隨著經濟全球化的發展，勞動力市場和就業結構發生變化，許多國家受到高失業率問題的影響，尤其是青年失業率的成長大幅度遠高於成人失業率。以台灣為例，青年的失業率已經達到整體失業率的四倍，高青年失業率是當前的一大問題。高失業的問題之一來自於在青年的「準就業階段」是否有足夠的就業準備?此階段的青年雖尚未進入勞動市場，但勞動市場上的變化，青年能有多少對應的因應與準備，包括實質面的就業能力準備，以及精神面的就業態度準備，可能會是造成青年失業率提高的主要原因。文獻上對於青年就業準備和態度準備的研究相對較少，為了補充文獻上的不足，本研究探討市場上的就業風險對青少年階段風險態度的影響，而風險態度是以青少年的危險行為作為評估，觀察青少年在面臨勞動力市場風險時的個人風險行為影響，藉以探討就業風險上升的其中可能原因。本文採用台灣教育追蹤資料庫（TEPS）及行政院主計處(DGBAS)的失業率、青少年失業率、薪資，以Random effects的追蹤模型迴歸式進行估計，實證結果發現失業風險與薪資風險對青少年風險行為是有正向顯著，但青少年失業風險對其風險行為則有負向顯著的結果。這表示青年會擔心跟自身有關的市場風險，進而改變自己的態度或行為。

With the developing of economic globalization, the labor market and employment structure have been changed, and many countries are affected by the problem of higher unemployment rates, especially the youth unemployment rate is large higher than the total unemployment rate. The youth unemployment rate in Taiwan is four times the overall unemployment rate. One of the problems with high unemployment rates comes from young people’s readiness and preparations. The young people have not yet enter the labor market, however, how many corresponding readiness and preparations, including the preparation of substantive employability and the preparation of mental attitudes, may be the main reason for the increase in youth unemployment. In the literature, there are relatively few studies on youth employment preparation and attitude preparation. In order to supplement the literature, this study explores the impact of employment risks on the market risk attitudes in adolescents, and the risk attitude is based on the risky behaviors of adolescents. Observe the impact of individual risk behaviors on adolescents in the face of labor market risks, and explore possible reasons for the rise in employment risks. This paper uses the Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS), the Executive Yuan’s (DGBAS) unemployment rate, youth unemployment rate, and salary, than the results are estimated by a regression model of Random Effect. Our empirical results show that unemployment risk and salary risk are related to adolescent risky behaviors. The risk of youth unemployment has a negative effect on youth risky behaviors. This means that the youth will worry about the market risks associated with themselves and thus change their risky attitudes or behaviors.

Contents
1. Introduction	1
1.1	Labor Market Environment and Youth Employment Problems	1
1.2	Motivation	2
1.3	Purpose of this Study	3
1.4	Expected Results and Research Process	6
2. Literature Review	8
2.1 The Labor Market Risks	8
2.2 The Risky Behaviors	9
2.3 The Research on Adolescent Risky Behaviors and Market Risks	10
3. Data and Empirical Strategy	12
3.1 Data Source and Processing	12
3.2 Data Introduction	13
3.3 Methodology	17
3.3.1 A Regression Model	17
3.3.2 A Random Effects Model and Hausman Test	19
4. Empirical Results	23
4.1 Results	23
4.1.1 The Effects with Considering the Overall Unemployment Rate	23
4.1.2 The Effects with Considering the Youth Unemployment Rate	26
4.1.3 The Effects with Considering the Average Wage	29
4.2 Supplemental descriptions	32
5. Conclusions	34
References	36
Appendix:	38

List of Figures
Figure 1: Taiwan Unemployment Rate	3
Figure 2: Research Process	7

Figure A- 1 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of“play truant”	38
Figure A- 2 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of “fight”	38
Figure A- 3 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of“read porno books”	39
Figure A- 4 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of “smoke”	39
Figure A- 5 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of “run away from home”	40
Figure A- 6 Scatter picture of the original value and estimated value of “steal”	40

List of Tables
Table 1: Variables Definitions	15
Table 2: Statistical Descriptions	16
Table 3: The effects with considering the total unemployment rate	25
Table 4: The effects with considering the youth unemployment rate	28
Table 5: The effects with considering the wage	31

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