發生災難時，有人被困在倒塌的建築物殘骸中，若網路因停電等因素不通，或是人已經昏迷，此時會無法與外界聯繫。在本文中，我們將在手機上開發一套緊急救助系統，能不靠行動網路或Wi-Fi運作，並且能自動回應救難人員，將使用者的狀況傳遞給救難人員判斷，希望能增加使用者被救援的機會。
常見手機系統有iOS與Android，而iOS為了省電、使用者體驗等因素，對於app程式功能的限制較多，為了確保此系統能真正發揮作用，因此本論文選擇在限制較嚴格的iOS平台實作，以驗證系統的運作能力。本系統將使用iBeacon技術觸發喚醒app，搭配BLE做資料傳遞，能傳送文字訊息，以及其他各種從手機收集到的資訊，達到緊急救助的功能。

When disaster strikes, buildings collapse and would trap people under their debris. Under this circumstance, people could not make communication and reach out to others since the internet would be disconnected due to power blackout or because people could have been unconscious. Therefore, this Study is to demonstrate a newly developed smart phone application software (“App”) for the purpose of emergency rescue. The App not only operates without the necessity to connect to internet or Wi-Fi but also automatically responds the users’ situation/condition to rescue teams. Hopefully, this App can increase the possibilities for the user to be saved.
iOS and Android have been the two most common operating systems for mobile phones. The apps of iOS contain more restrictions in order to optimize the battery lifespan as well as to enhance user-experiences and so on. To ensure this App can fully and effective function, this Study chooses the iOS system, containing more restrictions than Android, to practice and implement the App to verify whether the App can smoothly operate. The iBeacon technique was adopted as the trigger to instigate the App, along with the BLE technology for information communication. By utilizing these technologies, the App is able to fulfill its purpose of emergency rescue because it is able to transmit text messages and also to receive data from every type of other mobile phones.

目錄
第一章 緒論	1
1.1 研究動機與目的	1
1.2 論文架構	3
第二章 背景知識	4
2.1 手機常用網路	4
2.1.1 3G/4G行動通訊網路	4
2.1.2 Wi-Fi	5
2.1.3 Wi-Fi Direct	6
2.1.4 藍牙	6
2.2 相關技術	7
2.2.1 BLE（Bluetooth low energy）	7
2.2.2 iBeacon	8
2.2.3 iBeacon目前常見運用	11
2.3 相關技術採用的原因	13
2.3.1 使用藍牙作為數據傳輸的原因	13
2.3.2 使用iBeacon技術作為此系統關鍵的原因	14
第三章 相關研究應用	17
3.1 目前手機上的緊急救難系統	17
第四章 系統介紹	22
4.1 設計需求	22
4.2 系統設計	23
4.2.1 確保訊息傳遞	24
4.2.2 軟體自行運作	24
4.2.3 提供資訊給救難人員	26
第五章 系統實作	29
5.1 軟硬體需求	29
5.2 系統運作說明	29
5.3 EMERGENCY APP	31
5.3.1 Emergency App程式模組	31
5.3.2 Emergency App的權限需求	39
5.3.3 Emergency App流程	42
5.4 RESCUER APP	43
5.4.1 Rescuer App程式模組	43
5.4.2 Rescuer App流程	48
5.5 實際運作	49
5.5.1 實驗情境	49
5.5.2 運作結果	50
第六章 結論與未來展望	51
6.1 結論	51
6.2 未來工作展望	52
參考文獻	53
附錄 英文論文	55


圖目錄

圖 1：iBeacon主要是用來做觸發/通知的功能	9
圖 2：iBeacon廣播封包格式	10
圖 3：使用官方的Apple Store app，配合店內的iBeacon，可提供更多服務	11
圖 4：Estimote的Sticker小型iBeacon貼片，可以貼在狗項圈上  	12
圖 5：iOS app 狀態圖	15
圖 6：Google Play上的SOS Call	17
圖 7：App Store上的Panic Button (Emergency Locator)	18
圖 8：MainViewController畫面	32
圖 9：填寫名稱與其他資訊	33
圖 10：待機時有救難人員接近	34
圖 11：位置權限要求	39
圖 12：藍牙權限要求	40
圖 13：健康app權限要求	41
圖 14：Emergency App啟動流程	42
圖 15：Emergency App傳送訊息	42
圖 16：Emergency App收到要求	43
圖 17：Rescuer App裝置列表畫面	44
圖 18：裝置交談畫面	45
圖 19：心跳資料與動作列表	46
圖 20：Rescuer App啟動後流程	48
圖 21：收到藍牙訊息後流程	49


表目錄

表 1：BLE與傳統藍牙比較	8
表 2：iOS app狀態表	14
表 3：iBeacon觸發到連接流程說明	30
表 4：Emergency App模組列表	31
表 5：Rescuer App模組列表	44
表 6：室外空曠與室內複雜傳輸距離實驗結果	50

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