本論文應用間歇式加壓流體化石灰石床系統進行新的處理程序，以探討含鐵酸水之研究。此處理程序已經證明了添加入CO2壓力及管柱流體所形成流體化現象，可減少包覆的產生，使得碳酸鈣持續溶解，提高中和酸水的能力；除外，亦具有石灰石成本較低廉，處理速度快且處理水量大等優點。
本論文主要研究，藉由改變不同的系統條件-原水酸度的變化、原水鐵濃度的變化、加入CO2壓力的變化與碳酸鈣添加量的變化-來探討碳酸鈣的溶解狀況、鐵的去除效率和碳酸鈣表面的分析。本文中，碳酸鈣溶解狀況採用五種計算方式：(1) LD(AA) (2) LD（ Alk）(3) LD(pH-Alk) (4) LD(pH-Alk)和(5) LD(電荷平衡)；碳酸鈣表面的分析則採用SEM、EDS和XRD之方法。
研究結果發現：
(1)當CO2壓力的增加、原水酸度的增加或原水中鐵濃度的增加，分別可使水中碳酸鈣的溶解量(LD)增加；利用五種方式計算出LD值為：pH-總鹼度 > AA ≥ 電荷平衡 ≥總鹼度> pH-Alk，本研究建議在計算LD值時可採用LD (AA)、LD (電荷平衡)和LD (總鹼度)三種方式計算，其值較為接近實際值。
(2)此系統在鐵的去除效果可達到去除率皆大於98%以上
(3)經SEM、EDS和XRD方法分析得知，當CO2壓力增加時，原水酸度的增加，不易造成氫氧化鐵的沉澱於顆粒的表面。

Fluidized Pulsed Limestone Bed System (FPLB) was applied in this research on iron-contained acid water.  This new process was proved that the fluidized phenomenon caused by circulating flow could decrease the production of armor precipitation in order to sustain the dissolution of limestone, and increase the extent of acid neutralization capacity.  In addition, lower cost of limestone and efficienctly remediating mass ammont of acid water are the most benefits.
This research focus as the on dissolution status of limestone, iron removal efficiency and the effects of limestone surface precipitation, based on different controls of the variation in acidity, iron concentration, applied CO2 pressure and limestone addition.  As for analysis, the limestone dissolution (LD) was calculated by five methods: LD(AA), LD（ Alk）, LD(pH-Alk), LD(pH-Alk) and LD(charge balance); SEM, EDS, and XRD were applied to analyze the surface precipitation of limestone as well.

The results of this research reveal three main points as follows: 
First, the amount of limestone dissolution is increased with the increasing of applied CO2 pressure、influent acidity or iron concentration. Besides, the LD value could be performed as：LD (pH- Alk) > LD (AA ) ≥ LD (charge balance) ≥ LD ( Alk )> LD (pH-Alk).  The suitable methods of calculating LD valve in our analyze are LD (AA)、LD (charge balance) and LD ( Alk), because of its similarty. 
Second, iron removal efficiecy could be up to 98 percent by applying FPLB to this experiment.
Third, analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD, ferric hydroxides would be hardly precipitated on the surface of limestone while increasing applied CO2 pressure or influent acidity.

目  錄
第一章 前言………………………………………………… 1
1-1 研究背景…………………………………………………1
1-2 研究目的…………………………………………………2
第二章 文獻回顧…………………………………………… 4
2-1 酸礦水污染問題…………………………………………4
2-2 酸礦水常見的處理技術…………………………………4
2-2-1 主動處理技術…………………………………………4
2-2-2 被動處理技術…………………………………………5
2-3 石灰石流體化床處理程序........................8
2-4 間歇式流體化石灰石床處理程序………………………9
第三章 實驗設備與方法…………………………………… 9
3-1 實驗材料......................................9
3-1-1 人工酸水………………………………………………9
3-1-2 石灰石…………………………………………………9
3-2 實驗設備…………………………………………………9
3-2-1 間歇式加壓流體化石灰石床系統……………………9
3-3 分析方法…………………………………………………19
3-3-1 物理分析………………………………………………19
3-3-2 化學分析………………………………………………19
3-3-3 pH計和導電度計………………………………………19
3-3-4 掃描式電子顯微鏡（Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM）及X-光能量分散光譜儀(Energy Dispersire Spectrometers, EDS) ………………………………………………………………… 20
3-3-5 X光繞射儀（X-ray Diffraction, XRD）……………20
3-4-6 陰離子分析儀（IC）………………………………… 21
3-3-7 火焰式原子光譜儀(AA) ………………………………21
3-4 實驗方法………………………………………………… 21
3-4-1 間歇式加壓流體化石灰石床系統操作方法………… 21
3-4-2 實驗條件與流程……………………………………… 22
3-4-3 計算碳酸鈣的溶解度值 (Limestone dissolution, LD)的五種方法……………………………………………………………25
第四章 實驗結果與討論……………………………………… 28
4-1水力停留時間分析………………………………………… 28
4-2 導電度的分析……………………………………………  29
4-3 水中酸度和鐵濃度的變化對碳酸鈣粒徑之影響和對出流水沉澱物的影響…………………………………………………………30
4-3-1 對碳酸鈣粒徑變化 (D60)和碳酸鈣消耗量的影響……30
4-3-2 對出流水沉澱物的影響…………………………………33
4-4 不同方法所計算出的LD (Limestone dissolution)值…34
4-5 改變原水酸度，固定Fe/CO2壓力對LD的變化影響……  37
4-6 改變鐵濃度，固定原水酸度/CO2壓力對LD的變化影響..45
4-7 改變CO2壓力時，固定原水酸度/Fe對LD的變化影響…  51
4-8 對鐵去除率的影響………………………………………..58
4-9 水中 和 的濃度分析………………………………………63
4-10 碳酸鈣顆粒之SEM/EDS表面包覆定性與定量分析…....66
4-10-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析（SEM）……………………..66
4-10-2 X-光能量分散光譜儀分析(EDS) …………………….72
4-11 碳酸鈣顆粒之X-光繞射(XRD)表面包覆物分析………..73
4-12 相關性的分析…………………………………………….78
4-12-1 樣本的相關係數計算………………………………….78
第五章 結論與建議…………………………………………… 81
參考文獻…………………………………………………………83
附錄………………………………………………………………85

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