近年都市化導致熱島效應越嚴重，綠屋頂對環境的效益多，緩解熱島效應為其中一項，但對於綠屋頂逕流水水質之研究較不足，所以本研究自行建置綠屋頂模型，使用三種植物(玫瑰景天、波士頓腎蕨與六月雪)及三種生長基層(陽明山土、輕質土與混合土)，探討植物及生長基層種類對逕流水水質與植物生長之影響。實驗期間為2015年10月30日至2016年5月31日，為期七個月，累積共收集八次降雨事件之水樣，分析植物生長及水質，水質項目包括pH值、懸浮固體(SS)硝酸鹽氮(NO3--N)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、正磷酸鹽(PO43--P)、總磷(TP)以及化學需氧量(COD)。此外，以雨量計量測降雨量，混合土由陽明山土與廢玻璃以3：1混合配製之。
結果顯示，8次降雨事件之降雨量範圍為29 至 64 mm植物生長情形玫瑰景天生長最好，波士頓腎蕨次之，最差的為六月雪，生長速率平均分別為0.053 cm/day、0.097 cm/day、0.043 cm/day，其中又以輕質土生長最好。輕質土中有機物及氮磷含量最高，且其容積密度最低、孔隙率最高，有較好的通透性。以水質項目分析，不論何種生長基層及植物皆有將雨水中和的效果，pH平均值由5.7上升至8.2。此外，在不同生長基層中硝酸鹽氮、TP及COD濃度為輕質土最高，混合土次之，陽明山土最低；硝酸鹽氮濃度分別為2.55 mg/L、1.19 mg/L、0.99 mg/L；TP分別為3.87 mg/L、0.17 mg/L、0.11 mg/L；COD分別為86.1 mg/L、17.8 mg/L、15.4 mg/L。SS與硝酸鹽氮於不同植物中有明顯的差異，SS於六月雪、玫瑰景天與波士頓腎蕨平均分別為199 mg/L、407 mg/L、448 mg/L，六月雪最低；硝酸鹽氮濃度為玫瑰景天最低，其平均分別為3.03 mg/L、0.63 mg/L、1.08 mg/L。整體來說，此研究綜合水質及植物生長情形結果為玫瑰景天搭配陽明山土逕流水水質濃度最低。

In recent, urbanization leads the more serious of the heat island effect. Green roofs have multiple environmental benefits, one of benefits is to alleviate the heat island effect, but the information related with runoff water quality of green roofs has not cleared yet. In the present study, experimental containers with 3 substrates (Yangmingshan soil, Light soil, Mix soil) and 3 plant species (Sedum nussbaumerianum hyb (Se); Nephrolepis exaltata Schott (Ne) and Serissa foetida (Sf)) were constructed.  This study investigated the effect of substrates and plant species on runoff water quality and plant growth rate. The data were collected from 8 real rainfall events to analyze the runoff water quality and measure plants grown in different substrates. The water quality analysis includes pH, suspended solid (SS), nitrate (NO3--N), ammonia (NH4+-N), orthophosphate (PO43--P), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Furthermore, rainfall was measured by rain gauge meter. Mix soil was prepared by mixing Yangmingshan soil with waste glass at a ratio of 3:1.
The results show that the rainfall ranged from 29 to 64 mm during 8 rainfall events. The plant growth rate of Sedum nussbaumerianum hyb (Se), Nephrolepis exaltata Schott (Ne) and Serissa foetida (Sf) were 0.053 cm/day, 0.097 cm/day, 0.043 cm/day, respectively, and those were the best grown in the Light Soil. Light Soil has the highest in organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus content, and the lowest bulk density, the highest porosity and has a good permeability. The water quality result showed that the acid rain was neutralized in every plant species and substrates, pH average value from 5.7 to 8.2. The nitrate, TP and COD concentration was the highest in Light Soil. The nitrate concentration in Light Soil, Mix Soil (Yangmingshan soil mixed with waste glass at ratio of 3:1) and Yangmingshan soil were 2.55 mg/L, 1.19 mg/L and 0.99 mg/L, respectively. The TP concentration in Light Soil, Mix Soil and Yangmingshan soil were 3.87 mg/L, 0.17 mg/L and 0.11 mg/L, respectively. The COD concentration in Light Soil, Mix Soil and Yangmingshan soil were 86.1 mg/L, 17.8 mg/L and 15.4 mg/L, respectively. The SS and the nitrate concentration have the significant differences in the different plant species, the SS average concentration in Sf, Se and Ne were 199 mg/L, 407 mg/L and 448 mg/L, respectively. The nitrate average concentration in Sf, Se and Ne were 3.03 mg/L, 0.63 mg/L and 1.08 mg/L, respectively. It is concluded that the Sedum nussbaumerianum hyb with Yangmingshan soil has the best runoff water quality and plant growth rate.

