機車具有體積小、停車方便、價格低廉的優勢，使得許多民眾選擇機車作為主要代步的交通工具，卻也增加了交通意外事故發生的可能。機車在台灣的交通問題上，佔有相當的份量，尤其是一般機車騎士不遵守秩序所造成安全上的威脅與疑慮，更是長期被關注的焦點。交通事故的發生多受人為因素所影響，其中主要由個人失誤或違規行為所造成。

    民眾常因為外在環境與內在心理影響，產生機車違規行為。因此瞭解駕駛人違規行為因素，將有助於改善道路交通安全。然而駕駛人違規因素大多屬於主觀知覺、不易量化的潛在構面；過去研究大多從單一面向討論駕駛者心理層面，未能全面考慮交通違規行為之影響因素；本研究由駕駛者的內在人格特質、學習經驗與環境之間的互動關係，整合相關的因素，探討駕駛違規行為之因果邏輯關係。之後透過結構化方程式( Structural Equation Modeling, SEM )驗證模式配適性（Goodness of Fit），建構機車駕駛違規行為決策歷程，以作為加強機車駕駛者的道路守法觀念與維護道路交通安全，與後續政府擬定交通管理策略之參考。

Motorcycle is the most popular vehicle mode used in Taiwan because of its mobility, low parking fee, and affordable purchase cost.  It is worthy of mentioned that incidents usually happen due to the violation of motorcyclist including absent minded, personal attitudes or other related issues.  Rectifying abnormal driving behaviors of motorcyclists may enhance the performance of traffic safety.

    Violation of motorcyclists is affected by many factors, including psychological status and environmental conditions, all of which are often subjective and unobservable. To make the problem easily identify, previous studies only focused on single dimension though, the comprehensive cause-effect of violation behavior of motorcyclist remains unclear.  

    This research aims at the overall cause-effect consequences of violation behavior of motorcyclist employing the exploring structural equation model (SEM).  Finally, some important conclusions can be drew, followed by suggested traffic management strategies for authorities.

目錄
目錄	V
表目錄	VII
圖目錄	IX
第一章  緒論	1
1.1  研究背景與動機	1
1.2  研究目的	2
1.3  研究內容與流程	3
第二章  文獻回顧	6
2.1  違規行為影響因子	6
2.1.1  低估危險	6
2.1.2  情緒	7
2.1.3  人格特質	8
2.1.4  學習經驗	9
2.1.5  主觀規範	10
2.1.6  態度	11
2.1.7  環境	12
2.1.8  違規行為	12
2.2  違規行為之相互影響因素	14
2.2.1   人格特質、低估危險與違規行為	14
2.2.2   人格特質與情緒	14
2.2.3   情緒與態度	15
2.2.4   情緒與低估危險	15
2.2.5   學習經驗與低估危險	16
2.2.6   環境與低估危險	16
2.2.7   人格特質、態度與違規行為	16
2.2.8   主觀規範與違規行為	17
2.2.9   群體表現與態度	17
2.2.10  環境與態度	18
2.2.11  人格特質與學習經驗	18
2.2.12  主觀規範與學習經驗	19
2.3  小結	20
2.4  駕駛行為相關文獻	26
2.4.1 行為觀察法	26
2.4.2 心理探測法	26
2.4.3 小結	27
第三章  研究方法	28
3.1  研究架構	28
3.2  問卷設計	30
3.3  問卷內容	33
3.4  研究對象與抽樣方式	37
3.5  資料分析方法	38
3.5.1 各研究變項基本分析	38
3.5.2	結構方程模式( Structural Equation Modeling, SEM )	39
3.5.3	結構方程模式(SEM)評估與配適度	40
3.6  研究設計與操作流程	45
第四章  資料分析與結果	46
4.1  問卷基本結構分析	46
4.2  模式估計方法之選擇	48
4.3  因素分析	50
4.4  信度分析	54
4.4.1 問卷信度分析	54
4.4.2 潛在變數的組合信度( Composite Reliability )	55
4.5 效度分析	56
4.5.1 收斂效度( Convergent Validity )	56
4.5.2	區別效度( Discriminant Validity )	58
4.6 模式評鑑與假設檢定	59
4.6.1 基本配適檢驗	59
4.6.2	整體模式適合度的評估	61
4.7  路徑係數檢定	62
4.8  駕駛違規行為之因果邏輯分析	64
4.9  效果分析	66
4.10 中介效果檢定	74
第五章  結論與建議	80
5.1  結論	80
5.2  建議	83
參考文獻	84
附錄一-試調問卷	94
附錄二-實調問卷	98


