由於物聯網(IoT)技術的快速發展，衍生出了工業4.0、智慧醫療、智慧居家等的智慧化服務。為了要使這些智慧化的服務可以準確的實行並可行在我們生活之中，最重要的是需要有可以與各種上層網路協議相容的低功耗鏈結層技術。要求低功耗的目的是因為物聯網的裝置都需要運行很長的時間一旦能源耗盡服務即失去了功用。而現階段比較讓大家熟悉的低功耗無線傳輸技術為 ZigBee和藍牙。為了管理裝置我們會對所有裝置配置IP的數字標籤，而因為IPv4的數量幾乎用光了，所以IPv6技術將會取代成為用來識別裝置的依據。
    然而目前的智慧型手機多半支援藍牙低功耗的傳輸，而ZigBee 卻沒有手機端的服務，所以近期藍牙低功耗在物聯網中得到了極大的關注。在2015年的年底，IETF提出了RFC7668的標準來運行 IPv6 over BLE。而除了IPv6在藍牙上的運行之外，網狀網路的建置也是許多人相當的關注的一項技術，在藍牙官方還沒有提出網狀網路的規範之前，已經有許多人開發出自己的方法，直到藍牙的官方在2017年7月藍牙官方終於發布了藍牙網狀網路的規範；有了網狀網路再結合上IPv6，物聯網的概念將能逐漸得被實現出來，再加上2016年12月藍牙所推出的藍牙5.0，能夠支援更廣的傳輸範圍、更快的傳輸速度以及更大的資料傳輸量，將來藍牙必定能超越目前其他的無線網路傳輸技術。
   本實作將會建立一個網狀網路，將IPv6位址的首碼設置在其中一個節點上，再利用IPv6的自動組態機制將首碼廣播給在該網狀網路裡的節點，讓收到的節點根據自身的MAC Address來產生出一組Global Address，但由於目前的技術限制，我們的首碼傳送會在應用層上完成。

The rapid development of IoT technologies has fostered many intelligent services such as Industry 4.0, smart healthcare, and smart home. The operations of these intelligent services rely on the underlying low-power link-layer technologies because IoT devices are expected to run for a long time. If IoT devices run out of power quickly, the intelligent services also stop running. 
Nowadays the popular low-power wireless link-layer technologies are ZigBee and Bluetooth. Moreover, IoT devices need to be identified by an address. Since the IPv4 address has been depleted, the IPv6 address will be used to identify the IoT devices. Although the ZigBee technology has been quite popular in constructing IoT environments, users are unable to interact with the ZigBee-based IoT devices using their smartphones. By contrast, smartphones are universally equipped with the Bluetooth interface, so building IoT environments using the Bluetooth technology has been gaining significant attention in recent years. IETF RFC7668, proposed in late 2015, specifies the standard of IPv6 over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). However, it can only support the star topology. In July 2017, the Bluetooth SIG published the first official mesh specification. With the latest Bluetooth 5.0 technology that supports longer range and faster transmission rate, we believe that Bluetooth has the potential of being a major player in IoT infrastructure. Nevertheless, the specification of IPv6 over BLE mesh network is yet to be standardized in order to make IoT devices accessible through the Internet. 
Therefore, in this thesis we try to build a prototype of IPv6 over BLE mesh network using Bluetooth development boards that support the official mesh protocol. Specifically, a node plays the role of a 6LoWPAN Border Router (6LBR) to distribute an IPv6 prefix to other nodes in the Bluetooth mesh network. In the experimental mesh network, a node playing the role of a 6LoWPAN Router (6LR) is responsible for relaying the IPv6 prefix to other 6LoWPAN Nodes (6LNs). When either 6LR or 6LN receives the IPv6 prefix, they will automatically generate a global IPv6 address based on their own MAC address. Note that the current mesh specification does not support the IP protocol stack, so in our prototype the operation of IP address generation is implemented at the application layer.

