自羅馬和希臘時代以來，自然一直是建築元素靈感的來源，其流暢的曲線和有機形態帶來優美的構圖與結構。1900年代的演進過程中，自然的紋理已經被廣泛的使用，而奧地利的阿道夫‧洛斯則宣稱做為裝飾的設計是罪惡的。關於自然紋理的部份，本研究可幫助我們發現自然環境與建築之間可能的相互關係。受到大衛韋德《Li》一書的啟發，本論文選擇了16個中國文字，這些文字與水都有深切關係及象徵意義。由於字元素的意義相近，使得它們每個元素彼此之間的關係可被歸類在一起，而這是中文裡所謂的會意字（六書之一）。

根據中國文字的造字原則，單字結構由基本元素組成，被稱之為部首。象形文字不僅象徵字的狀態也表達其意義，相同部首的字之間也有著相似性。中國文字可以讓我們根據部首去追朔其造字起源及演進過程。論文中，每個中國字被再現成為一系列關於其名詞或動詞的照片。在特定時間點捕捉瞬間特殊的流體動力學現象。在二維圖形中我們察覺到這些迷人的圖案模式是來自於流體動力學對於時間和能量之間的直接關係。這些被定篩選過的圖樣模式被放大，重新定義並且重新 組構來再現其最佳的狀態。這些二維圖像源自於一系列的照片與圖像化的向量線條，這些圖解示意圖一部份是由Rhinoceros所製作，而另一部份則是透過參數化設計工具－Rhinoceros的插件Grasshopper所處理，再從16個字符中選出其中的4個，以實體建造組織的方式來表現其所象徵的狀態，其中涉及中國文字的起源（象徵其狀態的表現）。透過這項研究中所搜集得到的知識，將沫、灑、溶和浪這四個與水相關的文字轉譯為四個與建築設計相關的項目。

本論文著重水形態分析後的設計實驗，透過對於16種代表水不同狀態的文字與其所代表的不同再現意義的設計研究：象徵式，圖像式和類比式，研究過程中理解到動態圖像不僅侷限於二維圖像的意義詮釋而已。本論文的設計成果滿足了將一系列水動態模型分析並且構加以造化的企圖心。

Nature has been the origin of architectural pattern since the Roman and Greek. Its smooth curve and organic form brought aesthetic to the plain surface and orthogonal structure. The pattern of nature has been utilized to an extend that during the evolution in the 1900s, Austrian Adolf Loos stated it as ornament is crime. Besides, speaking of nature pattern, this search investigates possible interrelations between our natural environment and architecture. 

Intrigued by David Wade’s book of Li, I selected sixteen Chinese characters that have significance of water as their meaning element and a descriptive element adjacent to make each of them categorized as associative compounds (one of the six categories of Chinese characters). Not only for its symbolic meaning but also the resemblance between the dynamic and its composition. Based on the principle of the making of Chinese characters, the structure consists fundamental radicals, also known as section headers. In another word, the radical of Chinese characters allows us to trace back its origin and dynamic. Each of the sixteen Chinese characters is represented in a series of photographs, whether it is a noun or verb. Capturing the phenomenon of the specific fluid dynamic during the moment of action. The fascinating pattern forms, we perceived in the two dimensional graphics, fluid dynamics have an immediate relationship with time and energy. Theses pattern forms are magnified and redefined into configurations that best articulate their dynamics.  Two dimensional diagrams were inspired from the series of photographs, and driven from the iconic vector line drawing. A series of diagrams are produced by Rhinoceros and some are also generated through parametric design tool: grasshopper. Four out of the sixteen characters are chosen to made into models that are considered as diagram machines to produce symbolic diagrams, which relates back to the origin Chinese characters (symbolic representation of the dynamics). In combine of the knowledge I gathered from this research, the four diagram machine of the water dynamic of foam, spray, dissolve and wave are translated into four building projects.

The thesis is rather analytical than experimental. Through the research of sixteen water dynamics and their different types of representation: symbolic, iconic, and analogical, the dynamic patterns I have seen no longer stand for a simple two dimensional graphic meaning. The design outcomes fulfilled the ambition of structuring the series of analytical representation in water dynamics.

