在現今社會心血管疾病是造成國人死因的前幾名，為了改善疾病，人們開發了人工器官，如心室輔助器、人工心瓣、導管等，但心血管中會造成非生理性的流況，其流況所產生的血流應力會引發血液的破壞，特別是紅血球的損傷，稱為溶血。真實流場應包含有剪應力和拉伸應力。本研究以突縮之微細短毛細管做為實驗流場，其在進口端會產生一強烈的拉伸應力場，此流場先經由CFD的計算，求出其應力值，然後採用豬的新鮮紅血球，進行溶血的測試，以了解拉伸應力對溶血的影響。結果顯示和先前的研究結果是一致的，拉伸應力為影響紅血球破壞的主要機械力，且其閥值約為1000Pa。

Cardiovascular disease is the major leading cause of death  in nowadays society. For cure the disease, people have developed artificial organs, such as ventricular assist devices, artificial heart valves,catheters. But tubing can create non-physiologic flow conditions within the cardiovascular system. The stress forces generated in these flow fields can induce blood cell damage, particularly red blood cell damage or hemolysis. However, actual flow field forces include both shear stress and extensional stress. In this study, we created a strong extensional stress flow field with the sharp contraction of a short capillary. The flow field generated at the entrance of the capillary was calculated with CFD to determine the stress values, which was followed by hemolysis experiments with porcine red blood cells to determine the effects of extensional stress on hemolysis. Our results were consistent with prior studies in that the extensional stress was the primary mechanical force involved in hemolysis with a threshold value of 1000 Pa.

目錄
淡江大學研究生中文論文提要 I
Abstract:	II
謝誌	III
目錄	IV
圖目錄	VI
表目錄	VIII
第一章 緒論	1
1-1 前言	1
1-2 研究目的與動機	2
1-3 研究過程	4
第二章 文獻回顧	6
2-1 血球破壞閥值	6
第三章 實驗設置	11
3-1 CFD數值方法設定與模式模擬	11
3-2 拉伸流	13
3-3 溶血實驗 流場設置	13
3-4紅血球破壞實驗	14
第四章 結果與討論	18
4-1 流場模擬應力分布	18
4-2 流線上三應力之變化	31
4-3 平均權重法	32
4-3-1 溶血結果	34
4-3-2  速度與溶血指數IH之關係	36
4-3-3  應力與溶血指數IH之關係	38
4-4 迴歸分析	42
4-5 建議與改進	50
第五章 結論	51
參考文獻	52
圖目錄

圖2-1. 漸縮與突縮流場示意圖(a)漸縮流場示意圖(b)突縮流場示意圖。	10
圖3-1. 流場模擬設計圖。	12
圖3-2. 流場速度矢量圖。	13
圖3-3. 流場設置圖。	14
圖3-4. 溶寫實驗設置(a)步進馬達(b)不鏽鋼管。	17
圖3-5. 溶寫實驗設置之馬達控制器。	17
圖4-1.接近突縮口之切向應力(τ_rz)的等應力圖	19
圖4-2. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_zz)的等應力圖 	20
圖4-3. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_rr)的等應力圖	21
圖4-4. 接近突縮口之切向應力(τ_rz)的等應力圖	22
圖4-5. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_zz)的等應力圖	23
圖4-6. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_rr)的等應力圖	24
圖4-7. 接近突縮口之切向應力(τ_rz)的等應力圖	25
圖4-8. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_zz)的等應力圖	26
圖4-9. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_rr)的等應力圖	27
圖4-10. 接近突縮口之切向應力(τ_rz)的等應力圖	28
圖4-11. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_zz)的等應力圖	29
圖4-12. 接近突縮口之拉伸應力(τ_rr)的等應力圖	30
圖4-13. 三應力在流線上之變化。(d=0.051 cm，μ=17 cP，V=16 m/s)。	31
圖4-14. 此圖為等間隔流線於流場中，為一流場所取的十條線分布。	32
圖4-15. Velocity與溶血之關係圖。	36
圖4-16. (τ_rz)與溶血之關係圖。	38
圖4-17. (τ_rr)與溶血之關係圖。	39
圖4-18. (τ_zz)與溶血之關係圖。	40
圖4-19. (τ_zz)與溶血指數(IH)關係圖(D=0.051cm，μ=17cP、31cP)。	41
圖4-20. 切應力(τ_rz)與IH(%)之迴歸分析。	42
圖4-21. 切應力(τ_rr)與IH(%)之迴歸分析。	43
圖4-22. 切應力(τ_zz)與IH(%)之迴歸分析。	43
圖4-23.為0.051cm-17cP在速度條件下，(τ_rz)完整流場分布。	46
圖4-24.為0.051cm-17cP在速度條件下，(τ_zz)完整流場分布。	47
圖4-25.為0.051cm-17cP在速度條件下，(τ_rz)完整流場分布。	48
表目錄
表3-1.此為流場初始條件設計之依據，初始平均流速與Re數的數值。	12
表4-1.  17cP與31cP以面積權重法所得之流場應力值。	33
表4-2. 5cP、17cP、31cP溶血與對應之狹縫平均流速。	35
表4-3.以臨界流線的方式取得狹縫尺寸0.061cm(16:1)流線上對應之應力。	44
表4-4.以臨界流線的方式取得狹縫尺寸0.051cm(19:1)流線上對應之應力。	45

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