2015年以來, 隨著中俄戰略夥伴關係的不斷深化, 中國“一帶一路”政策的不斷發展和落實, “冰上絲綢之路”的概念也逐漸被重視以及被國際社會廣泛討論. 本文將在目前北極問題的現狀背景下, 針對北極自身的資源以及政治、經濟、軍事上的戰略意義和北極目前所處的各國之間的博弈環境, 從“冰上絲綢之路”的角度提出未來北極局勢可能面臨的發展方向和開發辦法. 本論文著重於研究「冰上絲綢之路」在地緣政治、經濟、軍事上的意義, 以及探討北極地區在未來的發展以及可能出現的合作方向與解決問題方式. 另外, 本論文同時以“國際海洋法公約”之內容研究北極大陸礁層的劃界問題, 並提出解決方案.

Since 2015, with the continuous deepening of China-Russia strategic partnership and the continuous development and implementation of China's “One Belt, One Road” policy, the concept of “Polar Silk Road” has gradually been valued and widely discussed by the international community. In the context of the current Arctic issue, the future Arctic situation is proposed from the perspective of the “Polar Silk Road”, in the view of the resources of the Arctic itself and the political, economic, and military strategic significance and the gaming environment between the countries in which the Arctic is currently located. Possible development directions and development methods. This thesis focuses on the geopolitical, economic, and military significance of the Ice Silk Road, as well as exploring the future development of the Arctic region and possible ways of cooperation and problem solving. In addition, this paper also studies the delimitation of the Arctic continental shelf with the content of the "International Convention on the Law of the Sea" and proposes solutions.

目次：
第一章、緒論____________________________________________________1

第二章、北極問題的現狀_________________________________________21
第一節、節研究背景與北極地區自然環境___________________________21
第二節、北極地區資源___________________________________________26 

第三章、北極地區大陸礁層劃界問題_______________________________34
第一節、北極海域外大陸礁層的劃界規則及現狀_____________________34
第二節、「聯合國海洋法公約」和發展北海航道______________________38
第三節、北極大陸礁層問題探討___________________________________43

第四章、「冰上絲綢之路」的概念以及其意涵________________________49
第一節、「冰上絲綢之路」概念以及主要內容________________________49
第二節、「冰上絲綢之路」的政治與軍事意義________________________51
第三節、北極海路對「冰上絲綢之路」的影響_______________________61
	
	第五節、結論___________________________________________________71
	
	參考書目_______________________________________________________74
	
	圖目次_________________________________________________________83

參考書目
專書及期刊：
中文：
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5. 「從丹麥提出領土新主張看北極領土爭端」 曲兵 《國際研究參考》 ， 2015 。
6. 「海洋開發與管理」：國際政治經濟學視角下的「冰上絲綢之路」倡議。
7. 「聯合國海洋法公約」第七十六條。
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9. 中國國際問題研究所譯，Zbigniew Brzezinski，《大棋局 – 美國的首要地位及其地緣戰略》，上海：人民出版社，1998。
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19. 林爾蔚、陳江譯，《歷史的地理樞紐》，1985。
20. 王宗英：俄羅斯挪威劃定北極邊界 五國資源爭奪戰持續，中國新聞網。
21. 王恩湧，《政治地理學 - 時空中的政治格局》，北京：高等教育出版社，1998。
22. 百里雲鹤：中俄要一起建设的“冰上丝绸之路”是什么？观察者网 (November 6， 2017)。
23. 程廣中，《地緣戰略論》，北京：國防大學出版社，1999。
24. 範利鴻譯，《海權論》，陝西：師範大學出版社，2007。
25. 紅德智庫：五星出東方，「冰上絲綢之路」-巨人決定攜手，世界將會共贏
26. 鈕先鐘，〈地緣政治的復活〉，《國防雜誌》，第15卷9期（2000）。
27. 陸俊元，張俠，「中國北極權益與政策研究」，北京：時事出版社，2016年
28. 齊慧: 亞馬爾項目首條LNG生產線正式投產， 中國經濟網， (December 11， 2017)。