Acknowledgement
Abstract
CHAPTER I	INTRODUCTION
1.1	Thesis Motivations	1
1.1.1	Personal and Academic Experience	1
1.1.2	Inspiration from A+U: Cecil Balmond	1
1.1.3	Resemblances between the Nature and the Built 	2
1.1.4	Architecture versus Environment	2
1.1.5	Integrating Nature Pattern with Computational Design	3
1.1.6	Digital Organism	3
1.2	Thesis Objectives	4
1.2.1	Studies of Natural Pattern and its Organization	4
1.2.2	Observations on Bio-mimicry and its Adaptation	4
1.2.3	Designing Patterns in Living Contexts	4
1.3	Related Fields	5
1.4	Thesis Contents & Structure	6
1.5	Contributions	7
CHAPTER II		LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1	Precedent Studies	9
2.1.1.	Marsyas	9
2.1.2.	Park Pergola - Maximapark	10
2.1.3.	Material Strategies in Urban Design	10
2.1.4.	HyperCataluna	11
2.2	Related Architects	12
2.2.1	N-E-R-V-O-U-S System	12
2.2.2	Tomas Saraceno	12
2.3	Related Readings	13
2.3.1.	Frei Otto, Bodo Rasch: Finding Form	13
2.3.2.	The Self-Made Tapestry- Pattern formation in Nature	14
2.3.3.	Li: Dynamic Form in Nature	16
2.3.4.	NOX: Machining Architecture	17
2.3.5.	A+U: Cecil Balmond	17
2.3.6.	Occupying and Connecting	18
2.4	Related Theory	19
2.4.1.	Parametricism	19
CHAPTER III	Water Morphology
3.1	Introduction	23
3.1.1	Preface	23
3.2	Dynamics of fluid	23
3.2.1	Fluid in Chinese Characters & their significance 	23
3.2.2	Graphic Inspirations - the selected sixteen Chinese characters	40
3.2.2.1	In Photography	40
3.2.2.2	In Drawing	56
3.2.3	Diagrams inspired by the Graphics and the Drawings	66
CHAPTER IV	Design Application
4.1	Analogical models	75
4.1.1 	Foam	75
4.1.2 	Spray	75
4.1.3 	Dissolve	75
4.1.4 	Wave	75
4.2	Project Location	88
4.2.1 	Site	88
4.3	Concept	90
4.3.1 	Foam - Structure	90
4.3.2 	Spray - Rhythm	90
4.3.3 	Dissolve - Density	91
4.3.4 	Wave - Form	91
CHAPTER V		Conclusion
5.1	Introduction to the conclusion	100
5.2	Contributions	100
5.3	Methodology, Scope and Future Research	100

