系統識別號 | U0002-2301201412335700 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2014.00889 |
論文名稱(中文) | 非負矩陣之非負平方根 |
論文名稱(英文) | Nonnegative square roots of nonnegative matrices |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 數學學系碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Mathematics |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 102 |
學期 | 1 |
出版年 | 103 |
研究生(中文) | 黃鵬瑞 |
研究生(英文) | Peng-Rui Huang |
學號 | 696190155 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 英文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2014-01-03 |
論文頁數 | 62頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
譚必信(bsm01@mail.tku.edu.tw)
委員 - 簡茂丁 委員 - 曾琇瑱 |
關鍵字(中) |
非負矩陣 非負平方根 |
關鍵字(英) |
Nonnegative matrix nonnegative square root Perron-Frobenius theorem square root of digraph |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
一般方陣的平方根問題,在許多現有的文獻中已經可以找到答案。 但並無太多文獻上的結果提到非負矩陣之非負平方根的存在性問題。本文主要探討,非負矩陣在甚麼條件下擁有非負平方根。首先討論並且完整刻劃2階非負矩陣之存在性與唯一性問題。我們也得出一些結果知道在甚麼情況下,一個有向圖會有平方根,從而可以藉由非負矩陣所伴隨的有向圖,判斷非負矩陣是否有非負平方根。本文主要探討的有向圖則是路徑、迴圈、置換有向圖以及偶圖。此外,我們也得出秩1非負矩陣擁有非負p次方根與單項非負矩陣之非負平方根存在性的充分且必要條件及考慮對稱非負方陣擁有對稱非負平方根的存在性問題。 |
英文摘要 |
For a complex square matrix, there are many references on the question of the existence of a square root. However, not much is known about the question of existence of entrywise nonnegative square roots for an entrywise square nonnegative matrix. The purpose of this thesis is to address the question of when a nonnegative matrix has a nonnegative square root. We settle the existence and uniqueness question for $2 times 2$ nonnegative matrices. We relate the nonnegative square root problem for nonnegative matrices to the square root problem for digraphs, and focus on nonnegative matrices whose digraphs are paths, circuits, permutation digraphs or bigraphs. Moreover, we characterize rank-one nonnegative matrices that have nonnegative $p$th root, and nonnegative square roots of nonnegative monomial matrices, and also treat the question of when a symmetric nonnegative matrix has a symmetric nonnegative square root. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
Preface v Acknowledgement vii Notation ix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Historical Background . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Preliminary Results . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Square Roots for Complex and Real Matrices . . . . 4 2 The Two-by-Two Case 6 2.1 Main Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.2 Remarks and Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3 Square Roots of Digraphs 15 3.1 De nitions and Notations . . . . . . . . . . .. 15 3.2 Directed Paths and Circuits . . . . . . . . . .. 17 3.3 Bigraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26 4 Special Classes of Nonnegative Matrices 34 4.1 Symmetric Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34 4.2 Rank-One Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5 Final Remarks and Open Questions 46 5.1 Complete Positivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5.2 Necessary Conditions Arising from the Nonnegative Inverse Eigenvalue Problem . . .. . . 49 5.3 Max Algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 51 5.4 Primes in the Semigroup of Nonnegative Matrices . 53 5.5 Soules Basis . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.6 The Equations $Bj = Aj . . . AmA1 . . . A_{j-1}, 1 leq m leq j$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.7 Directions for Further Research . . . . . . . . . 57 References 59 |
參考文獻 |
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