因為體育在世界上普遍實施，因此體育是個良好的外交工具。雖然台灣遇到外交困境，但透過體育，台灣還是能繼續保留在世界平台上，這也就是台灣體育外交的成果。目前的體育外交機制很難被定義出來，不過，體育外交是以軟實力和公民外交為主體。然而，探討台灣的體育外交不能只了解軟實力和公民外交，而是需要深入了解「中華台北」和「奧會模式」的由來和裡面的台灣意識。此外，台灣的體育外交也會因為兩岸關係的變化而改變。從2017台北世界大學運動會為案例，也就是台灣申辦過最大的綜合體育賽事。從申辦過程裡，可以見證到台灣的體育外交會受軟實力、公民外交、台灣意識和兩岸關係的影響。雖然申辦2017世大運的時候兩岸關係有受損，但整體而言成功的。因此，可以推斷出台灣的體育外交是有效的，而且也是台灣不可缺失的外交工具。

Sports was an important tool for diplomacy as it was practiced all over the world. Despite facing diplomatic dilemma, Taiwan still managed to stay in the international arena through sports, which was the result of effective Taiwan’s sports diplomacy. The mechanism of sport diplomacy was not understood well, however, it was based mainly on soft power and public diplomacy. However, the aspects of Taiwan’s sport diplomacy went further than simple soft power and public diplomacy where it includes the identity of Taiwan as “Chinese Taipei” in international sports. In addition, the cross-strait relations in sports was also an important factor in Taiwan’s sports diplomacy. Using the case study of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade, the largest multi-sport event that Taiwan had ever held, it can be observed that soft power, public diplomacy, Taiwanese identity, and cross-strait relations was the key factors that influenced Taiwan’s success in hosting the games. Despite the decline in cross-strait relations during the 2017 Summer Universiade, the other aspects of Taiwan’s sports diplomacy was considered successful. Hence, it can be concluded that Taiwan’s sports diplomacy was successful and was an important diplomatic tool for Taiwan.

Table of Contents
List of Figures…………………………………………………...…………….vi
List of Tables……………………………………………………………….…vii
List of Abbreviations…………………………………………………...…....viii
I)	Introduction	1
1)	Research Background and Research Questions	1
A)	Research Background	1
B)	Research Questions	5
2)	Research Motivations and Objectives	5
A)	Research Motivations	5
B)	Research Objectives	6
3)	Literature Review	6
A)	Soft Power	7
B)	Sport Diplomacy	9
C)	Public Diplomacy	11
4)	Research Methodology	12
A)	Historical analysis:	12
B)	Document analysis	13
C)	Field study	13
D)	Statistical Analysis	14
5)	Thesis Structure	15
6)	Research Limitations	16
II)	Why “Chinese Taipei”, not “Taiwan”?	18
1)	Sports and International Relations	18
2)	Background of Chinese Taipei and the Olympic Formula	21
A)	The history of Chinese Taipei	21
B)	Current Development of Chinese Taipei	28
C)	The Olympic Formula	29
3)	Analysis on the use the Olympic Formula	31
A)	The evolution of Chinese Taipei	31
B)	The pros- and cons- of Chinese Taipei and Olympic Formula	33
4)	Summary	36
III)	Taiwan’s Sports Diplomacy	38
1)	The structure of international sports	38
A)	The International Olympic Committee	38
B)	International Sport Federations	39
C)	National Olympic Committee	40
2)	What is sports diplomacy?	42
3)	Sport Diplomacy of Taiwan	46
A)	Structure of Sports Governance in Taiwan	46
B)	Representatives in IFs	49
C)	Hosting of International Sports Events in Taiwan	51
4)	Evaluation on Taiwan’s Sports Diplomacy	52
A)	Findings	52
B)	Factors of Taiwan’s Sport Diplomacy	58
5)	Summary	62
IV)	The 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade	66
1)	The Organization of the Summer Universiade	66
A)	The Bidding Process of 2017 Summer Universiade	66
B)	The Hosting Process of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade	68
C)	During the 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade	71
D)	Legacies of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade	72
2)	Sports Diplomacy of 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade	73
A)	Identity	73
B)	Soft Power Aspects	75
C)	Public Diplomacy	77
D)	Cross-Strait Relations	78
3)	Summary	80
V)	Conclusion	81
1)	Executive Summary	81
2)	Personal Account from Field Studies	84
3)	Current Development	86
4)	Policy Suggestions	88
5)	Recommendations for further studies	89
Bibliography	91
1)	English Resources	91
2)	Chinese Materials	96
List of Figures
Figure 1: Structure of International Sports ........................................................................... 39
Figure 2: Sport Exchanges from Overseas to Taiwan in 2007 to 2016 .................................. 55
Figure 3: Sport Exchanges from Taiwan to Overseas in 2007 to 2016. ................................. 56
Figure 4: Number of Taiwanese and Positions held in International and Regional Sport
Federations from 2007 to 2016 ............................................................................................ 57
Figure 5: Cross-Strait Sport Exchanges from PRC in 2007 to 2016. ..................................... 58
Figure 6: Factors of Taiwan's Sports Diplomacy .................................................................. 63
List of Tables
Table 1: The three types of power ..........................................................................................7
Table 2: Structure of the thesis ............................................................................................. 15
Table 3: Timeline of events for NOC name change for ROC and PRC ................................. 26
Table 4: Chinese Taipei's Performance in International and Regional Multi-Event Games ... 52

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