傳統的無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Networks)中，感測器節點所感測到的資料大多採用多點跳躍(multi-hop)的方式傳送資料到資料收集點(Sink)，鄰近資料收集點之節點則會因為頻繁代傳其它節點的資料，電量耗損也較多所以會導致節點提早死亡造成網路生命週期減短，這也就是所謂的熱點(Hot Spot)問題。而為了解決熱點問題近年來開始發展使用行動式資料收集點之無線感測網路。在叢集式架構下利用行動式資料收集點，會因為每個叢集間資料傳輸量不同，以及行動式資料收集點的移動速度上的限制，容易造成叢集首節點的資料溢位，因此本研究提出利用一個行動式資料收集點的傳輸機制解決此問題，另外我們利用兩個門檻值的方式防止資料溢位，當資料量達到第一個門檻值時呼叫資料收集點到該叢集首節點接收資料，若在行動式資料收集點到達該節點傳輸範圍前，若資料
量已達到第二個門檻值則尋求鄰近叢集之叢集首節點代為暫存資料。而利用將資料傳輸至鄰近叢集首節點代為暫存的方式，而非將資料利用多點跳躍的方式直接將資料傳到資料收集點，可以減少代傳所影響的節點數，進而減少整體網路所需要消耗的電力，達到延長網路生命週期之目的。

In traditional wireless sensor networks, the sensed data will be forwarded to sink by multi-hop, so that the hot spot problem will happen on the nodes near the sink. The power consumption of these nodes is higher than others, these nodes will be dead sooner. It leads to the network lifetime decreasing. We proposed a data transmission mechanism using mobile sink to solve this problem. We use two threshold values to prevent data overflow. If the data buffer of cluster head exceed to 1st threshold, the node will call sink to come and transmit data. If the sink didn’t arrive the transmission range of the node, and the data buffer exceed to 2nd threshold. Instead of forwarding data to sink directly by multi-hop, we use forwarding data to cluster head of neighboring cluster to help buffer the exceeded data. It can decrease the number of node which has to help to help to forward data, so that it can decrease the power consumption of network, and prolong the network lifetime.

目  錄
第一章	緒論.........................................1
1-1 研究背景.............................................2
1-2 研究動機.............................................4
1-3 研究目的.............................................6
1-4 論文架構.............................................8
第二章	相關技術與研究...............................9
2-1網路架構類型........................................10
2-1-1 LEACH........................................12
2-1-2 LEACH-C......................................13
2-1-3 HCDD.........................................14
2-2 冗餘封包消除技術....................................16
2-3 行動式無線感測網路的類型............................19
2-4 行動式資料收集點的移動方式..........................21
2-4-1 固定軌跡式移動................................22
  2-4-1.1 空間填充曲線..............................22
  2-4-1.2 路徑規劃..................................23
2-4-2 隨機移動......................................24
第三章	叢集式無線感測網路下利用行動資料收集點之非即時性資料傳輸機制........................25
3-1 網路架構與假設.......................................27
3-2 訊息封包與紀錄表定義.................................30
3-3 資料傳輸階段.........................................36
3-3-1 叢集首節點之訊息接收傳送機制..................37
3-3-1.1 叢集首節點之尋求訊息傳輸機制..............39
3-3-1.2 叢集首節點之資料封包傳輸機制..............41
3-3-1.3 叢集首節點之剩餘容量訊息傳送機制..........45
3-3-2 一般感測器之訊息接收傳送機制..................46
3-3-2.1 一般感測器之尋求訊息傳輸機制..............48
3-3-2.2 一般感測器之資料封包傳輸機制..............50
3-3-2.3 一般感測器之剩餘容量訊息傳送機制..........52
3-3-3 行動式資料收集點之移動機制....................53
第四章	模擬比較與分析.............................55
4-1 網路環境假設與參數設定...............................56
4-2 模擬與分析...........................................58
第五章	結論與未來研究方向.........................63
5-1 結論.................................................63
5-2 未來研究方向.........................................64
參考文獻............................................65
附錄  中文投稿格式..................................69
附錄  英文投稿格式..................................79

圖目錄
圖1.1　無線感測網路架構示意圖.................................1
圖2.1　叢集式架構示意圖......................................11
圖2.2　HCDD資料傳輸路由示意圖................................14
圖2.3　使用History Table與否之差異.............................16
圖2.4　History Table之運作...................................18
圖2.5　常見之空間填充曲線....................................22
圖2.6　Random Waypoint移動過程示.............................24
圖3.1　系統運作流程圖........................................26
圖3.2　資料收集點廣播時間戳記示意圖(a)........................28
圖3.3　資料收集點廣播時間戳記示意圖(b)........................29
圖3.4　Cluster Head Receive Message Process Strategy(CHPMPS)......38
圖3.5　Query Dissemination Scheme in CH(QDSCH).................39
圖3.6　Data Packet Dissemination Scheme in CH (DPDSCH)..........41
圖3.7　Buffer Control Algorithm (BCA)............................42
圖3.8　Data Reduce Mechanism (DRM)............................44
圖3.9　RMR Dissemination Scheme in CH (RDSCH).................45
圖3.10　Normal Sensor Receive Message Processing Strategy (NSRMPS).47
圖3.11　Query Dissemination Scheme in Sensor (QDSS) ..............48 
圖3.12　Data Packet Dissemination Scheme in Sensor (DPDSS)........50
圖3.13　RMR Dissemination Scheme in Sensor (RDSS)...............52
圖3.14　Sink Moving Scheme (SMS)..............................53
圖4.1　不同門檻值與不同叢集數之資料成功接收率................57
圖4.2　封包產生間隔不同所造成之封包遺失率....................58
圖4.3　資料收集點移動速度不同所造成之封包遺失率..............59
圖4.4　資料收集點移動速度不同之系統剩餘電量比較..............61
 
表目錄
表3.1　節點資訊表(Node Information Table, NIT)................27
表3.2　尋求訊息封包(Query).................................30
表3.3　尋求訊息紀錄表(Query Record Table, QRT) ..............31
表3.4　剩餘容量訊息封包(Residual Memory Reply, RMR) ........32
表3.5　Ack紀錄表(Ack Record Table, ART) .....................32
表3.6　剩餘容量紀錄表(Residual Memory Table, RMT) ...........33
表3.7　代存資料封包.......................................34
表3.8　呼叫訊息記錄表(Query Table, QT) ......................34

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