俄文：
1. Алехин Э.В. Геополитика: Учебное Пособие. Федеральное Агенство по Образование, Пензенский Государсвенный Университет. (Alekhin E. V. 2005. Geopolitics: Educational Textbook. Federal Agency of Education, University of Penza).
2. Дугин, А.В. Основы Геополитики: Геополитическое будущее России. Мыслить Пространством. Арктогея центр. (Dugin, Alexander. 2000. Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future of Russia. Think in Space. Arktogea center).
3. Сарокин, К. Е. Геополитика Современности и Геополитика России: Москва: Русская Политическая Энциклопедия. (Sarokin, Konstantin Eduardovich. 1996. The Geopolitics of Modernity and Geostrategy of Russia. Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia).
4. “Ocновы государственной политики Российской Федерации в Арктике на период до 2020 года и дальнейшую перспективу (The Fundamentals of the Russian Federation State Policy in the Arctic for the Period Until 2020 and Beyond)， 2008.
5. «Стратегия развития Арктической зоны Российской Федерации и обеспечения национальной безопасности на период до 2020 года» (Strategy for Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Ensuring National Security for the Period Until 2020)， 2013.
6. «Морская доктрина Российской Федерации: Владимир Путин провёл совещание， на котором обсуждалась новая редакция Морской доктрины Российской Федерации» (Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation: Vladimir Putin Held a Conference to Discuss the New Edition of the Maritime Doctrine of the Russian Federation), transcript, Moscow, Russia: Kremlin.ru, July 26, 2015.
7. Российский Совет по Международным делам (Russian International Affairs Council: Arctic region, analytical articles).
8. Официальные заявления Президента Российской Федерации В. В. Путина. (俄羅斯聯邦總統普京的聲明)。 
9. Официальные заявления Министерства иностранных дел Российской Федерации。 (俄羅斯聯邦外交部的聲明)。 

