系統識別號 | U0002-2008200815163100 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2007.00622 |
論文名稱(中文) | 受風水平振動之舒適度評估 |
論文名稱(英文) | Evaluation of Human Comfort Criteria to Wind-Induced Horizontal Vibration |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 土木工程學系碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Civil Engineering |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 96 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 96 |
研究生(中文) | 陳振堂 |
研究生(英文) | Jeng-Tang Chen |
學號 | 694310425 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2008-07-07 |
論文頁數 | 74頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
吳重成(joncheng@mail.tku.edu.tw)
委員 - 鄭啟明(CMCheng@mail.tku.edu.tw) 委員 - 陳瑞華(rhcherng@mail.ntust.edu.tw) |
關鍵字(中) |
風致振動 舒適度標準 回歸週期 振動模擬台 包生分布 |
關鍵字(英) |
Wind-Induced Motion Comfort Criteria Return Period Motion Simulator Poisson Distribution |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
建築物在受風擾動下,除了安全性上受關注,其使用人員的舒適度在結構設計裡亦是一個重要的議題。對於建築物受風影響造成的振動,其舒適度規範的制定長久以來一直備受爭議,除了身體因素之外,還包括心理因素等眾多因素影響。最近台灣風力規範訂定之舒適度標準為5 mm/sec²加速度,其對應之回歸週期為半年。 為建立在地資料以作為未來風力規範改進之參考,本研究使用淡江大學風工程研究中心新建置之振動模擬台,建立一套方法學及流程,以求得舒適度門檻值與回歸週期;並具體執行簡諧振動之初步試驗與正式試驗,獲得調查資料,並據以建立舒適度規範(2%、5%與50%反對百分比)與對應之回歸週期。 由結果得知:(1)舒適度門檻值將隨不同振動頻率而改變(0~1Hz);(2)處於前後振動方向較處於左右振動方向敏感。然而,依據本論文之方法求得之回歸週期並無法合理地隨反對百分比增加而增長。此乃因為假設包松分配並不隨振動情況之不同而變,未來之研究將對此做適當修正,使回歸週期之決定更合理。 |
英文摘要 |
Under wind disturbance, the comfort of occupants in buildings is an important issue in the structural design aside from safety consideration. The human comfort criterion for wind-induced motion has been a long-time controversial issue because many factors, either physiological or psychological, can considerably differentiate the outcome. Recently, a constant criterion of 5 cm/sec2 for a half-year return period was regulated in Taiwan building wind code. In an attempt to build up the local data base in preparation for improving the building wind code in the future, this research aims to conduct surveys to investigate the comfort criteria by using a motion simulator newly constructed at the wind engineering research center, Tamkang University. A methodology and feasible procedure to determine the comfort threshold and the return period were proposed in this study. Two surveys (one tentative and one formal) using harmonic motion have been performed to obtain the comfort thresholds for 2%, 10% and 50% of people objecting and their corresponding return periods. The results show that (1) comfort thresholds are frequency-dependent within 0~1 Hz; (2) people with body orientation in fore-aft direction are more senitive to vibration than in side-to-side direction. However, it is found that, following the methodology proposed, the return period obtained does not reasonably increase with percentage of people objecting. It is due to the assumption of the same Poisson distribution for each vibration case in the methodology, which is to be improved in the future consecutive studies. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 表目錄………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………Ⅴ 符號對照表…………………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1 1.1前言………………………………………………………………………1 1.2文獻回顧…………………………………………………………………2 1.3 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………7 1.4論文架構…………………………………………………………………8 第二章 實驗設計與流程…………………………………………………………15 2.1實驗設備與器材…………………………………………………15 2.1.1水平振動台………………………………………………………15 2.1.2感受室……………………………………………………………16 2.2第一階段實驗設計-初步試驗…………………………………………17 2.2.1振動參數之選取…………………………………………………17 2.2.2實驗要項…………………………………………………………17 2.2.3試驗流程…………………………………………………………18 