本研究以恆壓過濾系統，採透析過濾操作方法移除玻尿酸溶液中之蛋白質溶菌酶，探討在電解質種類及濃度、攪拌速度、進料溶液濃度、透析體積及透析液電解質濃度下，對濾速、過濾阻力、玻尿酸/溶菌酶分離效率之影響。
     研究結果顯示，透析過濾玻尿酸與溶菌酶雙成分時，電解質離子強度越大，造成玻尿酸分子脫水效應使HA堆積形態越緊密，濾速相對較低；而電解質造成溶菌酶與薄膜之間的靜電作用力降低，使溶菌酶較不易吸附於膜面上，較易通過薄膜，提高移除效率。加入攪拌可有效降低過濾阻力而提高濾速。隨著透析過濾操作之進行，若透析液中電解質濃度持續增大，對溶菌酶之移除率有顯著改善。

This study investigated the effect of electrolytes on removal of protein(lysozyme,LY) from hyaluronic acid(HA) solution with using diafiltration in a dead-end stirred cell. The flux behavior, filtration resistance and HA/LY separation efficiency were discussed under various operating parameters such as electrolyte types, electrolyte concentrations, stirred rates, feed concentrations and diavolumes.
     Experimental results showed that the permeate flux decreased with the increase of ion strength of electrolyte which caused the HA molecules to form a more compact deposited layer on membrane surface. Meanwhile, the LY molecules did not aggregate because the surface charge of LY was covered by the electrode ion strength. The isolated LY molecules can pass through the membrane more smoothly. Therefore, the reduction of LY from the mixture solution of HA/LY increased with in creasing the ion strength, the permeate flux can be effectively enhanced by the addition of stir that disturbed the polarization layer of HA and reduced the filtration resistance. In diafiltrating the HA/LY solution, the step increase of electrolyte concentration in dialyate solution has significant.

致謝                                                     I
中文摘要                                          II                                                  
英文摘要                                         III                                                 
目錄                                           IV
圖目錄                                          VIII                                                  
表目錄                                                 XII
第一章 緒論	1
1.1 前言	1
1.2 薄膜分離	1
1.3 薄膜型態與模組	4
1.4結垢現象	5
1.5 研究目的	7
第二章 文獻回顧	11
2.1 玻尿酸	11
2.1.1 玻尿酸的由來	11
2.1.2 玻尿酸之純化	12
2.1.3 玻尿酸之應用	14
2.2 透析過濾相關研究	17
2.2.1 透析過濾理論分析與純化效果之研究	17
2.2.2 透析過濾之應用	19
2.3影響濾速之因素	20
2.4提升濾速之方法	22
2.5 濾速分析模式	23
第三章 實驗裝置與方法	28
3.1 實驗裝置	28
3.2實驗藥品	29
3.3實驗步驟	30
3.4 操作條件	31
3.5 分析方法	32
3.5.1 玻尿酸含量之測定	32
3.5.2蛋白質含量之測定	33
3.5.3 阻隔率之計算(Rejection,Rj)	35
3.5.4 排除率之計算(Reduction,Rd)	35
3.6 實驗後薄膜之清洗	35
第四章 結果與討論	39
4.1 薄膜純水濾速	39
4.2 單成分透析過濾	40
4.2.1 電解質對單成分LY溶液透析過濾之影響	40
4.2.2 電解質對單成分HA溶液透析過濾之影響	41
4.3 雙成分HA/LY透析過濾行為	41
4.3.1操作參數對濾速及阻力之影響	41
4.3.1-1 電解質種類	41
4.3.1-2 電解質(NaCl)濃度	42
4.3.1-3攪拌速度	42
4.3.1-4透析體積	42
4.3.1-5透析液電解質濃度	43
4.3.1-6進料溶液濃度	43
4.3.2 移除HA溶液之電解質	43
4.3.3 雙成分HA/LY之分離效率	44
4.3.3-1電解質種類	44
4.3.3-2電解質(NaCl)濃度	44
4.3.3-3攪拌速度	45
4.3.3-4透析體積	45
4.3.3-5透析液電解質濃度	45
4.3.3-6進料溶液濃度	46
第五章 結論	65
參考文獻	67
附錄A	75
附錄B	76

圖目錄
Fig.1.1 The classification of membrane separation process.	9
Fig.1.2 The diagram of (a)dead end filtration and (b)cross-flow filtration.	10
Fig.2.1 The Schematic diagram of diafiltration.	26
Fig.2.2 Typical methods to reduce concentration polarization and fouling in pressure driving membrane processes.	27
Fig.3.1 The experimental apparatus of dead-end.                 	 37
Fig.4.1 Pure water fluxes at different pressures of 100kDa membrane.	39
Fig.4.2 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of lysozyme(LY) under different electrolyte concentrations.	47
Fig.4.3 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of lysozyme(LY) under different electrolyte concentrations.	47
Fig.4.4 Effect of electrolyte concentrations on reduce of LY conc.	48
Fig.4.5 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of HA under different electrolyte concentrations.	48
Fig.4.6 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of HA under different electrolyte concentrations.	49
Fig.4.7 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte types.	50
Fig.4.8 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte types.	50
Fig.4.9 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations.	51
Fig.4.10 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations.	51
Fig.4.11 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different Stirring speeds.	52
Fig.4.12 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different Stirring speeds.	52
Fig.4.13 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different diavolumes.	53
Fig.4.14 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different diavolumes.	53
Fig.4.15 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different diavolumes.	54
Fig.4.16 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different diavolumes.	54
Fig.4.17 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate.	55
Fig.4.18 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate.	55
Fig.4.19 Time coursesfiltration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate.	56
Fig.4.20 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate.	56
Fig.4.21 Time courses filtration flux on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different feed solution concentrations.	57
Fig.4.22 Time courses filtration resistances on diafiltration of binary HA/LY solution under different feed solution concentrations.	57
Fig.4.23 Removal of electrolyte from hyaluronic acid solution after diafiltration.	58
Fig.4.24 Effect of different electrolyte types on reduce of LY conc. of binary HA/LY solution.	58
Fig.4.25 Effect of different electrolyte concentrations on reduce of LY conc. of binary HA/LY solution.	59
Fig.4.26 Effect of different Stirring speeds on reduce of LY conc. of binary HA/LY solution.	59
Fig.4.27 Effect of different diavolumes on reduce of LY conc. of binary HA/LY solution.	60
Fig.4.28 Effect of different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate on reduce of LY conc of binary HA/LY solution.	60
Fig.4.29 Effect of different feed solution concentrations on reduce of LY conc of binary HA/LY solution.	61
Fig.4.30 Effect of different electrolyte types on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	61
Fig.4.31 Effect of different electrolyte concentrations on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	62
Fig.4.32 Effect of different stirring speeds on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	62
Fig.4.33 Effect of different diavolumes on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	63
Fig.4.34 Effect of different electrolyte concentrations of dialysate on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	63
Fig.4.35 Effect of different feed solution concentrations on the rejection of HA of binary HA/LY solution.	64
Fig.A.1 The calibration curve of HA solution.	75
Fig.B.1 The calibration curve of LY solution.	76

表目錄
Table1.1 The classification of driving force in different operation process.	9
Table3.1 The property of disc membrane.	38
Table3.2 The properties of hyaluronic acid(HA).	38
Table3.3 The properties of lysozyme(LY).	38

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