本研究係採用直徑45mm，錐長85mm、110mm、150mm之水旋風分離器，使用黑色碳化矽粉末作為實驗粉體，並以計算流體力學軟體FLUENT進行模擬，討論水旋風分離器圓錐部分，在不同錐長時對水旋風分離器分離現象的影響。以實驗數值為基礎，用VOF多項流模式及LES紊流模式模擬水旋風分離器的流場狀態，並使用離散相模式(Discrete Phase Model)針對水旋風分離器中顆粒的運動行為進行分析，以討論不同錐長對水旋風分離器分級效率影響。
    
    實驗與模擬結果顯示，在相同的進料壓力下，錐長150mm的水旋風分離器分級效率最高；在粒子追蹤部分，水旋風分離器的錐長越長，越能提高粒子往底流的機率，代表錐長越長分離效果越好。

This study used 45 mm diameter hydrocyclone to experiment which with cone length 85 mm, 110 mm, 150 mm. The black silicon carbide as experimental particulates. Fluent, a simulation program, to carry out the process simulation. Furthermore, we discussed the separation of the hydrocyclone when we changed the cone length, also, we compared the performance as before. Based on experimental results, to simulate and analyze in multiphase VOF model and the LES turbulence model. At the same time, we set discrete phase model to analyze the motivation of particulates for observing the efficiency of classification.
  The experimental and simulated results show that in the same inlet pressure, cone length 150mm in hydrocyclone separation is better than cone length 85mm and 110mm. In particle track section, hydrocyclone with cone length 150mm,it can increase the chance that particles move to underflow. Its means the cone length getting longer, the separation is better.

中文摘要		                                        Ⅰ
英文摘要		                                        Ⅱ
目錄		                                        Ⅲ
圖表目錄		                                        Ⅵ

第一章 緒論		                                 1
  1-1 前言		                                 1
  1-2 研究動機與目的		                         3
第二章 文獻回顧		                                 4
  2-1 水旋風分離器之發展概論		                         4
    2-1-1水旋風分離器之發展歷史		                 4
    2-1-2水旋風分離器的基本分離原理		                 5
    2-1-3 水旋風分離器之幾何結構與簡介	               	 6
    2-1-4 水旋風分離器之規格與尺寸		                 8
    2-1-5 水旋風分離器的優缺點		                10
  2-2 固體顆粒在水旋風分離器流場中移動的受力分析		12
    2-2-1 固體顆粒在流場中的拖曳力	                        12
    2-2-2兩相流動中的受力分析	                        14
    2-2-3 拉格朗日法在顆粒運動中的應用		        16
    2-2-4 水旋風分離器中的剪切應力	                        17
  2-3 平行軌道理論	                                        18
  2-4 無因次群組	                                        19
  2-5 影響水旋風分離器之參數                      	        23
    2-5-1 幾何結構對水旋風分離器的影響	                23
    2-5-2 物性參數對水旋風分離器的影響	                26
    2-5-3 操作參數對水旋風分離器的影響	                27
  2-6 水旋風分離器之特殊現象	                                30
    2-6-1魚鉤現象	                                        30
    2-6-2空氣柱現象	                                31
    2-6-3 短路流現象	                                32
    2-6-4 循環流		                                32
  2-7 數值計算在水旋風分離器的應用	                        33
  2-8 數值計算方法	                                        40
    2-8-1 模擬軟體簡介		                        40
    2-8-2 建立幾何形狀與網格	                        41
    2-8-3 統御方程式	                                43
    2-8-4 邊界條件設定	                                47
第三章 實驗的裝置與方法	                                50
  3-1 實驗物料	                                        50
  3-2 實驗儀器與設備	                                51
  3-3 實驗水旋風分離器裝置	                                52
  3-4 實驗步驟	                                        60
第四章 結果與討論	                                        62
  4-1實驗部分	                                        62
    4-1-1 水旋風分離器的基本操作參數	                        62
    4-1-2水旋風分離器的分級效率		                64
  4-2 模擬部分	                                        68
    4-2-1 空氣體積分率	                                68
    4-2-2 模擬與實驗分級效率之比較	                        73
    4-2-3 模擬不同錐長水旋風分離器之分級效率	                75
    4-2-4 模擬粒子運動軌跡	                                76
第五章 結論	                                        95
符號說明	                                                97
參考文獻	                                               101

圖表目錄
第一章
圖1-1 混合液中所含粒子大小與適用之分離方法		         2
第二章
圖2-1 水旋風分離器裝置的結構與內部流動示意圖		         7
圖2-2 長錐與短錐水旋風分離器示意圖		                 9
圖2-3 三種渦流半徑與切線速度的示意圖		                18
圖2-4各截面軸速度分佈和零速包絡面(LZVV)		        19
圖2-5水旋風分離器的基本結構圖		                25
圖2-6 水旋風分離器的魚鉤現象		                        30
圖2-7 模擬用的水旋風分離器網格		                42
第三章
圖 3-1 碳化矽粉末之粒徑分佈圖		                50
圖 3-2 馬達外型圖		                                51
圖 3-3  圓錐85mm HC的幾何結構尺寸		                54
圖 3-4  圓錐110mm HC的幾何結構尺寸		                55
圖 3-5  圓錐150mm HC的幾何結構尺寸		                56
圖 3-6  實驗使用的水旋風分離器(85mm)		                57
圖 3-7  實驗使用的水旋風分離器(110mm)		        58
圖 3-8 水旋風分離器整體裝置圖		                59
第四章
圖 4-1 流率與進口壓力關係圖(錐長8.5 cm HC)	                63
圖 4-2 流率與進口壓力關係圖(錐長11 cm HC)	                63
圖 4-3 錐長8.5 cm HC進料、溢流和底流之累積粒徑百分比	        65
圖 4-4錐長11 cm HC進料、溢流和底流之累積粒徑百分比	        65
圖 4-5 不同錐長長度的實驗分級效率曲線	                        66
圖 4-6 錐長8.5cm的空氣體積分率		                69
圖 4-7 錐長11cm的空氣體積分率	                        70
圖 4-8 錐長15cm的空氣體積分率(錐長8.5cm模擬條件)	        71
圖 4-9 錐長15cm的空氣體積分率(錐長11cm模擬條件)	        72
圖 4-10 錐長8.5cm HC實驗與模擬之分級效率	                74
圖 4-11 錐長11cm HC實驗與模擬之分級效率	                74
圖 4-12 不同錐長模擬之分級效率	                        75
圖 4-13 錐長8.5cm水旋風分離器粒子起點示意圖	                77
圖 4-14 錐長11cm水旋風分離器粒子起點示意圖	                78
圖 4-15 錐長15cm水旋風分離器粒子起點示意圖	                79
圖 4-16 錐長8.5cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	80
圖 4-17 錐長8.5cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	81
圖 4-18 錐長8.5cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	82
圖 4-19 錐長8.5cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	83
圖 4-20 錐長11cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	84
圖 4-21 錐長11cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	85
圖 4-22 錐長11cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	86
圖 4-23 錐長11cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	87
圖 4-24 錐長15cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	88
圖 4-25 錐長15cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	89
圖 4-26 錐長15cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	90
圖 4-27 錐長15cm HC粒子軌跡(a)5um(b)10um(c)15um(d)20um	91

表目錄
第四章
表 4-1 進口及出口的重量百分率濃度	                        67
表 4-2 錐長8.5cm HC在不同位置與不同粒徑受到流場的影響	        93
表 4-3 錐長11cm HC在不同位置與不同粒徑受到流場的影響	        93
表 4-4 錐長15cm HC在不同位置與不同粒徑受到流場的影響	        94

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