青光眼，是一種致盲性眼睛疾病，更是僅次於白內障造成失明的主要病因。眼壓，由眼球內房水之生成率與流出率所決定，當房水之生成、流出平衡失調便造成眼壓升高。
隅角閉鎖型青光眼的造成是因為虹膜阻塞隅角，造成隅角閉鎖，而導致房水無法順利流出，眼壓因此逐漸升高。當眼球內眼壓長期過高，視網膜神經持續遭受壓迫，將造成視神經損壞，視野縮小。
本研究主要探討隅角閉鎖型青光眼眼球後房壓力的變化，模擬眼球後房受前房擠壓後的壓力分布趨勢，觀察當後房壓力產生變化時，對於視神經及其周圍細胞造成之影響。

Glaucoma, second only to cataract, is the major cause of losing eyesight in the world. Intraocular pressure is determined by the formation rate and shedding rate of aqueous humor. Intraocular pressure is raised through increased production or decreased outflow of aqueous humor.
As the angle gets blocked by part of the iris, the fluid at the front of the eye cannot reach the angle and leave the eye. Therefore, the intraocular pressure increases gradually. It is generally acknowledged that excessive intraocular pressure, beyond the upper limit of optic nerve able to bear, makes the neural vision to be damaged, the visual field to be shrunk, flawed and damaged.
The research in this thesis is conducted to study the pressure distributions in the posterior chamber of an eye for Angle-closure glaucoma. The numerical simulations are designed to find the pressure distribution in posterior chamber when the stress is transmitted from anterior chamber. The effects on optic nerve and cell around can be observed as the pressure distribution in posterior chamber changes.

目 錄
中文摘要................................................ I
英文摘要................................................II
圖目錄.................................................VII
表目錄..................................................IX
第一章 序論..........................................- 1 -
1-1 前言.............................................- 1 -
1-2 研究之背景及目的.................................- 3 -
1-3 文獻回顧.........................................- 6 -
第二章 研究方法......................................- 7 -
2-1 有限元素法概述...................................- 7 -
2-2 應用軟體.........................................- 7 -
2-3 研究過程.........................................- 8 -
第三章 分析理論.....................................- 10 -
3-1 有限元素概述....................................- 10 -
3-2 表面壓力換算公式................................- 10 -
3-3 應變與應力..................................... - 11 -
3-3-1 應變（strain） .............................. - 11 -
3-3-2 應力（stress） ...............................- 12 -
第四章 正常眼壓模擬分析.............................- 13 -
4-1 壓力對正常眼球影響..............................- 13 -
4-1-1 眼壓..........................................- 13 -
4-1-2 房水..........................................- 13 -
4-2 房水流出之路徑..................................- 14 -
4-3 正常眼壓分析....................................- 16 -
4-3-1 模擬設定概念..................................- 16 -
4-3-2 分析流程......................................- 17 -
4-4 分析步驟........................................- 18 -
4-4-1 選定使用的元素形式............................- 18 -
4-4-2 輸入材料參數..................................- 18 -
4-4-3 建立分析模型..................................- 19 -
4-4-4 模型網格化....................................- 20 -
4-4-5 輸入負載條件..................................- 23 -
4-4 結果分析........................................- 24 -
第五章 隅角閉鎖型青光眼眼壓模擬分析.................- 25 -
5-1 青光眼類型......................................- 26 -
5-1-1 慢性(原發性開角型)青光眼......................- 26 -
5-1-2 低壓性或正常眼壓性青光眼......................- 26 -
5-1-3 急性(閉角型)青光眼............................- 26 -
5-1-4 繼發型青光眼..................................- 27 -
5-1-5 先天性青光眼..................................- 27 -
5-2 模擬方式........................................- 28 -
5-3 結果分析........................................- 29 -
第六章 隅角閉鎖型青光眼發病機制之探討...............- 32 -
6-1 青光眼發病機制..................................- 32 -
6-2 模擬分析........................................- 32 -
6-3 結果分析........................................- 43 -
第七章 結論與未來展望...............................- 44 -
7-1 結論............................................- 44 -
7-2 未來展望........................................- 46 -
參考文獻............................................- 47 -
附錄一：隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分析結果................- 50 -
圖目錄
圖1-1  眼睛橫截面示意圖……………………………………………4
圖2-1  研究過程流程…………………………………………………9
圖4-1  房水流動示意圖………………………………………………14
圖4-2  房水主要及次要路徑流動示意圖……………………………15
圖4-3  ANSYS分析流程圖……………………………………………17
圖4-4  SOLID45元素格式圖…………………………………………18
圖4-5  眼球本體模型圖………………………………………………20
圖4-6  眼球前後房模型………………………………………………21
圖4-7  簡化之眼球半球模型…………………………………………22
圖4-8  眼球半球分析模型網格圖……………………………………22
圖4-9  模擬負載條件示意圖…………………………………………23
圖4-10 正常眼壓房水流動壓力圖……………………………………24
圖4-11 正常眼壓水晶體及玻璃體應力圖……………………………25
圖4-12 正常眼壓水晶體及玻璃體壓力分布趨勢圖（S3圖）………25
圖5-1  隅角閉鎖型青光眼房水流動示意圖…………………………28
圖5-2  隅角閉鎖型青光眼眼壓應力圖………………………………29
圖5-3  隅角閉鎖型青光眼眼壓壓力分布趨勢圖（S3圖）…………30
圖5-4  青光眼患者視野圖……………………………………………30
圖6-1  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 0秒) …………………………33
圖6-2  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 60秒)…………………………33
圖6-3  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 150秒)…………………………34
圖6-4  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 210秒)…………………………34
圖6-5  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 330秒)…………………………35
圖6-6  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 420秒)…………………………35
圖6-7  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 470秒)…………………………36
圖6-8  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 520秒)…………………………36
圖6-9  隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 600秒)…………………………37
圖6-10 隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 30分)…………………………38
圖6-11 隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分布趨勢圖( 30分)………………38
圖6-12 隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 70分)…………………………39
圖6-13 隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分布趨勢圖( 70分)………………39
圖6-14 隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 120分)………………………40
圖6-15 隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分布趨勢圖( 120分)………………40
圖6-16 隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 170分)…………………………41
圖6-17 隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分布趨勢圖( 170分)………………41
圖6-18 隅角閉鎖型青光眼應力圖( 180分)…………………………42
圖6-19 隅角閉鎖型青光眼壓力分布趨勢圖( 180分)………………42
表目錄
表4-1 材料參數表……………………………………………………19

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