本研究試圖解釋自1995 年以來人民解放軍的發展，從新時代的軍事戰略指導守
  則評估中可以了解到，人民解放軍開啟了兩個轉變。這兩種轉變讓解放軍重新定
  義他們人員的種類，透過新型軍事人才的培養，解放軍希望後繼者擁有更好的教
  育及技術能力。

  本論文主張新型態的解放軍在招募的過程中，由一個高標準的軍事教育系統給予
  嚴苛的判準與訓練，讓他們的能力不只是在軍事範圍內。首先，本研究將先分析
  培養新型態人員的戰略支柱，現代戰爭的本質即是資訊化戰爭。新時代的軍事戰
  略指導守則驅使解放軍遵守並服從國家發展戰略，而解放軍培養新型態人員乃是
  基於兩個主要理由。本研究的第二部分將聚焦於這些人員培養的過程。所謂良好
  的教育有其特色，招募來的人員是受到專業軍事教育系統的訓練，有著一套管理
  規則必須遵守，這也是本研究分析的部分之一。新型態人員的智能能力是他們的
  特色。最後，本研究將強調在這些人員的評估上，雖然這些人員的開銷，與解放
  軍的組織文化引起了一些質疑，在軍事事務上的專業化主義，與超出軍事範圍的
  投資發展，都可被視為是解放軍未來在外交交易、軍事介入他國的發展傾向。

This study examines the development of PLA officers since 1995. Derived
from the strategic assessments of Military Strategic Guidelines for the New Period,
the PLA has started implement Two Transformations as the guiding program of army
building in 1995. Implementation of Two Transformations made PLA redefine its
ideal type of officers. Called as “new-type military talents”, they are proposed to be
more “well-educated” and “technically competent” then their successors.

    This thesis argues that new-type officers of the PLA are recruited with high criteria
and trained in high standardized education system which aims their military, as well
as intellectual proficiencies that enable them to perform in extra-military dimensions.
In this study, first, the strategic underpinnings for the development of new-type
officers are analyzed. The nature of modern warfare –which is called as “information
warfare”, and the strategic thought of the Military Strategic Guidelines for the New
Period –that obliged the PLA obey and serve the nation’s development strategy,
appear to be major two reasons why the PLA intended to develop new-type officers.
The second focus of the study: the process these officers are developed. Since being
“well-educated” is defined as the distinctive characteristic of these officers, the
sources they are recruited from, the professional military education system they are
trained in, as well as the managerial regulations they are bound with are analyzed. The
results reveal that new-type officers’ intellectual competence on compound fields is
their distinctive feature from their successors. Finally, the emphasis is given to the
evaluation of these officers. Although the expenses of these officers and their
cohesion to PLA’s organizational culture arouse questions; their enhanced
professionalism on military affairs, and diversified skills on extra-military dimensions
points toward a beneficial development which could also be seen in PLA’s ongoing
trends of diplomatic exchanges and military involvement with other countries.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract (Chinese) i
Abstract (English) ii
Acknowledgements iii
Table of Contents iv
1- INTRODUCTION: PLA’S CHANGING OFFICERS 1
1.1. Motivation and Purpose 1
1.2. Range and Limit 7
1.3. Method and Structure 10
2- INCEPTION: PLA’S MODERNIZATION AND PURSUIT FOR NEW TYPE OFFICERS 13
2.1. Modernization of PLA 14
2.2. Military Strategic Guidelines and the Two Transformations 17
2.2.1. Implementation of Two Transformations 26
2.3. New Type Officers 28
2.3.1. Human Element 30
2.3.2. Science and Technology 31
2.3.3. Foreign Observations 32
2.3.4. Strategic Thought 33
3- IMPLEMENTATION: RECRUITMENT, EDUCATION, AND MANAGEMENT OF NEW TYPE OFFICERS 36
3.1. Officer Recruitment 36
3.1.1. Direct Recruitment from Civilian Universities 38
3.1.2. National Defense Scholarship Program 40
3.2. Professional Military Education 42
3.2.1. Military Schools 44
3.2.2. Civilian Institutions 47
3.3. Managerial Adjustments 51
3.3.1. Evaluation and Promotion 52
3.3.2. Retention Issue 53
4- INTERPRETATION: ASSESMENT OF NEW TYPE OFFICERS 56
4.1. Obstacles 56
4.1.1. Raising Expenses 56
4.1.2. Adaptation Dilemma 58
4.2. Gains 59
4.2.1. Enhanced Competence 59
4.2.2. Diversified Skills 61
4.3. Indicator Trends 61
4.2.1. Diplomatic Exchanges 62
4.2.2. Military Involvement 63
5- CONCLUSIONS 65
APPENDICES 70
Appendix 1 Information Warfare
Appendix 2 List of the Universities Incorporated to Professional
Military Education System 73
Appendix 3 PLA-Foreign Military Exercises Since 2002 77
BIBLIOGRAPHY 81

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