未來無線網路系統必須做到多元服務的提供，而網際網路已有許多服務被廣泛使用，為了能直接利用網際網路的服務，整合異質網路為行動全網際網路(Mobile All-IP)是必然的發展；此外在整合的無線網路系統中，頻寬配置也是很重要的議題。
為了實現上述的目標，本論文以資訊社會技術(Information Society Technologies, IST)計畫裡的EVOLUTE架構為基礎，並應用Multicast-based Mobility (M&M)機制與Cellular IP (CIP)合作。因為EVOLUTE計畫在微行動(micro-mobility)管理方面只使用CIP為管理基礎，這樣的架構對未來越來越多的即時性要求來說，是不夠完善的，是以我們提出CIP和M&M合作的方法，能提供即時性要求無縫的換手，並減少封包的延遲，而且由於M&M本就為了配合其他方法而設計，所以它與各種協定可以很容易相容，大大地減少了未來整合時所需的花費。
本論文亦為整合系統設計了一套頻寬配置方法，稱之為頻寬管理和配置(Bandwidth Management and Disposition, BMD)，BMD將用戶的要求量化而算出報酬點數(Reword Point, RP)，並將頻寬升降級的順序量化而算出升級序列(Upgrade Rank, UR) 或降級序列 (Downgrade Rank, DR)。
經由模擬實驗證明這樣的系統可以讓資源更有效的利用，且能滿足無線網路的需求，同時比現在的其他技術更能減少封包延遲；也證明頻寬配置方法能提高頻寬使用率2.402%和要求達成率增加12.52%，最後更替這套系統作推演模擬證明這套系統能在未來也能適用。

The multi-service supporting is the main requirement in　multimedia wireless communication system. Internet has many services widely to use. Therefore, it is significant to integrate heterogeneous networks into a mobile All-IP network. Furthermore, bandwidth management is a very important theme for integrating a wireless communication system.
We refer the EVOLUTE (a project of Information Society Technologies, IST) that mingles Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) with Mobile IP (MIP) to support macro-mobility management and Cellular IP (CIP) to support micro-mobility. In this dissertation, we utilize Multicast-based Mobility (M&M) to assist CIP in micro-mobility management. Our aim is to provide a complete integration of heterogeneous networks, support a seamless handoff for micro-mobility management and decrease the handoff latency. The cooperation of M&M and CIP suits the macro-mobility management, proposed by EVOLUTE, to support real time and non-real time data flow in micro- mobility.
This dissertation also proposes a bandwidth management method, called Bandwidth Management and Disposition (BMD). The BMD computes the Reword Point (RP) to quantify the Mobile Host’s (MH) requests, and computes the Upgrade Rank (UR) or Downgrade Rank (DR) to quantify the upgraded or downgraded sequence of bandwidth, respectively.
Simulation results show that the proposed micro-mobility management schema achieves better performance. We also demonstrate that the method satisfies the demanding of multimedia services. The incremental rate of achieved request is 12.52% and rate of bandwidth usage is 2.4% when the system with BMD. We conclude that the proposed system facilitates further development of wireless communication networks.

