本文係研究多相流應用於毛細多孔介質冷板散熱分析與設計。相變化熱傳特點是相變流體要放出或吸收大量的潛熱，作動反應迅速且可快速將小面積熱量擴散到大面積，更有效利用外部散熱裝置使得整體系統獲得良好熱控效果。以往實驗難以觀察冷板內部流體作動流場，而目前相變化熱傳多以二維模擬分析，無法看出實際冷板整體流體流場變化。本研究利用計算流體力學軟體ANSYS_CFX10.0進行三維冷板內部具毛細多孔介質相變化熱傳熱流作動模擬分析，比較歐拉(Eulerian)及拉格朗日(Lagrangian)多相流理論應用於CFX與FLUENT所對應模型及其適應範圍比較其優缺點，找出最合適多相流理論與所對應軟體模型，以期更準確模擬真實冷板內部流場及其相變化熱傳。並以相同尺寸銅、鋁板比較驗證具相變化毛細多孔介質冷板優異的擴散熱阻和散熱效益。最後以實體冷板進行實驗並利用紅外線攝像儀觀察冷板、銅板、鋁板溫度變化實際作動，再次驗證分析模擬數值正確性及利用CFD軟體模擬冷板內部流體流場的可行性。
本研究成功地找出CFX中適應模擬冷板作動之理論模型，實現三維冷板內部具毛細多孔介質結構相變化熱傳熱流作動模擬分析，證實具相變化毛細多孔介質冷板優異的熱傳效益及利用CFD軟體模擬冷板內部流體流場的可行性。

This thesis is studied the analysis and design of multiphase flow applies to capillary porous media cold plate. The characteristic of phase change heat transfer is phase change fluid should emit or absorb a large mount of latent heat. The action of heat transfer is very fast and is able to spread the heat of small area to large area in very short time. The external cooling device is used to improve the heat control of the whole system. The flow field of the internal fluid in the cold plate is hard to observe in the experiments formerly. The simulation of phase change heat transfer mostly based on two-dimentional analysis, and the whole fluid field change is unable to observe. This thesis uses Computational Fluid Dynamic software ANSYS_CFX 10.0 to perform the three-dimentional simulation of multiphase phase change heat transfer in the cold plate with capillary porous media. Eulerian and Lagrangian multiphase theory applied to corresponding model of CFX and FLUENT is compared and discussed the suitable range. In order to get the accurate simulation of true flow field of the internal fluid in the cold plate and phase change heat transfer. And using the same size of aluminum and copper to compare and proof the excellent spreading resistance and the cooling effect of phase change heat transfer in the cold plate with capillary porous media. Finally, experiments are performed with real cold plate, and observed the temperature various of cold plate, copper plate and aluminum plate by thermal imaging camera system. To prove the validity of simulation vale and the feasibility of simulating flow field of the internal fluid in the cold plate by CFD software.
    This thesis figure out the theory adapt to simulation the operation of cold plate in CFX, To achieve performing the three-dimentional simulation of phase change heat transfer in the cold plate with capillary porous media. And prove the excellent spreading resistance and the cooling effect of phase change heat transfer in the cold plate with capillary porous media, and the feasibility of simulating flow field of the internal fluid in the cold plate by CFD software.

