甚多文獻指出業務多角化策略對企業績效具重大之影響，然甚少有以會計師產業為對象進行研究之證據。本研究以台灣主管機關所發行1997至2003年的公開資料庫為對象，探討合夥型會計師事務所之業務多角化對其成本效率之影響。主要實證結果如下：首先，隨著非審計業務比重之提昇，其與成本效率間呈現先上升後下降之非線性關係，意謂著非審計業務多角化策略僅在特定區間方具範疇經濟，超過某一臨界點時將不利於成本效率之提升。其次，隨著財務簽證、稅務服務、及管理顧問與其他收入等三種業務之多角化程度的提高，對成本效率呈現單調遞增之正向影響，意謂著三種業務愈均衡時，合夥型會計師事務所之成本效率愈高。最後，基於審計雙市場結構的特性，本文將會計師事務所之規模納入考量時，發現業務多角化對成本效率之影響，均受到事務所規模之影響，隨著事務所規模愈大，業務多角化對成本效率之正向影響愈小，顯示出中、大型會計師事務所在提高業務多角化的同時，亦要考量嚴控事務所規模，否則可能不利於成本效率之提昇。本研究之實證結果除可填補相關文獻之不足外，或能提供給會計師事務所之管理階層在進行業務多角化策略規劃及規模選擇之決策參考。

As we know from the research, service strategy has significantly impacted on business performance. However, there is rarely research focusing on the field of partnership accounting firms. The study collecting the market financial information published by the Ministry of Finance in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003 discusses the effects of service strategies on cost efficiency from Partnership Accounting Firms in Taiwan. The study found several results form the analysis. First of all, the correlation between the ratio of non-auditing service and cost efficiency is shown as a non-linear, inverse U shape graph. It is shown that when the ratio of non-auditing service is in the certain ranges, it has the economy of scope. When it is higher up to the certain point, it will not raise the cost efficiency. In addition, while the ratio of business diversification, only referring to the financial service, taxation service, and management consulting and others, is increasing, it makes the cost efficiency going up. It reveals that the more balance the business diversification is, the higher the cost efficiency of the partnership accounting firm has. Finally, due to the characters of the auditing double market structure, this study takes the scale of the partnership accounting firms into account. Then it found that the cost efficiency is influenced by not only the variety of the business service but also the scale of the firms. It shows that when the accounting firm is bigger, the positive relation between their business diversification strategies and the cost efficiency is lower. It is obvious that the medium or big partnership accounting firms should consider their firm sizes when trying to increase their business diversification. Otherwise, it could not help the performance on the cost efficiency. The results of this research can contribute to the professional documents and also provide the regulatory authority of the partnership accounting firms with the plans on the business diversification strategies and the firm scales.

第壹章	緒論………………………………………………………	1
	第一節 研究背景及動機……………………………………	1
	第二節 研究目的…………………………………………	2
	第三節 論文結構與研究流程………………………………3
第貳章	文獻探討…………………………………………………	5
	第一節 業務多角化策略之涵義…………………………….	5
	第二節 業務多角化策略之實證研究………………………	10
	第三節 效率分析概念及主要方法…………………………	17
	第四節 隨機邊界成本函數之介紹………………………….	20
	第五節 文獻總評述………………………………………..	 23
第參章	研究設計………………………………………………...	26
	第一節 研究示意圖………………………………………..	26
	第二節 變數定義…………………………………………..	27
	第三節 實證模型…………………………………………..	34
	第四節 資料來源與樣本選取……………………………….	37
第肆章	敘述統計分析……………………………………………	38
	第一節 合夥會計師事務所整體業務結構概述…………	38
	第二節 合夥會計師事務所各規模型態之業務結構………43
	第三節 敘述性統計分析…………………………………	55
第伍章	實證結果與分析…………………………………………	59
	第一節 相關係數分析……………………………………	59
	第二節 隨機邊界成本函數之估計結果……………………	69
	第三節 未區分規模下業務多角化策略對成本效率影響之細部分析………………………………………………	76
	第四節 區分規模下業務多角化策略對成本效率影響之細部分析…………………………………………………	83
	第五節 大規模會計師事務所業務多角化策略對成本效率影響之進一步探討…………………………………	93
	第六節 敏感性分析………………………………………	100
第陸章	結論、研究限制與建議………………………………………	111
	第一節 結論…………………………………………………	111
	第二節 管理意涵…………………………………………112
	第三節 研究限制……………………………………….	113
	第四節 未來研究建議……………………………………	113
附錄	業務多角化策略之實證研究彙整……………………………	115
參考文獻	……………………………………………………………	121