Contents	i
List of Figures	iii
List of Tables	v
1	Introduction	1
2	Related Work	6
2.1	Mobility Management	6
2.1.1	SIP/MIP Combined for Macro-Mobility Management in EVOLUTE	6
2.1.2	Micro-Mobility Management	8
2.1.3	Comparison of Micro-Mobility Management Protocols	15
2.1.4	Multicast-based Mobility (M&M)	18
2.2	Bandwidth Management of Integrate Heterogeneous Networks	28
2.2.1	Auction Mechanism	28
2.2.2	Resource Management for QoS Support	30
2.2.3	Optimizing Resources Allocation by Filtering Operations and QoS Class	31
3	Micro-Mobility Management for 4G Wireless Network	33
3.1	Methods of the Hybrid of CIP and M&M	34
3.2	Procedure of Cooperated CIP/M&M	36
3.2.1	Cooperation between CIP and M&M	37
3.2.2	Stopping M&M Mechanism	39
3.2.3	Handoff in Cooperation of CIP/M&M	40
3.2.4	Paging or Passive Connectivity Support	43
4	Bandwidth Management for 4G Wireless Network	46
4.1	Reword Point	47
4.2	Upgrade and Downgrade Rank	47
4.3	Procedure of Bandwidth Management and Disposition	49
4.4	Analysis	51
5	Simulation	53
5.1	Simulation Parameters	53
5.2	Simulation Results	54
5.2.1	Mobility Management in Cooperative CIP/M&M	54
5.2.2	Bandwidth Management for Integrating Heterogeneous Networks	58
5.3	CIP/M&M System’s Great Future	63
6	Conclusion and Future Work	66
6.1	Conclusion	66
6.2	Future Work	67
Glossary	      69
Bibliography	72
Appendix	      76
Bigraphical Sketch	      145

List of Figures
Figure 2-1: Combine SIP and MIP for macro-mobility management in EVOLUTE	7
Figure 2-2: Handoff of CIP	10
Figure 2-3: cooperation of CIP and MIP	10
Figure 2-4: Packet route in HMIPv6	12
Figure 2-5: Packet route when the CN and MH are in the same MAP in HMIPv6	12
Figure 2-6: The packet’s route to the MH	13
Figure 2-7: Forwarding scheme for handoff	14
Figure 2-8 : Non-forwarding scheme for handoff	14
Figure 2-9: Data packet flows in M&M architecture	20
Figure 2-10: RCoA to MCoA mapping for IPv4	21
Figure 2-11: The standard IPv6 address	21
Figure 2-12: RCoA to MCoA mapping for IPv6	22
Figure 2-13: Three handoff triggers in M&M	23
Figure 2-14: Handoff uses join/prune mechanisms	24
Figure 2-15: The CAR-set model in M&M system	25
Figure 2-16: Auction System model	29
Figure 2-17: QoS Filtering Architecture	32
Figure 3-1: CIP/MIP replacement policy flow	35
Figure 3-2: The flow of cooperation of CIP/M&M policy	36
Figure 3-3: Overview of CIP/M&M cooperation policy	38
Figure 3-4: Handoff algorithm for cooperation of CIP/M&M	41
Figure 3-5: Data flows when handoff	42
Figure 3-6: Data flows after handoff	43
Figure 3-7: MH’s states in cooperation of CIP/M&M policy	44
Figure 4-1: Flow chart of BMD when an MH requests service	50
Figure 4-2: Flow chart of BMD when an MH releases its occupied	51
Figure 5-1: Rate of achieved request (a) Real-time: Non-real-time=1:9 (b) Real-time: Non-real-time=2:8	55
Figure 5-2: Rate of bandwidth usage (a) Real-time: Non-real-time=1:9 (b) Real-time: Non-real-time=2:8	56
Figure 5-3: Handoff latency of 15 MHs (a) Real-time: Non-real-time ratio is 1:9 (b) Real-time: Non-real-time ratio is 2:8	57
Figure 5-4: Rates of achieved request	61
Figure 5-5: Rate of bandwidth usage	62
Figure 5-6: Time of latency	63
Figure 5-7: Rate of achieved request when # of MH = 15	64
Figure 5-8: Rate of bandwidth usage when # of MH = 15	65

List of Tables
Table 2-1: Micro-Mobility Management Protocols	15
Table 2-2: Micro-Mobility Management Comparison	17
Table 3-1: The RIT in cooperative CIP/M&M (a) The table in BR or FA (b) The table in SAR and other ARs in the same CAR-set	38
Table 4-1: A contrast table	52
Table 5-1: Simulation Parameters	54
Table 5-2: The transmissible rates of the different requests	59
Table 5-3: RP for Table 5-2	59
Table 5-4: Rate of bandwidth usage	62

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