無線隨建即連網路中的網路節點存在有電量有限的問題。目前研究中所提出節能(Energy-Efficient)方法僅考慮成功傳輸的電量消耗，並無特別考慮因干擾而碰撞，使得重傳次數增加的電量消耗。加上電量消耗的議題多僅考慮MAC層或網路層特性設計，沒有充分運用跨階層設計讓有效的電量消耗議題獲得解決。本論文根據不同的節點密度，衍生出電量消耗關係，進而建立繞徑計算的數學模型及模擬分析。本論文先預測無線網路的干擾範圍內節點產生碰撞機率，接著計算IEEE 802.11資料連結層協定下，基於功率控制與資料傳輸速率選擇所導致之資料重傳次數，最後結合上述二者，提出電量消耗為最小連結路徑成本的繞徑協定。透過跨階層設計的方式，將資料連結層中預測的重傳次數及功率控制大小，作為網路層中繞徑建立過程中，將封包傳輸時可能消耗的電量做為路徑成本，使整條路徑的能量消耗最低。本論文方法採用OPNET產生模擬結果與相關節能繞徑協定比較，在電量消耗與傳輸效能均獲得較佳的成果

Wireless ad hoc networks are powered by battery. To prolong the network connectivity, many researches is focused on energy-efficient routing protocols, but these protocols just designed by power control methods to solve power consumption problems without considering data retransmission may be another problem to incur power consumption by collision. Also, these energy-efficient routing protocols might use single rate to transmit data without select rate to adopt network environment. In this paper, we propose a Minimum Link Cost Routing (MLCR) protocol to decrease the energy consumption on routing in IEEE 802.11 based wireless ad hoc networks. Firstly, the link cost is built by power control and data retransmission estimate model for the power consumption problem within data rate adaptation in different density of nodes. Based on the model, the minimum link cost routing protocol is proposed to find the routing path with minimum power consumption and rate adaptation. Comparing to related energy-efficient routing protocols with OPNET, MLCR can be outperformance in power consumption and end-to-end throughput.

第1章	緒論	1
1.1	研究動機與目的	1
1.2	相關文獻	3
1.3	研究方法	8
1.4	研究架構	10
第2章	環境與概念	11
2.1	無線隨選即連網路節能繞徑協定	13
2.1.1	傳統式無線路由協定	13
2.1.2	跨階層繞徑協定	16
2.2	跨階層設計的節省能量消耗繞徑協定	18
第3章	階層設計的最小連結成本繞徑協定	22
3.1	繞徑連結成本估計	23
3.2	跨階層設計下最小連結成本的繞徑協定	32
第4章	模擬分析	40
4.1	模擬器OPNET介紹	40
4.1.1	OPNET環境設定	40
4.2	模擬環境設計	43
4.2.1	網路場景設計	43
4.2.2	模擬評估方法	44
4.3	模擬結果分析	45
4.3.1	最小電量消耗比較(Power consumption)	46
4.3.2	點對點間傳輸效能(End to end throughput)	47
4.3.3	點對點間傳輸延遲(End to end packet delay)	49
4.3.4	重傳次數比較(Numbers of retransmission)	50
4.4	模擬分析結論	51
第5章	結論與未來展望	53
5.1	論文結論	53
5.2	未來展望	55
參考文獻	57
附錄 - 英文論文 61

圖1.	跨階層設計提供各階層參數方式	9
圖2.	最短路徑的繞徑方式	15
圖3.	跨階層設計繞徑方式	17
圖4.	使用電量控制機制造成干擾半徑大於RTS/CTS傳輸半徑的情況	26
圖5.	傳輸距離，電量大小對應出SNR threshold與資料速率關係	27
圖6.	Newton-Raphon法找power 及SNR對應的最小Cost值 	31
圖7.	網路節點間繞徑找尋的示意圖	33
圖8.	MLCR 演算法-RREQ封包的傳送	35
圖9.	網路節點間封包回傳的示意圖	37
圖10.	MLCR演算法 – RREP 封包回覆	38
圖11.	網路節點改變資料傳輸繞徑方式	39
圖12.	網路節點密度與平均路徑電量消耗的比較	47
圖13.	點對點間傳輸效能比較	48
圖14.	點對點間傳輸延遲比較	49
圖15.	網路節點封包傳輸的重傳次數比較	50

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