近年來，「社會資本」在經濟學、社會學和政治學中是十分熱門的概念，而參與在民主議題中也是長期受到矚目的焦點。再加上隨著網路的興起，真實世界的線下概念和網路世界的線上概念，也因不同途徑為成為新興研究的方向。所以本文的研究問題為探討社會資本對參與的效果，並提出六項假設：（一）線下社會資本愈高投票參與愈高；（二）線下社會資本愈高，公民參與愈高；（三）線下社會資本愈高，網路參與愈高；（四）線上社會資本愈高，投票參與愈高；（五）線上社會資本愈高，公民參與愈高；（六）線上社會資本愈高，網路參與愈高。
本研究採用次級資料分析法，主要資料來源為〈臺灣傳播調查資料庫〉，其研究發現如下。首先，線下社會資本越高，公民參與和網路參與越高，此一結果與文獻相符，人民在現實生活中擁有越高的社會資本，越會提高公民參與和網路參與的意願。再者，無論是線下社會資本或是線上社會資本，對投票參與皆是無統計上的顯著關係，這也說明了社會資本並非影響投票參與的主要因素。最後，與假設相反，線上社會資本與網路參與為負相關，也就代表著擁有越多線上社會資本的人越不願意有網路參與。本文認為其原因是因為網路的便利性讓資訊隨手可得，但同時也讓許多消息真假難辨，所以線上社會資本高的人對於網路感到疲乏，進而不想參與其中。

In recent years, social capital has been a trending topic in economics, sociology, and political science. Similarly, political participation has always been the central point of discussion in democratic issues. With the rise of the Internet, it is worth exploring the different means to perform online and offline participation. As a result, this paper aims to uncover the effect of social capital on participation by forming six research hypotheses: (1) Offline social capital is positively related to voting; (2) Offline social capital is positively related to civic participation; (3) Offline social capital is positively related to online participation; (4) Online social capital is positively related to voting; (5) Online social capital is positively related to civic participation; and (6) Online social capital is positively related to online participation.
   A secondary analysis is performed on the data collected from the Taiwan Community Survey (TCS) and the findings are as follows. First, civic participation and online participation increase as social capital increases. This finding is consistent with existing work in the literature: with a higher social capital, citizens have a higher tendency to participate in voting and online political activities. Additionally, neither offline nor online social capital showed a statistically significant relationship with voting. This indicates that social capital is not the most important factor in deciding voting patterns and behaviors. Finally, contradictory to the hypotheses, online social capital is negatively related to online participation. In other words, individuals with higher social capital are less willing to participate online. A possible explanation is that while the Internet makes information more readily available, their validity becomes harder to verify. As a result, citizens with high online social capital might have grown tired of the Internet and are consequently less likely to be a part of it.

第一章 研究動機與目的	1
第二章 文獻檢閱	4
第一節 社會資本的定義	4
第二節 社會資本的測量方式	7
  第三節 社會資本與參與	9
  一、線下參與	10
  二、線上參與	12
  （一）、網路悲觀論	13
  （二）、網路樂觀論	13
第三章 研究方法	16
第一節 研究問題與假設	16
第二節 資料來源	16
第三節 變項說明	17
第四章 資料分析與討論	19
第一節 社會資本和參與現況	19
第二節 社會資本對參與的效果	24
第五章 結論	30
第一節 研究發現	30
第二節 研究限制	31
附錄、變項題目內容與編碼方式	33
參考文獻	38

表目錄
表一 線下社會資本/線上社會資本次數分配	20
表二 投票與次數分配	22
表三 公民餐與次數分配	22
表四 網路餐與次數分配	23
表五 影響投票參與的因素	24
表六 影響公民參與的因素	26
表七 影響網路參與的因素	28

圖目錄
主要變相關係圖	16

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