2.3第二階段實驗設計-正式試驗…………………………………………19 2.3.1振動參數之選取…………………………………………………19 2.3.2實驗要項…………………………………………………………19 2.3.3試驗流程…………………………………………………………20 2.4問卷設計………………………………………………………………21 2.4.1初步試驗之舒適度問卷…………………………………………22 2.4.2正式試驗(1)前期問卷 (2)舒適度問卷………………………24 第三章 方法與理論………………………………………………………………32 3.1舒適度門檻值之分析…………………………………………………32 3.1.1 對數常態分佈(Log-Normal Distribution)之假設…………32 3.2回歸週期分析…………………………………………………………33 3.2.1 包松分佈(Poisson Distribution)之假設…………………34 3.2.2 負面抱怨百分比之期望值與回歸週期之關係………………34 第四章 問卷統計結果………………………………………………………………37 4.1初步試驗………………………………………………………………37 4.1.1 門檻值…………………………………………………………37 4.1.2 回歸週期………………………………………………………38 4.2正式試驗之前後振動感受……………………………………………38 4.2.1 門檻值…………………………………………………………39 4.2.2 回歸週期………………………………………………………40 4.3正式試驗之左右振動感受……………………………………………41 4.3.1 門檻值…………………………………………………………41 4.3.2 回歸週期………………………………………………………42 4.4本研究舒適度門檻與ISO 6987-1984 之比較………………………43 第五章 討論與建議………………………………………………………………63 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………67 附錄一 初步試驗-舒適度問卷……………………………………………………70 附錄二 正式試驗-先期問卷………………………………………………………71 附錄三 正式試驗-舒適度問卷……………………………………………………74 表目錄 表(1.3.1)Takeshi Goto建議之感受標準…………………………………………10 表(1.3.2)Isyumov與Kilpatrick建議之感受標準………………………………10 表(2.2.1)初步試驗頻率、振幅與加速度對應表…………………………………28 表(2.3.1)正式試驗頻率、振幅與加速度對應表…………………………………28 表(4.1.1a)初步試驗受試者出現負面抱怨之百分比……………………………45 表(4.1.1b)初步試驗之舒適度門檻值與回歸期(2%出現負面抱怨)……………45 表(4.1.2a)初步試驗受試者不能忍受一年內再次出現 次該振動之百分比…46 表(4.2.1a)正式試驗前後振動下受試者出現負面抱怨百分比…………………47 表(4.2.1b)正式試驗前後振動下出現2%負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………47 表(4.2.1c)正式試驗前後振動下出現10%負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………47 表(4.2.1d)正式試驗前後振動下出現50%負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………48 表(4.2.2)正式試驗前後振動下受試者不能忍受一年內再次出現 次該振動之百分比…………………………………………………………………………………48 表(4.3.1a)正式試驗左右振動下受試者給予負面抱怨百分比…………………49 表(4.3.1b)正式試驗左右振動下出現2% 負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………49 表(4.3.1c)正式試驗左右振動下出現10% 負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………49 表(4.3.1d)正式試驗左右振動下出現50% 負面抱怨之加速度門檻值與回歸週期……………………………………………………………………………………50 表(4.3.2)正式試驗左右振動下受試者不能忍受一年內再次出現 次該振動之百分比…………………………………………………………………………………50 圖目錄 圖(1.3.1)特殊用途建築物內人體之振動感受門檻值;曲線1–容許加速度值之最低門檻;曲線2–容許加速度值之平均門檻……………………………………11 圖(1.3.2)曲線1–一般用途建築物容許加速度門檻值;曲線2–離岸結構(Off-Shore Fixed Structures)容許加速度門檻值………………………………12 圖(1.3.3)水平向正弦波之感受門檻值……………………………………………13 圖(1.3.4)水平向之舒適度標準……………………………………………………14 圖(1.3.5)一年回歸週期下之各國舒適度規範……………………………………14 圖(2.1)舒適度感受實驗室…………………………………………………………29 圖(2.1.1)水平振動模擬台…………………………………………………………29 圖(2.1.2a)感受室外觀……………………………………………………………30 圖(2.1.2b)感受室內觀透視圖……………………………………………………30 圖(2.1.2c)感受室內部實景………………………………………………………31 圖(4.1.1)初步試驗舒適度門檻值之累積分佈函數(CDF)………………………51 圖(4.1.2)初步試驗2% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係……52 圖(4.2.1)正式試驗前後振動下舒適度門檻值之累積分佈函數(CDF)…………53 圖(4.2.2a)正式試驗期後振動下2% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係…………………………………………………………………………………54 圖(4.2.2b)正式試驗前後振動下10% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係………………………………………………………………………………55 圖(4.2.2c)正式試驗前後振動下50% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係………………………………………………………………………………56 圖(4.3.1)正式試驗左右振動下舒適度門檻值之累積分佈函數(CDF)…………57 圖(4.3.2a)正式試驗左右振動下2% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係…………………………………………………………………………………58 圖(4.3.2b)正式試驗左右振動下 10% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係………………………………………………………………………………59 圖(4.3.2c)正式試驗左右振動下 50% 受試者出現負面抱怨時,加速度與回歸週期關係………………………………………………………………………………60 圖(4.4.1)初步試驗結果與ISO 6897之比較………………………………………61 圖(4.4.2)正式試驗結果與ISO 6897之比較………………………………………62 圖(5.1)正式試驗前後振動下出現2%、10%與50%負面抱怨時,門檻值與回歸週期關係圖………………………………………………………………………………66 |
參考文獻 |
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