目錄
第 1 章 緒論	1
1.1	研究動機與背景	1
1.2   研究目的	2
第 2 章 研究相關技術與應用	4
2.1	低功耗藍牙(Bluetooth Low Energy)	4
2.1.1  GAP&GATT	6
2.2	6LoWPAN	10
2.3	BLE Network Topology	12
2.4	實際應用	19
2.5   技術比較	20
第 3 章 實驗架構	22
3.1	實驗說明	22
3.2	實驗架構圖	23
3.2.1  配發過程	24
3.2.2  代傳機制	26
3.3	實驗工具	27
3.4	系統作業流程	28
第 4 章 實作與功能展示	31
4.1	實驗環境	31
4.2	專案建置	33
4.3	網狀網路節點配發	35
4.4	執行結果	39
4.5	耗能與封包分析	41
第 5 章 結論與未來展望	44
5.1	結論	44
5.2	未來展望	44
參考文獻	46
附錄 ─ 英文論文	48

 
圖目錄
圖 2 1  傳統藍牙與BLE堆疊比較	5
圖 2 2  GAP&GATT	6
圖 2 3  GAP廣播流程	7
圖 2 4  GATT網路拓樸	8
圖 2 5  GATT通訊方式	9
圖 2 6  GATT結構	9
圖 2 7  星狀拓樸	13
圖 2 8  Mesh堆疊	14
圖 2 9  Mesh與BLE關係圖	15
圖 2 10  網路層位址分配	16
圖 2 11  下層傳輸層封包切割與重組	17
圖 2 12  Mesh Topology	19
圖 3 1  實驗架構圖	23
圖 3 2  配發過程	24
圖 3 3  配發步驟	25
圖 3 4  SLWSTK6000B開發版	27
圖 3 5  資料傳送方式	29
圖 3 6  MAC Address 轉換 Interface ID流程	30
圖 4 1  實驗一節點分布圖	32
圖 4 2  實驗二節點分布圖	32
圖 4 3  SDK選取	33
圖 4 4  應用選擇	34
圖 4 5  開發介面	35
圖 4 6  掃描裝置	36
圖 4 7  節點參數設置	37
圖 4 8  已配發裝置	38
圖 4 9  初始化訊息	39
圖 4 10  6LBR節點結果	39
圖 4 11  接收端訊息	40
圖 4 12  實驗一封包(一)	41
圖 4 13  實驗一封包(二)	41
圖 4 14  實驗二封包	42

 
表目錄
表 2 1  技術規格比較	21
表 4 1  耗能分析(單位:mA)	43

[1]	PCB邁入智慧製造時代 https://money.udn.com/money/story/8944
/3105374 , Apr 25,2018
[2]	GAP&GATT https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/getting-started
-with/9781491900550/ch01.html , Jul 15, 2015
[3]	GAP 廣播流程 https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/assigned
-numbers/generic-access-profile , Jul 15,2015
[4]	GATT 拓樸 https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt/generic-
attributes-overview  , Jul 15 ,2015
[5]	GATT通訊方式 https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt, Jul 15,2015
[6]	GATT Service https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt/services last accessed Jul.18 ,2018
[7]	星狀拓樸 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7668 Oct,2015 ,last accessed JUL.18 ,2018
[8]	AODV, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3561 ,Jul 2003
[9]	RPL, T. Lee, M. Lee, H. Kim and S. Bahk, "A Synergistic Architecture for RPL over BLE," 2016 13th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON), London, 2016, pp. 1-9.
[10]	IPSP https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-6lo-blemesh-00.html 9,Apr,2016
[11]	鄰居發現協議 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4861#page-10 ,last accessed Jul.18 ,2018
[12]	BLE與Mesh關係圖 http://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/index.jsp?
topic=%2Fcom.nordic.infocenter.meshsdk.v1.0.0%2Fmd_doc_introduction_basic_concepts.html ,last accessed Jul.18 ,2018
[13]	Mesh Profile https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/
mesh-specifications , Jul 13 2017
[14]	Managed Flooding https://www.bluetooth.com/bluetooth-technolog
y/topology-options/le-mesh/mesh-glossary#flooding , last accessed Jul.18 ,2018
[15]	IPv6 Mesh over BLUETOOTH(R) Low Energy using IPSPdraft-ietf-6lo-blemesh-03 https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-6lo-
blemesh-03 , Sep 10, 2017