在本論文中，首先提出了一個非對稱饋入的高指向性印刷天線設計。這種天線結構簡單且輕薄，主饋入天線運用偏離中心點饋入的方式即可產生半波長偶極天線的諧振模態。藉由新式的驅動元件天線設計搭配兩個寄生元件，可以創造平面式的八木天線，產生定向的輻射場型。此天線設計在2.45GHz，由於其新式的饋入方式設計，使得此種印刷式八木天線更能與電路元件整合，應用於物聯網或無線感測器中。
在論文的第二部分，提出二款高指向性、波束角度可調整的天線設計。第一種設計是將八根印刷式偶極天線排列成環狀，透過激發其中的三根子天線及給予特定的向位差，能將輻射場型指向某個方位，第二種設計是將八根偶極天線立直排列成環狀，激發單一天線時其他7根天線作為反射器，達到波束成型。此二種天線設計不但可用於MIMO無線通訊系統中，提升通道容量，更可用於無線室內定位系統中，增加定位的準確性及感測結點的數量，非常具有學術及應用價值。

In this thesis, an asymmetrically fed directional antenna is proposed first. The structure of this antenna is thin and simple, half wavelength resonant mode like a dipole antenna can be generated by feeding a metallic strip with a slightly offset from its center. By adding two parasitic elements, planar Yagi antenna with directional radiation pattern can be formed. This antenna is designed to resonant at 2.45GHz, thinks to the novel feeding technique of the driven element, the Yagi antenna is more easily to be integrated with circuit components and to be used for IOT or wireless sensor network.
In the second part of this thesis, two directional beam switchable antenna designs are proposed. The first one is a planar beam forming antenna with eight printed dipoles around the ground plane. By exciting three of the eight dipoles with appropriate phase delay contributed by the delay line of the feeding network, the radiation pattern can be focused on one direction. The second design is similar, but the eight dipoles are perpendicular to the ground plane. In this design, only one dipole is activated each time and the other seven dipoles act as reflectors, achieving beam forming characteristic. This two antenna design not only can be used for MIMO system to increase channel capacity, but also can be used for indoor locating system, which have great contributions on practical applications and academic research.

第一章  序論..........1
1.1研究動機..........1
1.2 章節內容介紹..........3
第二章  指向性天線設計概述..........4
2.1 概述..........4
2.2 偶極天線與單極天線..........4
2.2.1 偶極天線..........4
2.2.2 單極天線原理..........6
2.3 反射面天線..........8
2.4 八木天線..........9
2.5 陣列天線..........10
第三章 非對稱饋入之平面指向性天線..........12
3.1 偏移饋入之偶極天線設計..........12
3.2 引向器反射器之設計..........14
3.3 模擬與實驗結果..........15
第四章  平面式四波束可切換天線設計..........19
4.1 平面式偶極指向天線之設計..........20
4.1.1 天線到接地面距離..........20
4.2 1×3直線排列陣列天線之設計..........23
4.2.1 陣列天線間的距離..........23
4.3 1×3弧形排列陣列天線之設計..........26
4.3.1 相位差原理說明..........26
4.3.2 1×3弧形排列陣列天線半徑分析..........27
4.4 饋入網路設計..........30
4.4.1 偏壓電路與相位補償的設計..........31
4.5 環形排列陣列天線與饋入網路的整合..........33
4.6 模擬與實驗結果..........36
第五章 立體式波束可切換天線設計..........39
5.1 垂直式偶極天線設計..........39
5.2 垂直式指向天線組設計..........42
5.3 饋入網路設計..........45
5.4 模擬與實驗結果..........49
第六章 結論..........52
參考文獻..........53
圖 2-1 半波長偶極天線電流分布..........5
圖 2-2 四分之波長單極天線..........7
圖 2-3 反射面天線反射狀況..........9
圖 2-4 圓形陣列天線切換設計[6]..........9
圖 2-5 電子式可調電容阻抗轉向陣列天線[11]..........9
圖 2-6 八木天線基本結構圖..........10
圖 2-7 陣列天線設計圖[21]..........11
圖3-1 中心點饋入電流分布圖..........13
圖3-2 中心點左方6mm饋入電流分布圖..........14
圖3-3 被動元件加入整合結構圖(a)正面(b)反面..........15
圖3-4 非對稱饋入之平面指向性天線數據示意圖(a)正面(b)背面..........16
圖3-5 非對稱饋入平面指向性天線設計實體(正面)..........17
圖3-6 非對稱饋入平面指向性天線設計實體(背面)..........17
圖3-7 非對稱饋入平面指向性天線反射係數模擬與實測比較..........18
圖3-8 非對稱饋入平面指向性天線場型模擬與實測比較..........18
圖4-1 平面式偶極指向天線之設計圖(a)正面(b)反面..........20
圖4-2 調整參數dist反射係數圖..........22
圖4-3 調整參數dist輻射場型圖..........22
圖4-4 1×3直線排列陣列天線之結構圖..........24
圖4-5 調整參數dist1反射係數圖..........25
圖4-6 調整參數dist1輻射場型圖..........25
圖4-7 參數dist1=80 mm天線耦合情況..........26
圖4-8 1×3弧形排列陣列天線之設計圖..........28
圖4-9 調整參數dist2場型變化圖..........29
圖4-10 環型排列陣列天線結構圖..........30
圖4-11 T型連接偏壓器設計圖..........32
圖4-12  8選3饋入網路設計..........33
圖4-13  8選3饋入網路天線整合結構圖 (1)正面 (2)背面..........34
圖4-14 參數dist3 = 8 mm時反射係數圖..........35
圖4-15 參數dist3 = 8 mm時輻射場型圖..........35
圖4-16 平面式四波束可切換天線實體圖(正面)..........37
圖4-17 平面式四波束可切換天線實體圖(背面)..........37
圖4-18 平面式四波束可切換天線反射係數模擬實測比較..........38
圖4-19 平面式四波束可切換天線場型模擬實測比較..........38
圖5-1 垂直式偶極天線結構圖..........40
圖5-2 垂直式偶極天線反射係數圖..........41
圖5-3 垂直式偶極天線立體輻射場型圖..........41
圖5-4 垂直式指向天線組結構示意圖..........43
圖5-5 垂直式指向天線組反射係數圖..........44
圖5-6 垂直式指向天線組立體場型圖..........44
圖5-7 垂直式指向天線組輻射場型圖..........45
圖5-8 立體式波束切換天線結構圖..........47
圖5-9 立體式波束切換天線反射係數圖..........48
圖5-10 立體式波束切換天線場型圖..........48
圖5-11 立體式波束切換天線立體場型圖..........49
圖5-12 立體式波束可換天線實體圖(正面)..........50
圖5-13 立體式波束可換天線實體圖(背面)..........50
圖5-14 立體式波束可切換天線模擬與實測反射係數比較圖..........51

表目錄
表 3- 1 非對稱饋入之平面指向性天線參數值..........16
表 4- 1 陣列天線設計階段比較表..........29

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