Illustrations
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Figure 1.1:(left) Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2002. 
(right) Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2005.
Figure 1.2: Tree vs. columns, of Sagrada Familia Cathedral & Park Guell. 
Figure 1.3: (top to bottom) A prototype for an environmental screen – the work is inspired by fractal patterns found in nature. Beast chaise lounge designed by Neri Oxman – 3D object providing multiple seating positions.
Figure 1.4: Designs inspired by nature.
Figure 1.5: (left to right) Night scene of National Stadium & National Aquatics Center, Beijin, China. Core Hydraulic Integrated Arboury Panel, London, designed by Norman Foster.
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
Figure 2.1: Construction sequence &  symphony performance. 
Figure 2.2: Expected result of the pergola. 
Figure 2.3: (bottom left to right)Material studies investigating synthetic landscaping and geo-forming; plan of new topographical landform at Randall’s Island; composite drawing showing land-forming strategies along the edges of NYC’s East River; accretion model.
Figure 2.4: Landscape of Cataluna & rendering.
Figure 2.5:Examples of the range of interior network patterns.
Figure 2.6: (left to right) Biennale's main pavilion, Galaxies Forming along Filaments, Like Droplets along the Strands of a Spider's Web (2008). On Space Time Foam in HangarBicocca, Milano. In Orbit at K21 Standenhaus, Dusseldorf. 
Figure 2.7: (left to right) Societies on a 200x200 lattice after 200generations that started with 10% cooperators, 90% defectors. Qualitative comparison between the actual urban data and the proposed model.-Berlin: 3 steps of the growth with time of Berlin and surrounding town. Correlated percolation model: Dynamical urban simulations of the proposed model. 
Figure 2.8: (right) Rivas. (two in a set, clockwise from left) Concentra, Retiform, Vasculum, Crackle, Fracture, Brancha, Polygonal, Cellular. 
Figure 2.9: NOX, Wet String Tower Diagram (after dipping in liquid).
Figure 2.10:  Frei Otto, Bodo Rasch: Finding Form
Figure 2.11:The Self-Made Tapestry- Pattern formation in Nature
Figure 2.12: The Self-Made Tapestry- Pattern formation in Nature.
Figure 2.13: Occupying and Connecting: Thoughts on Territories and Spheres of Influence with Particular Reference to Human Settlement.
CHAPTER III
Water Morphology
Figure 3.1: (a) to (d) Variations in lamella frames.
Figure 3.2: Frames (a)-(j) show the progression of the bubble evolution; the emitted sound is plotted on the right in each frame. The drop diameter is 3 mm, and its velocity at impact is 2 m/s. No sound or bubble is produced at drop impact (b). The bubble first appears in (g), just as sound emission sets in.
Figure 3.3: Light through the mist by Rhys Herbert
Figure 3.4: A splash after half a brick hits the water.
Figure 3.5: The drop was of milk, 7.36 mm. in diameter, and fell 100 cm. into water.
Figure 3.6: A diagram of water cohesion.
Figure 3.7: Sequential images indicative of temporal evolution of the impact drop on different surfaces. The water drop is shown (from left to right) before impact, at maximum spreading, in the intermediate stage of retraction, and after departing from the solid surface. The impact velocity was set at 0.54 m/s. The scale bar is 2 mm. The same magnification applies to parts (a)-(d) and is larger than that for part (e).
Figure 3.8: The difference between soluble and insoluble compounds. When a soluble compound dissolves, its constituent atoms, molecules, or ions disperse throughout the solvent (left). In contrast, the constituents of an insoluble compound remain associated with one another in the solid (right).
Figure 3.9 & 3.10: Linear ripples like these are made by well-organized waves or by steady currents that alternate with the tides. 
Figure 3.11: Current-formed and asymmetrical wave formed ripple marks from a beach in North Carolina. Because sediment is carried up the gentler slope and dumped down the steeper side, the current flowed from the upper left to the lower right.
Figure 3.12: (top to bottom) A cascade fall. Punchbowl Falls at Eagle Creek, Ore.
Figure 3.13: The Bernoulli Equation can be considered to be a statement of the conservation of energy principle appropriate for flowing fluids. (top)The reduction in pressure which occurs when the fluid speed increases.
Figure 3.14: These images are taken from a painting instruction manual compiled in the late seventeenth century. (From: M.M. Sze (ed.) (1977), The Mustard Seed Garden of Painting. 
Figure 3.15: (left top to bottom) At low Reynolds number, the streamlines simply bend around the obstacle. At higher Re, circulating vortices appear behind the cylinder. These grow with increasing Re, until they become highly elongated.
Figure 3.16: (left) Shear flows, one with layers of fluid move past one another at different speeds (a) and one extreme with two layers of fluid moving in two opposite directions (b). This pushes together curves on the convex side of the disturbance over the ‘peaks’ and pulls them apart on the concave side, in the dips (c). Based on Bernoulli’s principle, this sets up a pressure imbalance (d, verticle arrows) at these points, which pushes the peaks outwards.
Figure 3.17: Spherical particles in water. (a) Heavier-than-water hydrophobic spheres. The meniscus between the spheres is below the undisturbed level. Assuming that the contact angle remains fixed, the horizontal component of capillary force moves them toward each other. (b) Lighter-than-water hydrophilic spheres will rise into the elevated section of the meniscus and come together.
