not only offer a theoretical foundation for the adoption of I5.0 in the metal manufacturing industry but also help companies gain a competitive edge through coordinated development of technological innovation and environmental sustainability.

目錄
誌 謝	I
中文摘要	III
ABSTRACT	IV
目錄	VI
表目錄	VIII
圖目錄	IX
第一章　緒論	1
1.1　研究背景與動機	1
1.2　研究目的	5
1.3　研究流程	6
第二章　文獻探討	10
2.1　工業化的發展進程	10
2.2 　工業5.0成功的關鍵趨勢	19
2.3 　影響工業5.0在金屬製造業的關鍵因素相關文獻	23
第三章　研究方法	48
3.1　專家圓桌會議	48
3.2　專家意見圓桌會議訪談	50
3.3　工業5.0在金屬製造業的關鍵因素之準則及其次準則的意涵	55
3.4　多準則決策法	66
3.5　模糊理論	68
3.6　模糊德爾菲法	70
3.7　決策實驗室 	75
3.8　問卷設計與施測	79
第四章　資料分析與結果	83
4.1　專家圓桌會議訪談分析	83
4.2　樣本的基本資料與分析	86
4.3　模糊德爾菲分析	87
4.4　決策實驗室分析法專家問卷分析	94
4.5　分析與討論	106
第五章　結論與建議	111
5.1　研究結論	111
5.2　建議	111
5.3　研究限制與與未來研究方向	115
參考文獻	118
附錄	144
附錄一　專家訪談紀錄	144
附錄二　模糊德爾菲專家問卷	219
附錄三　決策實驗室專家問卷	232

表目錄
表2-1　2023年1-12月台灣工具機出口統計	18
表2-2　2024年1-12月台灣工具機出口統計	19
表2-3　2024年1-12月台灣工具機主要出口國家	23
表3-1　訪談程序	52
表3-2　訪談人員相關背景資料	53
表3-3　專家圓桌會議訪談大綱	53
表3-4　工業5.0在金屬製造業的關鍵因素：多準則決策方法評估準則及其次準則之相關意涵	56
表3-5　傳統德菲法與模糊德菲法特色比較	73
表3-6　模糊德爾菲問卷尺度定義	80
表3-7　模糊德爾菲問卷填答範例	81
表4-1　圓桌會議專家討論結果分析	84
表4-2　專家樣本結構分析表	87
表4-3　模糊德爾菲專家問卷填答數據	88
表4-4　整體專家共識預測值之FDM分析結果	91
表4-5　模糊德爾菲篩選後工業5.0在金屬製造業關鍵因素的關鍵因素	94
表4-6　DEMATEL初始矩陣	97
表4-7　DEMATEL正規化矩陣	98
表4-8  I-N 矩陣	99
表4-9    反矩陣	99
表4-10　DEMATEL 總影響關係矩陣	101
表4-11　準則因素之總影響度與關聯度表	102
圖目錄
圖1-1　研究流程圖	9
圖2-1　工業革命演進過程	11
圖3-1　工業5.0在金屬製造業的關鍵因素：多準則決策方法之模型	55
圖3-2　因果關係圖	79
圖4-1　FDM篩選之新架構	95
圖4-2　工業5.0於金屬製造業關鍵因素的因果關係圖	103
圖4-3　DEMATEL影響網路 (INRM) 關係圖	106
 

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