英文：
1. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
2. Hans Joachim Morgenthau（6th edition),《Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace》, New York：McGraw-Hill, 1985.
3. Nicholas John Sypkman,《The Geography of the Peace》,New York: Harcourt Brace and company, 1944.
4. Declaration on the establishment of the Arctic Council. Joint communique of the governmenments of the Arctic countries on the establishment of the Arctic Council. Ottawa, Canada. September 19, 1996.
5. Stephanie Pezard, Abbie Tingstad, Kristin Van Abel, Scott Stepheson, «Maintaining Arctic Cooperation with Russia. Planning for Regional Change in the Far North». 
6. Thad W. Allen and Christine Todd Whitman, «Arctic Imperatives. Reinforcing U.S. Strategy on America’s Fourth Coast». (Council on Foreign Relations). Independent Task Force Report No. 75.
7. Nengye Liu, «China’s Emerging Arctic Policy». (The Diplomat magazine).
8. Jeremy Hsu, «U.S. Icebreaker Fleet is Overdue for an Upgrade». (Scientific American).
9. Marc Lanteigne, «Have you entered the storehouses of the snow? China as a norm enterpreneur in the Arctic». (Arctic Journal).
10. Ryan Kilpatrick, «China’s plan for the Arctic - and a shipping centre to rival Singapore». (South China Morning Post).  
11. Kristin Huang, «Will the Arctic be the next top on China’s new Silk Road?» (South China Morning Post). 
12. Gould, L.M. (1958)， The Polar Regions and their Relations to Human Affairs, American Geographical Society, New York, 1958. 
13. Granovsky, A. E. (1989), «Soviet Approaches to Security in the Arctic, in W.A». 
14. Hurlburt (ed): «The Arctic. Choices for Peace and Security, Gordon Soules Book Publishers», Seattle, 1989. 
15. Painter, J (1995), «Politics, Geography and “Political Geography”: A Critical Perspective», Arnold, London, 1995.
16. Parrott, B. (1988), «Soviet National Security under Gorbachev, Problems of Communism», vol. 37, no.10, 1988. 
17. Watson, G.G. (1991), «Technical Aspects of Ice Navigation and Port Construction in Soviet Arctic».
18. Lawson Brigham (ed): «The Soviet Maritime Arctic», Belhaven Press, Scott Polar research Institute, Cambridge, 1991. 
19. Sharveen Persand, «A Practical Overview of Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea», 2005.
20. Gunnar Knapp, «Arctic Fisheries: Opportunities and Policy Issues», presentation at the UAA Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska, February 27, 2014. 
21. «Denmark Challenges Russia and Canada Over North Pole», BBC, December 15, 2014.
22. Chris Mooney and Jason Samenow， «The North Pole Is an Insane 36 Degrees Warmer Than Normal as Winter Descends», Washington Post, November 17,  2016. 
23. Caitlyn L. Antrim, «The Next Geographical Pivot: The Russian Arctic in the Twenty-First Century», Naval War College Review, Summer 2010. 
24. Ronald O’Rourke, «Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress», CRS Report No.R32665 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service), September 21, 2016.
25. Ronald O’Rourke, «Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress», CRS Report No.R41153 (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, January 5, 2017).  
26. George Hale, «NASA Data Peers Into Greenland’s Ice Sheet», National Aeronautics and Space Administration, January 23,  2015. 
27. Scott G. Borgerson, «Arctic Meltdown:  Economic and Security Implications of Global Warming», Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, No. 2, 2008; «New Cold War for Resources Looms in Arctic», Moscow Times, April 16, 2012.
28. Marsha Walton, «Countries in Tug-of-War over Arctic Resources», CNN,  January 2, 2009.
29. Terry Macalister, «Climate Change Could Lead to Arctic Conflict, Warns Senior NATO Commander», The Guardian, October 11, 2010. 
30. Sohrab Ahmari, «The New Cold War’s Arctic Front», Wall Street Journal, June 9, 2015.
31. Stephanie Pezard and Abbie Tingstad, «Keep it Chill in the Arctic», U.S. News and World Report, April 27, 2016.
32. Sophia Dimitrakopoulou and Andrew Liaropoulos, «Russia’s National Security Strategy to 2020: A Great Power in the Making?» Caucasian Review of International Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2010.
33. Olga Oliker, «Russia’s Nuclear Doctrine: What We Know, What We Don’t, and What at Means», Washington, D.C., Center for Strategic and International Studies, May 2016.
34. Katarzyna Zysk, «The Evolving Arctic Security Environment: An Assessment», in Stephen Blank, 2016.
35. Matthew Bodner, «New Russian Naval Doctrine Enshrines Confrontation With NATO»,  Moscow Times, July 27, 2015. 
36. Nadezhda Filimonova and Svetlana Krivokhizh, «A Russian Perspective on China’s Arctic Role», September 27, 2014.
37.Christian Le Mièreand Jerey Mazo, Arctic Opening: Insecurity and Opportunity, London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2013. 
38. «Arctic Region Policy», The White House, January 9, 2009. 
39. «National Strategy for the Arctic Region», The White House, May 2013. 
40. Steven Groves, «Accession to Convention on the Law of the Sea Unnecessary to Advance Arctic Interests», Backgrounder No. 2912, Heritage Foundation, June 26, 2014.
41. Gerard O’Dwyer, «Norway to Reorganize Defense Spending in Response to «Unpredictable» Russia», Defense News, July 1, 2016. 
42. Rajon Menon and Eugene Rumer, «Conflict in Ukraine: The Unwinding of the Post–Cold War Order», Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2015. 
43. Andrew Rees and David Sharp, «Drilling in Extreme Environments: Challenges and Implications for the Energy Insurance Industry», London: Lloyd’s, 2011.
44. Emily Stromquist and Robert Johnston, «Opportunities and Challenges for Arctic Oil and Gas Developments», Washington, D.C.: The Wilson Center, 2014.
45. Ivan Panichkin, «To Explore and Develop», Russian International Affairs Council, November 24, 2015.
46. «Future petroleum energy resources of the world», International Geology Review 44 (12). 

網站：
Президент РФ. (俄羅斯總統官網). http://kremlin.ru 
МИД РФ. (俄羅斯外交部官網). http://www.mid.ru/ru/home 
ИТАР-ТАСС. (俄羅斯新聞通訊社). http://tass.ru
Коммерсант. https://www.kommersant.ru  
Russia Today.  https://www.rt.com 
BBC. http://news.bbc.co.uk 
CBSNEWS. http://www.cbsnews.com 
CNN. http://edition.cnn.com 
The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com 
The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com  
UN. http://www.un.org  
中國共產黨新聞網，人民日報. http://cpc.people.com.cn