表目錄
表2-1  五大人格特質分類表	9
表2-2  各潛在變項之組合與相關理論表	21
表2-3  各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表	22
表2-3  各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表(續1)	23
表2-3  各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表(續2)	24
表2-4  違規行為問卷相關文獻彙整表	27
表3-1  駕駛者違規行為問卷內容	34
表3-1  駕駛者違規行為問卷內容(續1)	35
表3-1  駕駛者違規行為問卷內容(續2)	36
表3-2  樣本數分佈表	37
表3-3  整體模式適合度的評估	44
表4-1  各區域分配之抽樣數目與回收數目	46
表4-2  受訪者樣本之敘述統計表	47
表4-3  各觀察變項之平均數、標準差、偏態與峰度	48
表4-3  各觀察變項之平均數、標準差、偏態與峰度(續1)	49
表4-4  潛在因子組成關係	52
表4-4  潛在因子組成關係(續1)	53
表4-5  潛在變數信度係數表	54
表4-6  違規行為心理模式信度分析	55
表4-7  違規行為心理模式收斂效度分析	56
表4-7  違規行為心理模式收斂效度分析(續1)	57
表4-8  違規行為心理模式區別效度分析	58
表4-9  模式參數估計表	59
表4-9  模式參數估計表(續1)	60
表4-9  模式參數估計表(續2)	61
表4-10 整體模式配適度指標	61
表4-11 路徑分析結果	62
表4-12 違規行為路徑分析之各項效果	67
表4-12 違規行為路徑分析之各項效果(續1)	68
表4-13 違規行為之三構面分析	69
表4-14 低估危險、態度對違規行為之路徑分析	70
表4-15 低估危險、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析	71
表4-16 態度、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析	72
表4-17-1 人格特質、情緒迴歸分析表	75
表4-17-2 人格特質、情緒、態度階層迴歸分析表	75
表4-18-1 人格特質、低估危險迴歸分析表	77
表4-18-2 人格特質、低估危險、違規行為階層迴歸分析表	77
表4-19-1 人格特質、態度迴歸分析表	78
表4-19-2 人格特質、態度、違規行為階層迴歸分析表	79
表5-1  研究假設與驗證結果彙整表	82

圖目錄
圖1-1 研究流程圖	5
圖2-1 研究地圖	25
圖3-1 駕駛違規行為因素影響模式路徑圖	28
圖3-2 問卷設計流程圖	33
圖4-1 模式因果邏輯之路徑係數	63
圖4-2 違規行為之三構面路徑分析	69
圖4-3 低估危險、態度對違規行為之路徑分析	70
圖4-4 低估危險、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析	71
圖4-5 態度、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析	72
圖4-6 低估危險、態度、情緒影響違規行為之路徑係數	73
圖4-7 中介檢定說明	74

一、中文部份
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朱聖和 (民97)。人格特質、工作態度、服務品質、工作績效及顧客滿意度關聯性之實證研究─以國內金融控股公司為例。大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文，未出版，彰化縣。

周希炯 (民92)。學習動機、人格特質與學習滿意間關係之研究-以私立大學商管學程碩士在職專班為例。淡江大學商管學院高階主管管理碩士論文，未出版，台北縣。

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李順能 (民94)。組織變革下員工之變革認知、工作態度與工作績效之相關研究－以A軍用航空發動機修護工廠為例。樹德科技大學經營管理研究所碩士論文，未出版，高雄縣。

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姚裕錡 (民95)。人格特質、工作態度與工作績效關聯性之研究－以台中地區文理補習班員工為例。朝陽科技大學工業工程與管理系碩士論文，未出版，台中縣。

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張新立、潘盟煌 (民85)。交通違規行為習慣性之衡量與影響因素之研究。運輸學刊，9(2)，121-152。

張惠君 (民90)。家庭系統、學校系統與國中生自我控制及偏差行為之研究─以台南地區為例。國立成功大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台南市。

許清鈞 (民93)。金控成立後銀行之組織氣候、員工人格特質對員工工作滿意度及組織承諾影響之研究。國立成功大學管理學院高階管理碩士在職專班碩士論文，未出版，台南市。

陳碩琳 (民92)。目標導向、學習滿意度與學習績效關係之研究─以國立空中大學高雄學習指導中心為例。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士在職專碩士論文，未出版，高雄市。

陳文聰、謝琬菱 (民95)。旅館從業人員人格特質與工作滿意度－以台灣地區國際觀光旅館為例。第六屆觀光休閒暨餐旅產業永續經營學術研討會論文集，2-3。

曾文星、徐靜 (民86)。現代精神醫學。台北市：水牛出版社。

黃芳銘 (民94)。結構方程模式：理論與應用(四版)。台北市：五南。

楊濡菖 (民95)。中華電信行動分公司台中營運處機務人員人格特質、工作態度與工作績效關係之研究。朝陽科技大學工業工程與管理系碩士論文，未出版，台中縣。

楊書銘 (民92)。休閒運動消費者行為之研究-台南市立羽球館為例。國立臺灣體育學院體育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台中市。

蔡婕妤 (民89)。台灣地區機車騎士之駕駛者行為風險評估。東海大學統計學系碩士論文，未出版，台中市。

趙延祥 (民93)。應用計畫行為理論探討行人違規行為之研究。逢甲大學交通工程與管理學系碩士論文，未出版，台中市。

賴祈延 (民97)。影響我國機車駕駛人違規闖紅燈行為決策之因子研究。國立交通大學運輸科技與管理學系碩士論文，未出版，新竹市。

謝智仁 (民91)。道路暴力行為意向之研究。國立交通大學運輸科技與管理學系碩士論文，未出版，新竹市。

鍾士彥 (民92)。以習慣領域觀點探討都市地區駕駛者闖紅燈行為。逢甲大學交通工程與管理學系碩士論文，未出版，台中市。

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