中文摘要.................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.................................................Ⅱ
目錄.....................................................IV
圖目錄...................................................VI
表目錄....................................................X
符號索引................................................XII
第一章 緒論...............................................1
1.1 前言..................................................1
1.2 文獻回獻..............................................3
1.3 研究動機..............................................7
1.4 研究流程..............................................8
第二章 基本理論..........................................12
2.1 作動原理.............................................12
2.2 相變化熱傳...........................................13
2.2.1 液體沸騰熱傳.......................................13
2.2.2 蒸氣冷凝熱傳.......................................15
2.2.3 孔隙表面沸騰.......................................18
2.3 多相流...............................................19
2.3.1歐拉(Eulerian)和拉格朗日(Lagrangian)................19
2.4 分析模擬理論.........................................26
2.4.1 混合模型(The Mixture Model)........................27
2.4.2 毛細多孔介質.......................................28
2.4.3 統御方程式.........................................29
第三章 分析模擬結果討論..................................34
3.1數值分析..............................................34
3.1.1 求解方法...........................................34
3.2 簡單模型模擬分析.....................................37
3.2.1 簡單模型分析結果探討...............................38
3.2.2 簡單模型不同尺寸冷板性能分析比較...................51
3.3 實際設計模型模擬分析.................................56
3.3.1 實際設計模型尺寸構造參數...........................56
3.3.2 實際設計模型分析結果探討...........................62
第四章 實驗驗證討論......................................71
4.1 實驗模型.............................................71
4.2 實驗設備參數校正.....................................74
4.3 熱傳性能實驗.........................................81
4.4 實驗與分析結果結果比較討論...........................83
4.5 紅外線熱像儀拍攝下冷板作動...........................86
第五章 結論與建議........................................89
5.1 結論.................................................89
5.2 未來展望與建議.......................................93
參考文獻.................................................95
附錄.....................................................97
圖目錄
圖1-1：使用銅、鋁材質散熱板熱集中現象……………………………..1
圖1-2：市面各式散熱裝置……………………………………..………..4
圖1-3：冷板優異均熱效果示意圖……………………………..………..6
圖1-4：各式相變化散熱器…………………………………….….……..6
圖1-5：研究流程圖…..……………………..……………………..……..9
圖1-6：分析模擬流程圖…..………………..…………………..………11
圖2-1：冷板作動示意圖………………………………………………..12
圖3-1：SIMPLIC示意圖………………………………………………..35
圖3-2：簡單模型幾何及邊界條件示意圖……………………………..37
圖3-3：模擬冷板實際作動示意圖………………………………..…....40
圖3-4：模擬工作流體分佈狀態圖…………………….………….…....40
圖3-5：溫度分布取點圖………………………………………….…....41
圖3-6：銅、鋁、冷板溫度分佈比較……………………………………..41
圖3-7：簡單模型厚度及熱阻變化圖………………………………….42
圖3-8：簡單模型隨工作流體比例熱阻變化圖………………………..44
圖3-9：簡單模型不同輸入瓦數下冷板熱阻變化……………………..45
圖3-10：簡單模型溫度分佈圖……………..…………………………..47
圖3-11：簡單模型溫度下視分佈圖………….…………….…………47
圖3-12：簡單模型溫度上視分佈圖……………………………………48
圖3-13：簡單模型溫度分布切面圖……………………………………48
圖3-14：簡單模型流場圖………………………………………………49
圖3-15：簡單模型汽相流場圖…………………………………………49
圖3-16：簡單模型液相流場圖…………………………………………50
圖3-17：簡單模型流場切面圖…………………………………………50
圖3-18：優良均熱板散熱效益示意圖………………………..………..51
圖3-19：熱源大小與散熱片溫度分布示意圖……………....…………52
圖3-20：簡單模型不同尺寸厚度及熱阻變化圖………………………53
圖3-21：簡單模型不同尺寸在不同工作流體比例熱阻變化…………54
圖3-22：簡單模型不同尺寸在不同輸入瓦數下冷板熱阻變化………55
圖3-23：實際設計幾何模型……………………………………………56
圖3-24：實際設計模型尺寸圖…………………………………………57
圖3-25：四分之一模型冷板組立分解圖………………………………57
圖3-26：實際模型各部分分解圖………………………………………58
圖3-27：無考慮熱應力考量實際模型上下銅殼……………..………..59
圖3-28：簡化熱應力結構實體模型尺寸圖……………………………59
圖3-29：實體模型各部份網格化圖……………………………………60
圖3-30：有肋及無肋冷板溫度時間變化圖……………………………61
圖3-31：實際設計冷板模型……………………………………………62
圖3-32：實際模型不同工作流體比例熱阻變化………………………63
圖3-33：實際模型不同輸入瓦數熱阻變化……………………………64
圖3-34：實際模型溫度下視圖…………………………………………66
圖3-35：實際模型溫度上視圖…………………..……………………..66
圖3-36：實際模型汽、液流場圖………………….……………………67
圖3-37：簡化熱應力外型溫度下視圖…………………………………68
圖3-38：簡化熱應力外型溫度上視圖…………………………………68
圖3-39：簡化熱應力外型汽、液像流場圖…..…………………………69
圖3-40：實際模型流場切面圖…..…………..…..……………………..70
圖3-41：實際模型流線圖…..…..…………..…..……………………..70
圖4-1：實驗用電熱片及資料頡取器…………………………………..72
圖4-2：實驗用冷板模型………………………………………………..73
圖4-3：實驗熱電偶埋設溝漕示意圖…………………………………..74
圖4-4：冷板實驗整體設備示意圖……………….……………………76
圖4-5：實驗冷板架設示意圖……………………………..……………77
圖4-6：強制對流下30W~100W理論與真實輸入功率值……………..81
圖4-7：輸入100瓦銅板實驗及模擬溫度取點時間變化圖……….…84
圖4-8：紅外線熱像儀拍攝架設圖…………………..…………………87
圖4-9：輸入100瓦冷板實驗及模擬溫度取點時間變化圖……….…87
圖4-10：銅板紅外線熱像儀溫度分佈圖及曲線………..……………88
圖4-11：冷板紅外線熱像儀溫度分佈圖及曲線………………………88
表目錄
表1-1：市售Intel處理器發熱功率及有效工作溫度	3
表1-2：市售AMD處理器發熱功率及有效工作溫度	3
表2-1：液體及其接觸表面 值	16
表3-1：文獻報告與分析模擬比較	39
表3-2：簡單模型不同內部構成熱阻	46
表3-3：有肋、無肋冷板CFX分析模擬比較	61
表3-4：有肋、無肋冷板Fluent分析模擬比較	61
表3-5：實際模型不同內部構成熱阻	65
表4-1：自然對流下30W~60W真實輸入功率值	79
表4-2：水冷頭熱消散係數校定	80
表4-3：輸入100瓦銅板實驗及模擬溫度取點溫度	84
表4-4：冷板輸入100W熱量實驗及分析模擬值	85
表A：CFD求解方程式	98
表B：CFD模擬時間間隔	99
表C：簡單模型改變厚度熱阻變化	99
表D：不同尺寸冷板不同內部構成熱阻	100
表E：不同尺寸冷板不同厚度熱阻	100
表F：實體模型冷板不同工作流體熱阻	101
表G：常用毛細結構之毛細等效半徑	102

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