本研究採用直徑45 mm之水旋風分離器，分別進行實驗和模擬的分析，實驗方面使用馬鈴薯澱粉為粉體，討論不裝葉片與加裝不同葉片大小之影響，採用分析溢流與底流之粒徑分佈及分級效率，模擬方面以多相流VOF模式與紊流LES模式模擬空氣核心並分析流場流態，並模擬粒子在不同壁厚的伸入水旋風分離器之溢流管的流動情形。 
    實驗結果顯示，葉片會將0-40 微米粒子掃向水旋風分離器之內壁，使0-40 微米粒子的分級效率有明顯提高，且在高分流比與高進口端壓力下，可以使用較長與較高之葉片，可獲得更好的小粒徑粒子之分級效率，模擬部分發現當伸入水旋風分離器之溢流管越薄有越好的分級效率，但分流比0.72時1.5 mm壁厚反而會使0-35 微米粒子的分級效率變差，根據模擬結果，欲收集澄清液可使用適當的薄壁，欲分離大小粒徑可使用適當的厚壁。

In this study, we use 45 mm diameter hydrocyclone to experiment and simulation. In the experiment, we used potato starch as particles to realize its classification. The effects of variations in overflow diameter and underflow diameter on particle size distribution and separation efficiency were analyzed. In the simulation, the air core was simulated successfully by VOF model and LES model, and simulation particle fluid situation in different thickness vortex finder wall which is entering the hydrocyclone.
  According to experiment results, the experiment results show that the vane will sweep 0-40 micrometer particle size to the inside wall of hydrocyclone. Let will enable the 0-40 micrometer size of the separation efficiency to have the distinct enhancement. In high flow split to and high inlet pressure, use longer and higher vane, can enable the small particle size of the separation efficiency better. In the simulation, can find thinner vortex finder wall which is entering the hydrocyclone have better separation efficiency. But in flow split 0.72, the 1.5 mm wall will cause 0-35 micrometer particle size of the separation efficiency worse. According to simulation results, use the suitable thin wall to collect clear fluid, use the suitable thick wall to separate the size of particle.

目錄
頁次
中文摘要                                                      Ⅰ
英文摘要                                                      Ⅱ
目錄                                                          Ⅲ
圖表目錄                                                      Ⅶ


第一章	緒論…………………………………………………………………….1
 1-1 前言………………………………………………………………………1
 1-2 研究動機與目的……………………………………………………...….3
第二章	文獻回顧……………………………………………………………….5
  2-1 水旋風分離器之發展概述………………………………………………5
    2-1-1 水旋風分離器之歷史概述…………………………………………5
    2-1-2 水旋風分離器之結構簡介…………………………………………6
    2-1-3 水旋風分離器之規格………………………………………………9
    2-1-4 水旋風分離器之應用…………………………………………..10
    2-1-5 水旋風分離器之優缺點…………………………………………..12
  2-2 水旋風分離器之特殊現象…………………………………………..13
    2-2-1 魚勾現象…………………………………………………………..13
    2-2-2 空氣核心…………………………………………………………..14
    2-2-3 短路流現象………………………………………………………..15
    2-2-4 循環流……………………………………………………………..15
  2-3 數值計算在水旋風分離器的應用……………………………………..17
  2-4 計算軟體FLUENT在水旋風分離器的應用………………………….19
第三章	理論與數值方法……………………………………………………...22
  3-1 水旋風分離器之分離原理……………………………………………..22
    3-1-1 水旋風分離器之基本理論……………………………………......22
    3-1-2 粒子在流體中沉降受力分析……………………………………..23
    3-1-3 剪應力……………………………………………………………..27
  3-2 水旋風分離器之基礎理論……………………………………………..29
    3-2-1 平衡軌道理論(The Equilibrium Orbit Theory)…………………...29
    3-2-2 無因次群………………………………………………………......30
  3-3 水旋風分離器效率分析………………………………………………..33
    3-3-1 幾何結構…………………………………………………………..33
    3-3-2 物性參數…………………………………………………………..36
    3-3-3 操作參數…………………………………………………………..37
  3-4 FLUENT數值模擬……………………………………………...………40
    3-4-1 模擬軟體與基本假設……………………………………………..40
    3-4-2 幾何結構與網格建立……………………………………………..40
    3-4-3 統御方程式………………………………………………………..43
    3-4-4 多相流方程式……………………………………………………..43
    3-4-5 流體流動模型……………………………………………………..47
    3-4-6 邊界條件…………………………………………………………..49
    3-4-7 離散化方法………………………………………………………..50
    3-4-8 收斂準則…………………………………………………………..50
第四章	實驗裝置與方法……………………………………………………...51
  4-1 實驗物料………………………………………………………………..51
  4-2 實驗儀器………………………………………………………………..52
  4-3 實驗裝置………………………………………………………………..54
  4-4 實驗步驟………………………………………………………………..60
第五章	結果與討論…………………………………………………………...62
  5-1 水旋風分離器基本式與無因次群……………………………………..62
  5-2 壓降效應………………………………………………………………..69
  5-3 不同葉片之影響………………………………………………………..72
    5-3-1 葉片效應…………………………………………………………..72
    5-3-2 葉片高度效應……………………………………………………..83
    5-3-3 葉片長度效應……………………………………………………..89
    5-3-4 結果討論…………………………………………………………..94
  5-4 模擬結果………………………………………………………………..96
第六章	結論………………………………………………………………….105
符號說明……………………………………………………………………...107
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………...110