表 目 錄
表3-2-1	變數定義彙整表………...……………………………..…….	33
表4-2-1	各規模占整體審計市場業務比例……………………..……	43
表4-2-2	整體審計市場及各規模型態於樣本期間各年度走勢彙整表…....	46
表4-3-1	1997-2003年投入產出變數及淨利之敘述性統計………...……	56
表5-1-1	投入與產出變數之相關係數矩陣:1997~2003年…………….....	60
表5-1-2	成本無效率與會計師事務所環境變數之相關係數矩陣_未區分規模:1997~2003年………….………………..………………...	64
表5-1-3	成本無效率與會計師事務所環境變數之相關係數矩陣_區分規模:1997~2003年…………..………………………………....	67
表5-2-1	迴歸分析結果_未區分規模:1997~2003年………..……………	71
表5-2-2	迴歸分析結果_區分規模:1997~2003年…………………….....	75
表5-3-1	十分位表_非審計服務策略對成本無效率影響……...……..	78
表5-3-2	成本效率最高與最低比較表………...……………………..	79
表5-3-3	十分位表_服務多角化策略對成本無效率影響……...……..	81
表5-3-4	成本效率最高與最低比較表…………...…………………..	82
表5-4-1	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率影響……..	85
表5-4-2	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率影響……..	90
表5-5-1	十分位表_大型規模事務所非審計服務策略對成本無效率影響……………..…………………………………………	94
表5-5-2	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率影響……..	98
表6-1-1	迴歸分析結果 1997~2003年_Entropy………...………………	102
表6-1-2	迴歸分析結果2004~2005年_Herfindahl……...………….……	104
表6-1-3	迴歸分析結果2004~2005年_Entropy…………………………	105
表6-1-4	迴歸分析結果 1997~2003年_ Entropy…………………….….	107
表6-1-5	迴歸分析結果2004~2005年_ Herfindahl…………………..….	109
表6-1-6	迴歸分析結果2004~2005年_ Entropy………………………....	110
圖 目 錄
圖1-3-1	研究流程圖………………………………………………….	4
圖3-1-1	研究示意圖…………………………………………………	26
圖4-1-1	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖_金額………….....	40
圖4-1-2	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(1)_比例……...…..	40
圖4-1-3	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(2)_比例……...…..	41
圖4-1-4	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖_金額……………………………………………...…….…..	42
圖4-1-5	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖_比例………………………………………..…………..…..	42
圖4-2-1	不同規模年平均審計與非審計收入業務結構比較圖(金額)…….	44
圖4-2-2	不同規模年平均審計與非審計收入業務結構比較圖(比例)…….	44
圖4-2-3	不同規模年平均財務、稅務及其他收入業務結構比較圖(金額)…	45
圖4-2-4	不同規模年平均財務、稅務及其他收入業務結構比較圖(比例)...	45
圖4-2-5	1997~2005年審計市場業務趨勢……….……………………..	47
圖4-2-6	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_大型……....	47
圖4-2-7	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_中型……....	48
圖4-2-8	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_小型…...….	48
圖4-2-9	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_大型…...….	49
圖4-2-10	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_中型………	49
圖4-2-11	1997~2005年審計與非審計業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_小型……....	49
圖4-2-12	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_大型…………………………..…………...………...………	51
圖4-2-13	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_中型…………………………... ……...…………….………	51
圖4-2-14	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(金額)_小型…………………………... ……...…………….………52
圖4-2-15	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_大型…………………………... ……...…………….………	52
圖4-2-16	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_中型…………………………... ……...…………….………	53
圖4-2-17	1997~2005年財務、稅務、管顧及其他服務等業務結構趨勢圖(比例)_小型…………………………... ……...…………….………	53
圖5-3-1	十分位表_非審計服務策略對成本無效率之關係圖.……….	78
圖5-3-2	十分位表_服務多角化策略對成本無效率之關係圖.……….	81
圖5-4-1	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_大型.	87
圖5-4-2	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_中型.	87
圖5-4-3	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_小型.	87
圖5-4-4	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_大規模……………..………………….…...…………….………	92
圖5-4-5	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_中規模……………..………………….…...…………….………	92
圖5-4-6	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_小規模……………..………………….…...…………….………	92
圖5-5-1	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_超大型……………..………………….…...…………….………	95
圖5-5-2	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_一般大型……………..………………….…...…………….…....	96
圖5-5-3	十分位表_非審計服務策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_整體大型、超大型與一般大型比較……….…...…………….…....	96
圖5-5-4	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_超大型……………..………………….…...…………….….......	99
圖5-5-5	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_一般大型……………..………………….…...…………….…....	99
圖5-5-6	十分位表_服務多角化策略與規模對成本無效率之關係圖_整體大型、超大型與一般大型比較……….…...…………….…....	99

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