紡織製造業中的染整廢水中含有高濃度的氯鹽、TSS、色度（colour）、COD、營養鹽類。以上這些污染物的生物降解性低，甚至有些染整廢水含有一些具毒性的介面活性劑，所以染整廢水是一具多樣性質且成分複雜的工業排放廢水。這些排放廢水不僅會影響環境的美觀，更對水體環境造成破壞。因為染料應用範圍廣，衍生的廢水性質複雜且對環境與人類的安全具有威脅，因此如何有效處理染料廢水，是水處理工程的重要課題。
由於染料種類繁多，且應用範圍極為廣泛。本研究只針對反應性染料使用直接電化學方法、間接電化學方法及傳統化學方法作染料色度去除之反應程序參數研究，並且比較各種方法對於染料色度去除率的效果。
本研究結果歸納如下：
1. 不論是直接電化學方法或是間直接電化學方法，膠羽吸附劑的量隨著電壓之改變，所產生的量也不同。外加電壓越大所產出之膠羽濃度越高。
2. 添加NaCl可增加溶液電導度以加速電化學反應。不論是直接電化學方法或間接電化學方法所生成之膠羽，均具有強大之吸附能力。
3. 三種方法所產出之膠羽吸附劑，對染料溶液的色度都具有相當的去除效果。
4. 比較傳統化學吸附方法與電化學方法處理染料後產生之廢棄污泥，電化學方法處理後的廢棄污泥較為穩定。
5. 在通電過程中，反應槽中的氯鹽離子可以防止陽極極板上產生之氧化物而影響通電反應。
6. 由本實驗得知電化學處理法可有效的縮短染料廢水的色度處理時間，且對染料廢水的色度有相當高的去除率。

To sustain color in textile, several chemicals are usually added into dye to enhance the attachment of the dye on the textile.  Hence the added chemicals induce pollution problem of the waste water, especially its color.  The amount of dye related chemicals is about 50% of the total waste water. The color of the waste water is one of the water pollution indices which evoke people’s direct impression of water quality. Small amount of dissolved dye can cause decrease of water transparency and solubility of gases.  Since most dyes are made of compounds with high molecular weight, they are difficult to be treated with biological processes.

Several means are considered to remove color of waste water caused by dye; however rare processes are able to remove color and COD at the same time. Other than the technical drawback, the treatment cost usually prohibits their long term application. Past study has proved that electrochemical method (low voltage DC.) is capable to be used in removing color in waste water effectively in laboratory scale. Because the direct electrochemical method requires considerable space that limit its application in many site retrofit, an indirect electrochemical method is considered in this study. A chemical process is introduced first to produce coagulant and then an electrical method is applied in sequence to remove dye caused color in waste water. The findings from this study may be concluded as below:

1.Both direct method and indirect method Fe-coagulation processes are effective for color removal from textile effluents.
2.Sodium chloride is essential in this process because the existence of NaCl reduces power consumption.
3.The by-product of the process, NaClO, is a strong oxidizing agent that can be used to further decompose the dye structure.
4.The Fe-coagulation process is effective for color removal from textile effluents.
5.Chemical method also is a good choice for color removal from textile effluents.
6.The sludge of electrochemical methods are more stable than that of chemical method.

目 次
第一章  前言	1
1-1 研究緣起	1
1-2 研究目的	2
1-3 研究範圍	3
第二章  文獻回顧	4
2-1 染料的分類	4
2-1.1 酸性染料	6
2-1.2 反應性染料	7
2-1.3 分散性染料	8
2-2 染料廢水處理方法	9
2-2.1 化學處理法	10
2-2.2 物理處理法	11
2-2.3 光催化處理法	12
2-2.4 生物處理法	13
2-2.5 電化學處理法	15
2-3 各種處理方法之成本比較分析	17
第三章 研究方法與實驗設計	19
3-1 反應機制	19
3-2 實驗設備	21
3-2.1 試驗染料	21
3-2.2 儀器規格	21
3-2.3 反應槽規格	23
3-2.4 實驗參數	23
3-2.5實驗程序	23
3-3 實驗步驟	26
3-3.1 直接電化學反應（Direct Electrochemical Method）	26
3-3.2 間接電化學反應（Indirect Electrochemical Method）	26
3-3.3 傳統化學反應（Chemical Method）	27
3-3.4 電化學反應槽內膠羽溶液之鐵離子含量測量	27
第四章  結果與討論	28
4-1 直接電化學方法（Direct electrochemical method）	28
4-2間直接電化學方法（Indirect electrochemical method）	32
4-3 傳統化學方法（Chemical Method）	35
第五章  結論與建議	38
5-1結論	38
5-2建議	39
第六章  參考文獻	40

 
圖目次
圖1. 偶氮類染料與蔥醌類染料之化學結構式	4
圖2. 共軛雙鍵在染料發色團中的作用	6
圖3. 染料acid red－266之化學結構式	7
圖4. 染料reactive blue－19之化學結構式	8
圖5. 電化學膠羽作用（鐵極板）對反應性染料、酸性染料及分散性染料之去除比較，Yang[21]	17
圖6. 電化學膠羽方法反應程序示意圖	20
圖8. Treatment time VS. dye solution conductivity.	28
圖9. Treatment time VS. dye solution current density.	29
圖10. Comparison for dye current density, absorbance (AU) and pH at same treatment time.	30
圖11. Total absorbance at different treatment time by direct electrochemical method	30
圖12. Total conversion of direct electrochemical method.	31
圖13. Total absorbance at different treatment time by indirect electrochemical method.	32
圖14. pH before treatment by indirect electrochemical method.	33
圖15. pH after treatment by indirect electrochemical method.	33
圖16. Comparison of dye colour conversion between direct and indirect electrochemical processes..	34
圖17. Total conversion of indirect electrochemical method.	35
圖18. Dye absorbance after chemical methods treatment.	36
圖19. Compare with different methods.	37
圖20. Coagulant concentration at high voltage and high NaCl  concentration	37
 
表目次
表1. 分散性染料、反應性染料、酸性染料染料特性歸納	9
表2. Colour and COD removal efficiencies and operation costs of available technologies.	18
表3. DR/4000 UV Vis Spectrophotometer: Specifications	22
表4. 實驗條件參數表	25

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