Figure 3.18: Pattern formation of neutrally buoyant copolymer spheres d = 1mm cluster. 
Figure 3.19: Deep-water waves are formed from particles moving in circles.
Figure 3.20: Diagrams of wave motion and depth. A floating object is observed to move in perfect circles when waves oscillate harmoniously sinus-like in deep water. If that object hovered in the water, like a water particle, it would be moving along diminishing circles, when placed deeper in the water. At a certain depth, the object would stand still. This is the wave's base, precisely half the wave's length. Thus long waves (ocean swell) extend much deeper down than short waves (chop). Waves with 100 metres between crests are common and could just stir the bottom down to a depth of 50m. 
Figure 3.21: Permeability is a property that has the floor to transmit water and air in addition to that is one of the most important properties.
Figure 3.22: The relationship between the SAR(sodium adsorption ration) of the irrigation water and probable ESP(exchangeable sodium percentage) of the soil, as well as interpretation. 
Figure 3.23 -26: Photographs of foam.
Figure 3.27 -31: Photographs of bubble.
Figure 3.32 -33: Photographs of mist.
Figure 3.34 -38: Photographs of spray.
Figure 3.39 -41: Photographs of splash.
Figure 3.42 -45: Photographs of cohesion.
Figure 3.46 -50: Photographs of droplet.
Figure 3.51 -55: Photographs of dissolve.
Figure 3.56 -59: Photographs of ripple.
Figure 3.60 -63: Photographs of fall.
Figure 3.64 -66: Photographs of flow.
Figure 3.67 -70: Photographs of swirl.
Figure 3.71 -76: Photographs of curve.
Figure 3.77 -83: Photographs of float.
Figure 3.84 -87: Photographs of wave.
Figure 3.88- 93: Photographs of permeate.
Figure 3.94:  Above (left to right), a plan and two sections are digitally produced foam diagrams.
Figure 3.95:  Above, the density of foam diagrams increases from left to right. The shape of each unit varies from top to bottom.
Figure 3.96:  Above (top and bottom), two plans and two sections are digitally produced bubble diagrams.
Figure 3.97:  Above, diagrams generated by Metaball and Voronoi.
Figure 3.98:  Right, two plans and a section are digitally produced mist diagrams.
Figure 3.99:  Right (top to bottom), two plans and two sections are digitally produced spray diagrams.
Figure 3.100:  (top to bottom)Three plans and two sections are digitally produced splash diagrams.
Figure 3.101: Above (left to right), two plans and two sections are digitally produced cohesion diagrams.
Figure 3.102: Left (top to bottom), two plans and three sections are digitally produced droplet diagrams.
Figure 3.103A: Left, two digitally produced diagrams of plan in dissolving.
Figure 3.103B: Above, two digitally produced diagrams of section in dissolving.
Figure 3.104: Above, two digitally produced diagrams of plan and section in ripple.
Figure 3.105: Above, two digitally produced diagrams of section and plan in falling .
Figure 3.106: Above (from left to right), two digitally produced diagrams of plan and one of section in flowing.
Figure 3.107: Left (top to bottom), two digitally produced diagrams of plan and section in swirling.
Figure 3.108: Above, the geometry of swirl diagrams varies from left to right. The shape of rotating center influences the curvature of the phenomenon.
Figure 3.109: Above, three digitally produced diagrams of plan and two of section in curve.
Figure 3.110A: Below, two digitally produced diagrams of plan and a series of triangulate parametric pattern of floating.
Figure 3.110B: Left, two digitally produced diagrams of section in floating.
Figure 3.111: Left (top to bottom), three digitally produced diagrams of plan and  section in wave. Bottom, the geometry of wave diagrams varies from left to right. 
Figure 3.112: Above (top to bottom), two digitally produced diagrams of plan and  section in permeating. 
CHAPTER IV
Design Application
Figure 4.1A: (top to bottom) Perspective, front view and side view of foam. 
Figure 4.1B: (following page) Decomposing the making of model- foam. 
Figure 4.2A: (top to bottom) Perspective, front view and side view of dissolve. 
Figure 4.2B: (following page) Decomposing the making of model- dissolve. 
Figure 4.3A: (top to bottom) Perspective, front view and side view of wave. 
Figure 4.3B: (following page) Decomposing the making of model- wave. 
Figure 4.3C: (following page) Parametric design inspired by wave. 
Figure 4.4A: (top to bottom) Perspective, front view and side view of spray. 
Figure 4.4: (following page) Illustration of the relative site location in Taipei City.
Figure 4.5: Above, Site plan of DaJia Riverside park.
Figure 4.6A: Above, The diagram of the project inspired by the dynamic of foam.
Figure 4.6B: Top, section of the building inspired by dynamic of foam.
Figure 4.7A: From left to bottom right, top view, elevation and roof plan of the project inspired by the dynamic of spray.
Figure 4.7B: Top, section of the building inspired by dynamic of spray.
Figure 4.8A: Above (top to bottom), from pattern to form of the project inspired by the dynamic of dissolve.
Figure 4.8B: Top, section of the building inspired by dynamic of dissolve.
Figure 4.9A: Left (top to bottom), elevations of the unrolled building roof, dividing walls between the interior spaces, building form, transluscent building form, and elevation of the project inspired by the dynamic of wave. 
Figure 4.9B: Top, section of the building inspired by dynamic of wave.

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