系統識別號 | U0002-2607201815095200 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2018.00851 |
論文名稱(中文) | 蒸餾塔操作導航系統建立 |
論文名稱(英文) | Development of a Navigation System for the Operation of Distillation Columns |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 106 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 107 |
研究生(中文) | 邱柏洲 |
研究生(英文) | Po-Chou Chiu |
學號 | 605400315 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2018-07-04 |
論文頁數 | 91頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
陳逸航(yihhang@mail.tku.edu.tw)
委員 - 張煖(nhchang@mail.tku.edu.tw) 委員 - 何宗仁 委員 - 陳逸航(yihhang@mail.tku.edu.tw) |
關鍵字(中) |
操作導引 蒸餾塔 分離 效率模式 |
關鍵字(英) |
Operational Guidance Distillation Column Separation efficiency model |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
工廠為符合製程或產品規格改變需針對蒸餾塔操作進行調整,然而操作人員主觀的判斷造成能源不必要的浪費,若能以操作導引系統建立客觀的操作依據,將能增加人員對於蒸餾塔的掌握,減少人為因素的不當操作。本研究之目標是在Excel-VBA平台上建立含板效率之蒸餾塔平衡模式,蒸餾塔板效率經由F.R.I的回歸效率模型取得,在不含複雜的質傳速率模型下,此模式可以反應出塔內因效能變化造成的影響。本研究已針對甲醇水溶液之蒸餾系統獨立撰寫,包括熱力學、氣液相物性、蒸餾塔數學模式,並利用Aspen Plus蒸餾塔平衡與速率模式進行模式的驗證,獲得非常接近的結果,未來將應用於現場操作之導引。 |
英文摘要 |
The operating conditions of distillation column has to be adjusted in order to meet the change of the process or product specifications. However, unnecessary energy waste may occur due to subjective judgments of operators. If operating guidelines based on accurate models can be established, the mastery of operators for the distillation column can be improved. This study is to build an equilibrium model of distillation columns with tray efficiency in the Excel-VBA platform for achieving that goal. Tray efficiencies of the column are obtained using the correlations from F.R.I. This approach allows the estimation of efficiencies without using complex rate-based models. The column model developed includes the MESH equations, thermodynamic phase equilibrium equations and physical property correlations. The model for a methanol-water distillation column has been established and verified using both equilibrium and rate-based models from Aspen Plus with very good agreement. This model will be implemented for guiding the on-site operation in the future. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第一章 實習簡介 1 1.1實習機構簡介 1 1.2實習內容概述 2 1.3實習心得與自我期許 5 第二章 緒論 6 2.1前言 6 2.2.1蒸餾塔計算方法 9 2.2.2構件質傳效率模型-規整填充物 11 2.3動機與目的 14 2.4產品及市場概況 14 2.5可行性及利基分析 15 2.6論文架構 15 第三章 蒸餾塔平衡模式建立 16 3.1蒸餾塔數學模式 17 3.2 熱力學模式 19 3.2.1相平衡常數計算 20 3.2.2熱焓計算 21 3.3 設計自由度分析 23 3.4蒸餾塔求解方法-內外演算法 25 3.4.1各迭代變量定義與MESH方程改寫 26 3.4.2蒸餾塔平衡模式之求解步驟 32 3.4.3布羅伊登法(Broyden method) 37 3.5操作介面建立 39 3.6蒸餾塔平衡模式驗證 44 3.6.1基本個案建立 44 3.6.2產品預測結果 45 3.6.3操作預測結果 46 3.6.4 蒸餾塔模式預測 48 第四章 規整填充塔效率模型建立 50 4.1 F.R.I構建質傳效率模型 50 4.1.1 理論板相當高度(HETP) 50 4.1.2莫非板效率(Murphree efficiency) 60 4.1.3 壓降 62 4.2物性計算 66 4.2.1密度計算(莫耳體積) 66 4.2.2黏度計算 67 4.2.3擴散係數計算 70 4.2.4表面張力計算 73 4.3填料的輸入介面 74 4.4 含效率模型之蒸餾塔內外演算法求解步驟 75 4.5 蒸餾塔效率模型驗證 81 4.5.1基本個案建立 81 4.5.2分段數對HETP影響 82 4.5.3 模式驗證結果 83 第五章 結論與未來展望 88 參考文獻 89 圖目錄 圖1. 1工業技術研究院光復院區大樓及實驗設施 1 圖1. 2旋風蒸發器與實驗藥品 3 圖1. 3 DWC蒸餾塔系統 4 圖1. 4 DWC蒸餾塔與附屬設備 4 圖1. 5批次蒸餾設備 5 圖2. 1化工業各能耗比例(工研院提供) 6 圖2. 2板式塔與填充塔內部構造簡圖 7 圖2. 3程式運行模式 14 圖3. 1蒸餾塔系統示意圖 16 圖3. 2蒸餾塔內外演算法之求解步驟 32 圖3. 3蒸餾塔條件設定介面 39 圖3. 4蒸餾塔猜值設定介面 41 圖3. 5模擬結果介面 41 圖3. 6各物流性質模擬結果介面 42 圖3. 7 OPC連接介面 43 圖3. 8甲醇水溶液蒸餾塔-產品預測 44 圖3. 9甲醇水溶液蒸餾塔-操作預測 45 圖3. 10蒸餾塔塔內溫度與組成分布-產品預測 46 圖3. 11蒸餾塔內部分溫度與組成分布-操作預測 47 圖3. 12進料組成變化之塔內分佈(a)溫度(b)液相組成(c)氣相組成 48 圖3. 13進料溫度變化之塔內分佈(a)溫度(b)液相組成(c)氣相組成 48 圖4. 1 系統圖與組成關係圖 53 圖4. 2填充高度與液相分佈關係示意圖 55 圖4. 3塔內返混效應示意圖 56 圖4. 4 由操作性能圖確定泛溢點 57 圖4. 5塔內駝峰效應示意圖 60 圖4. 6 塔內每段之填料高度 61 圖4. 7 各流速下之塔內示意圖 64 圖4. 8 填料資訊設定 74 圖4. 9各段填充床設定 74 圖4. 10含效率模型之蒸餾塔Inside-out方法之求解步驟 75 圖4. 11 BX填料蒸餾塔 81 圖4. 12各分段數之HETPavg 83 圖4. 13塔內氣液相負荷值 84 圖4. 14氣液相擴散係數 84 圖4. 15各板HETP數值 85 圖4. 16各板HTUL與HTUV數值 86 圖4. 17各板壓降 86 圖4. 18塔內分佈(a)溫度(b)液相組成(c)氣相組成 87 表目錄 表1. 1實習期間參與工作 2 表2. 1各類型蒸餾塔的適用情況 8 表2. 2各規整填充物的參數計算模型 12 表3. 1平衡常數中各參數數值 21 表3. 2熱焓中各參數數值 23 表3. 3獨立方程式與變數數目 25 表3. 4可選用條件與單位 40 表3. 5塔頂物流模擬結果 45 表3. 6塔底物流模擬結果 45 表3. 7冷凝器操作條件 46 表3. 8再沸器操作條件 46 表3. 9進料組成變化之冷凝器與再沸器操作條件 49 表3. 10進料溫度變化之冷凝器與再沸器操作條件 49 表4. 1 密度參數 67 表4. 2 黏度參數 69 表4. 3液相擴散係數參數 71 表4. 4氣相擴散係數參數 72 表4. 5 表面張力參數 73 表4. 6 BX填料資訊 82 |
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