圖表目錄
頁次
圖目錄
第二章
圖2-1 水旋風結構圖…………………………………………………...………8
圖2-2 水旋風分離器兩種基本設計之結構(a)長錐形；(b)短錐形…………..10
圖2-3 水旋風分離器之魚勾現象…………………………………….………13
第三章
圖3-1 三種渦流的速度分佈圖(Puprasert et al. 2004)………………………..28
圖3-2 粒子的離心力與流體的阻力相等之示意圖(kawatra et al. 1996)…....29
圖3-3 零速包絡面圖(kawatra et al. 1996)…………………………………....30
圖3-4 水旋風分離器之基本結構…………………………………………….35
圖3-5 水旋風分離器結構圖………………………………………………….41
圖3-6 水旋風分離器之網格………………………………………………….42
第四章
圖4-1 馬鈴薯澱粉累積粒徑分佈圖………………………………………….51
圖4-2 幫浦之水力揚程圖…………………………………………………….52
圖4-3 水旋風分離器之尺寸圖……………………………………………….55
圖4-4 with standard vane(WSV)葉片尺寸圖…………………………………56
圖4-5 vane height long(VHL)葉片尺寸圖…………………………………….57
圖4-6 vane height short(VHS)葉片尺寸圖……………………………………57
圖4-7 vane length long(VLL)葉片尺寸圖.........................................................58
圖4-8 vane length short(VLS)葉片尺寸圖........................................................58
圖4-9 整體實驗裝置圖.....................................................................................59
第五章
圖5-1 葉片在水旋風分離器內部之位置圖(WSV)..........................................63
圖5-2 不同進口端壓力下進口端、溢流端與底流端之流體流量...................64
圖5-3 進口流速在不同進口端壓力之關係圖.................................................65
圖5-4 特性速度在不同進口端壓力之關係圖.................................................66
圖5-5 雷諾數在不同進口端壓力之關係圖.....................................................67
圖5-6 尤拉數在不同進口端壓力之關係圖.....................................................68
圖5-7 不同進口端壓力之溢流端粒徑分佈圖(S分流比1.2)..........................69
圖5-8 不同進口端壓力之底流端粒徑分佈圖(S分流比1.2)..........................70
圖5-9 不同進口端壓力之分級效率曲線圖(S分流比1.2)..............................71
圖5-10 分流比1進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之累積粒徑分佈圖(S and WSV).73
圖5-11 分流比1進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之累積粒徑分佈圖(S and WSV).73
圖5-12 分流比1進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之累積粒徑分佈圖(S and WSV).74
圖5-13 分流比1進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV).76
圖5-14 分流比1進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV).76
圖5-15 分流比1進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV).77
圖5-16 葉片在水旋風分離器內部之位置圖(WSVU).....................................78
圖5-17 分流比1進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSVU)................................................................................................................79
圖5-18 分流比1進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSVU)................................................................................................................79
圖5-19 分流比1.2進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV)...................................................................................................................81
圖5-20 分流比1.2進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV)...................................................................................................................81
圖5-21 分流比1.2進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S and WSV)...................................................................................................................82
圖5-22 分流比1進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHS)....................................................................................................................84
圖5-23分流比1進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHS)....................................................................................................................84
圖5-24分流比1進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHS)....................................................................................................................85
圖5-25分流比1.2進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHL)....................................................................................................................87
圖5-26分流比1.2進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHL)....................................................................................................................87
圖5-27分流比1.2進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VHL)....................................................................................................................88
圖5-28分流比1.2進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VLS)....................................................................................................................90
圖5-29分流比1.2進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VLS)....................................................................................................................90
圖5-30分流比1.2進口端壓力0.6 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VLL)....................................................................................................................92
圖5-31分流比1.2進口端壓力0.9 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VLL)....................................................................................................................92
圖5-32分流比1.2進口端壓力1.2 kg/cm2下之分級效率曲線圖(S、WSV and VLL)....................................................................................................................93
圖5-33 加裝葉片之雙進料水旋風分離器示意圖...........................................95
圖5-34模擬使用之水旋風分離器結構圖.........................................................97
圖5-35 空氣體積分率分佈圖(a)壁厚W 1.5 mm (b)壁厚W 2.5 mm (c)壁厚W  4.5mm (d)壁厚W 6.5 mm...................................................................................98
圖5-36 壓力分佈圖(a)壁厚W 1.5 mm (b)壁厚W 2.5 mm (c)壁厚W 4.5mm  (d)壁厚W 6.5 mm.............................................................................................99
圖5-37 速度分佈圖(a)壁厚W 1.5 mm (b)壁厚W 2.5 mm (c)壁厚W 4.5mm
 (d)壁厚W 6.5 mm...........................................................................................100
圖5-38 速度向量分佈圖(a)壁厚W 1.5 mm (b)壁厚W 2.5 mm (c)壁厚W  4.5mm (d)壁厚W 6.5 mm.................................................................................101
圖5-39 模擬不同壁厚W之分級效率曲線圖(分流比0.85)..........................104
圖5-40 模擬不同壁厚W之分級效率曲線圖(分流比0.72)..........................104


    
表目錄
表5-1 分流比1.2時不同進口壓力與葉片之體積流率...................................63

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