定位技術的進步造就了位置感知相關應用的蓬勃發展，這類系統能自動偵測使用者位置，提供與位置相關的各種服務。尤其，當個人攜帶了具位置感知能力裝置而成為虛擬社群之成員時，成員之間該如何有效地互助合作更成為重要研究課題。因此，本論文針對此一主題進行研究，並發展一套有效率的位置感知多人合作系統-LACS(Location-Aware Cooperation System)。
    為建立社群成員穩定的合作關係，我們提出數種協定來媒合任務委託者(demander)與協助者(helper)，並分別使用自動化協商與拍賣做為媒合的基礎。就社群成員的行動路徑預測部份，本論文則使用循序樣本探勘技術來支援，為委託者找尋較可能的協助者。為驗證系統有效性，本研究蒐集七位同學在校園中兩星期的行動路線做為基礎資料庫，並運用模擬進行互助實驗。結果顯示，本系統確可讓互助雙方以互利的方式進行合作，此外，研究中提供的媒合機制也能提供超過九成的成功率，並確實為委託者節省往返任務地點的時間。因此，我們相信以LACS為原型，持續發展實用的多人合作系統，將可使行動社群的存在更具積極意義。

The progress of position technology makes location-awareness applications vigorous development. This kind of applications can detect user's location automatically and provide information of the position. Especially, when users who bring location-awareness device consist of virtual community, it becomes important research topic how to collaborate efficiently. Therefore, we research on this topic and develop an efficient Location-Aware Cooperation System.
  In order to create stable collaboration relationship in community, we provide several protocols to negotiate between demander and helper. By the way, we use automatic negotiation and auction as negotiation base. About predicting member's moving path, we use sequential mining technology to support. To verify the validity of the system, we collected seven students' history moving path between two weeks in school as basic database, and use simulate experiment. The result of the experiment presents that the system is mutually beneficial to collaborate. Besides, the results let we know the negotiation protocol can provide over ninety percent of strike-rate and confirms it really can save moving time of demander. Therefore, we believe LACS as prototype and continue to develop multi-user collaborate system will make mobile communities are more meaningful.

目 錄
第一章 緒論.....1
1.1 背景........1
1.2 動機與目的..1
1.3 論文貢獻....4
1.4 論文架構....4
第二章 文獻探討與定位技術簡介....5
2.1 文獻探討....5
2.2 定位技術....7
2.3問題敘述及研究假設....8
第三章 運用LACS建立行動社群的合作關係....9
3.1 位置感知行動社群的建立....9
3.2 任務(Tasks)的指定與委託....11
3.3  LACS運作流程概觀....13
第四章 LACS的任務媒合機制....14
4.1 成員行進路線的預測....14
4.2 決定候選協助者(Candidate Helpers)....15
4.3 媒合協定(Matching Protocols)....16
第五章 系統實作....22
5.1 系統架構....22
5.2地圖資料與成員資料蒐集....24
5.3 任務指定....26
第六章 實驗....28
6.1 媒合機制效益驗證....28
6.2 循序樣本探勘與階層式馬可夫模型於路徑預測上的差異....32
第七章 結論與未來工作....36
7.1結論....36
7.2未來工作....36

圖 目 錄
圖1-1 環境感知服務概念....2
圖1-2 虛擬社群中的多人合作概念示意圖....3
圖3-1 利用主從式架構建立行動社群....9
圖3-2 時間效用函數....12
圖4-1 Fist-Fit媒合流程圖....17
圖4-2 Best-Fit媒合流程圖....19
圖4-3 D-Auction流程圖....21
圖5-1 伺服器端系統架構圖....22
圖5-2 使用者端系統架構圖....24
圖5-3 淡江校園平面圖....25
圖5-4 離線成員行進路線記錄....26
圖5-5 使用者請求畫面....27
圖6-1 信心度高於門檻值0.25的平均候選協助者個數....33
圖6-2 信心度高於門檻值0.5的平均候選協助者個數....34
圖6-3 兩未來地點所找尋出信心度高於門檻值0.25的平均候選協助者個數....35

表 目 錄
表3-1 成員i的歷史路徑資料表	10
表4-1 委託者與受託者進行自動協商	18
表6-1 委託者與協助者所獲得的平均效益	31
表6-2 媒合成功率	32
表6-3 委託者節省的時間(單位:分鐘)	32

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