目錄
目錄	I
表目錄	III
圖目錄	IV
第一章、	前言	1
1.1	研究緣起	1
1.2	研究目的	3
第二章、	文獻回顧	4
2.1	綠屋頂系統介紹	4
2.1.1 綠屋頂的結構	4
2.1.2 綠屋頂的類型	6
2.2	逕流水量與水質	7
2.2.1 水量	7
2.2.2 水質	9
2.3	生長基質之重要性	11
2.4	植栽種類之重要性	13
第三章、	實驗方法與設計	15
3.1	實驗容器與結構	15
3.2	生長基質	17
3.2.1生長基質粒徑分析實驗	19
3.2.2土壤容積密度與孔隙率	19
3.3	植栽種類	20
3.4	水質分析項目與分析方法	24
3.4.1懸浮固體物(SS)	26
3.4.2氨氮(NH4+-N)	27
3.4.3硝酸鹽氮(NO3--N)	28
3.4.4正磷酸鹽(PO43--P)、總磷(TP)	29
3.4.5化學需氧量(COD)	30
第四章、	結果與討論	31
4.1生長基層物理及化學特性	31
4.1.1粒徑	31
4.1.2容積密度與孔隙率	33
4.1.3生長基層化學成分	34
4.2降雨事件	35
4.3植物生長情形	37
4.4水質分析結果	42
4.4.1pH	44
4.4.2懸浮固體(SS)	46
4.4.3硝酸鹽氮(NO3--N)	49
4.4.4氨氮(NH4+-N)	52
4.4.5正磷酸鹽(PO43--P)	54
4.4.6總磷(TP)	56
4.4.7化學需氧量(COD)	59
第五章、	結論與建議	61
5.1結論	61
5.2建議	62
文獻回顧	63

 
表目錄
表 2.1 綠屋頂種類比較	6
表2.2 綠屋頂水質研究文獻整理	10
表3.1 成分表	17
表3.4 國內常見綠屋頂植栽	23
表4.1 生長基層容積密度與孔隙率	33
表4.2 生長基層成分	34
表4.3 降雨事件	36
表4.4雨水水質分析結果	36
表4.5陽明山土植物生長情形	38
表4.6輕質土植物生長情形	39
表4.7混合土植物生長情形	39
表4.8 各名稱項目代碼表	39
表4.9陽明山土水質分析結果平均值	42
表4.10輕質土水質分析結果平均值	42
表4.11混合土水質分析結果平均值	43
 
圖目錄
圖 2.1 綠屋頂結構示意圖(綠屋頂綠化手冊)	4
圖3.1 實驗容器及濾網	16
圖3.2 生長基質固定深度10公分	16
圖3.3 生長基層種類	18
圖3.4混合土配比	18
圖3.5 玫瑰景天	21
圖3.6 波士頓腎蕨	21
圖3.7 六月雪	21
圖3.8實驗位置照片(種植3個月)	22
圖3.9 流程圖	25
圖3.10 氨氮濃度與吸光值之檢量線	27
圖3.11硝酸鹽氮濃度與吸光值之檢量線	28
圖3.12 磷濃度與吸光值之檢量線	29
圖4.1 生長基層粒徑分布圖	32
圖4.2 實驗期間降雨量統計圖	35
圖4.3 種植七個月後植物生長圖	40
圖4.4 植物生長速率	41
圖4.5 pH盒鬚圖	45
圖4.6 pH值時間變化圖	45
圖4.7 SS盒鬚圖	46
圖4.8 SS濃度時間變化圖	47
圖4.9 玫瑰景天種植在混合土中(七個月後)	48
圖4.10 硝酸鹽氮盒鬚圖	51
圖4.11硝酸鹽氮濃度時間變化圖	51
圖4.12 氨氮盒鬚圖	53
圖4.13 氨氮濃度時間變化圖	53
圖4.14 正磷酸鹽盒鬚圖	55
圖4.15 正磷酸鹽濃度時間變化圖	55
圖4.16 總磷盒鬚圖	57
圖4.17 總磷濃度時間變化圖	58
圖4.18 COD盒鬚圖	59
圖4.19 COD濃度時間變化圖	60

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