本研究目的為設計以金屬3D列印技術製造之中型無人機螺旋槳，並針對這種尺寸的螺旋槳建立一套以計算流體力學分析其性能的方法。先以CAD軟體設計一16 in螺旋槳，利用CFD軟體對其進行飛行時的流場分析。吾人採用CATIA進行外型設計，透過ANSYS Fluent進行流場模擬，調整不同飛行速度、不同螺旋槳轉速，模擬在各前進比(advance ratio)下的性能與流場，期望了解螺旋槳之效率，為無人機螺旋槳提供設計之選擇。
　　模擬結果顯示在低前進比(0.2～0.5)，也就是目標條件下時，螺旋槳效率表現良好；當前進比大於0.5以上時，效率提升趨緩，表現相對不好，在前進比為0.591時效率達到最高0.668。

The purpose of this study was to design a UAV propeller using metal 3D printing technology, and establish a method of computational fluid dynamics to analyze the performance of the propeller. Firstly, a 16-inch propeller was designed with CAD software, and simulated the flow field during flight with CFD software. Using CATIA for exterior design, CFD simulation through ANSYS Fluent, adjust different flight speeds, different propeller speeds, simulate performance and flow field for each advance ratio, expect to know the efficiency of the propeller and offer a choice of design.
Simulation results show that the propeller efficiency is good at low advance ratio (0.2~0.5), which is the target condition; when advance ratio is higher than 0.5, the efficiency improvement is slow, the performance is relatively poor. The efficiency is highest to 0.668 when the advance ratio is 0.591.

目錄
目錄	iii
圖目錄	v
表目錄	vii
符號說明	viii
第 1 章 緒論	1
1.1 前言	1
1.2 文獻回顧	1
1.3 螺旋槳發展現況	4
1.4 研究動機與目的	6
1.5 3D列印螺旋槳之優缺點	7
1.6 論文大鋼	8
第 2 章 螺旋槳基礎理論	9
2.1 簡介	9
2.2 螺旋槳基本理論	9
2.2.1 螺旋槳基本原理	9
2.2.2 無因次化參數	10
2.3 設計參數介紹	11
2.3.1 螺旋槳的幾何特性	11
2.3.2 螺旋槳設計基礎	16
2.4 以3D列印為基礎之設計構想	17
2.5 預期困難與解決辦法	17
第 3 章 研究方法	20
3.1 簡介	20
3.2 無人機3D列印螺旋槳之初步設計	20
3.2.1 輪轂設計	20
3.2.2 葉片設計	22
3.3 網格產生	26
3.3.1 模型建立及邊界條件	26
3.3.2 網格類型	26
3.3.3 網格設定	27
3.4 控制方程式	30
3.4.1 連續方程式 (質量守恆方程式)	30
3.4.2 動量方程式	30
3.5 數值方法	31
3.5.1 求解方法設定	31
3.5.2 螺旋槳旋轉模擬方法	32
3.5.3 螺旋槳性能比較	32
第 4 章 結果與討論	34
4.1 簡介	34
4.2 數值模擬驗證	34
4.3 網格獨立性分析	38
4.4 性能分析比較	39
4.5 與APC螺旋槳性能比較	42
第 5 章 結果與未來展望	43
5.1 結論	43
5.2 未來展望	44
 
圖目錄
圖 1 1 APC公司塑膠螺旋槳(16x10)司,12x8)	5
圖 1 2 T-MOTOR公司碳纖維螺旋槳(27x8.1)	6
圖 1 3 選擇性雷射熔融示意圖	7
圖 2 1 槳葉剖面的合成速度示意圖	10
圖 2 2 S1210翼型示意圖 [27]	13
圖 2 3 S1210翼型之升阻比與攻角α關係曲線	14
圖 2 4 槳葉平面型狀 [28]	15
圖 2 5 螺旋槳扭角沿徑向之變化	16
圖 2 6 0.2倍半徑處	18
圖 2 7 0.25倍半徑處	18
圖 2 8 0.5倍半徑處	19
圖 2 9 0.75倍半徑處	19
圖 2 10 葉尖處	19
圖 3 1 3W-28i發動機	21
圖 3 2 輪轂示意圖	22
圖 3 3 槳葉弦長分佈與安裝角分佈	23
圖 3 4 安裝角與攻角之幾何關係圖	24
圖 3 5 葉片示意圖	25
圖 3 6 葉片與輪轂結合之示意圖	25
圖 3 7 計算域示意圖	26
圖 3 8 網格示意圖	27
圖 3 9 旋轉域附近網格	28
圖 3 10 偏斜率分布直條圖	29
圖 3 11 正交性分布直條圖	29
圖 4 1 APC Thin Electric 14x12螺旋槳幾何特徵 [3]	35
圖 4 2 APC Thin Electric 14x12螺旋槳模擬數據與實驗值比較	36
圖 4 3 本研究設計之螺旋槳於低轉速下之效率曲線	37
圖 4 4 APC 16x12螺旋槳之效率曲線	37
圖 4 5 APC 16x14螺旋槳之效率曲線	38
圖 4 6 螺旋槳於不同轉速下之效率比較	40
圖 4 7 與APC螺旋槳之效率比較	42

 
表目錄
表 2 1 螺旋槳原型之外型參數	17
表 3 1 V = 25 m/s時16 in螺旋槳各處在不同轉速下之切線速度(m/s)	22
表 3 2 螺旋槳不同位置之扭轉角度	24
表 3 3 Fluent網格品質評估	28
表 3 4 各離散項演算法設定	31
表 3 5 不同飛行速度及螺旋槳轉速之前進比	33
表 4 1 APC Thin Electric 14x12螺旋槳幾何參數	34
表 4 2 不同網格之節點及網格數比較	38
表 4 3 不同網格於入口流速15 m/s及20 m/s下之螺旋槳效率	39
表 4 4 N = 7200 rpm下之螺旋槳效率	40
表 4 5 N = 8000 rpm下之螺旋槳效率	41
表 4 6 N = 10000 rpm下之螺旋槳效率	41

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