系統識別號 | U0002-1807202012455200 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2020.00505 |
論文名稱(中文) | 無人飛機模擬環境的建立 |
論文名稱(英文) | Construction of Unmanned Aircraft Flight Simulation |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 航空太空工程學系碩士在職專班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Aerospace Engineering |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 108 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 109 |
研究生(中文) | 張景翔 |
研究生(英文) | Ching-Hsiang Chang |
學號 | 707430012 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 英文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2020-06-22 |
論文頁數 | 76頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
馬德明
委員 - 陳步偉 委員 - 湯敬民 |
關鍵字(中) |
X-plane 無人機 六自由度 |
關鍵字(英) |
X-plane UAV six-degree-of-freedom |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
飛機設計的三個階段:飛行模擬,風洞實驗及實機飛行。因為風洞實驗與實機飛行會耗費許多資源,所以在飛行模擬階段設計的越完善,將能減少越多風洞實驗與實機飛行所耗費的資源。 本文使用X-plane建構無人機的外型,X-plane可以自動計算出無人機的氣動力特性。在X-plane內我們可以調整無人機外型來獲得我們需求的性能。 將來,導航控制可以加入到我們的模型中。導航控制由點追蹤和線追蹤組成。點追蹤使用航向角和目標與飛機之間的角度差進行導航;線追蹤使用目標與飛機之間的距離進行導航。結合這兩個系統,我們可以獲得所需的橫向轉率r,這將使我們能夠執行導航控制。 因無人機已被製造。可以在真實飛機和模擬器上飛行取得飛行數據,以比較r和q對振幅的影響。因此,我們可以知道模擬器的結果是否接近真正的飛機。 我們使用X-plane製造無人機。X-plane將自動計算空氣動力學特性。本文建立的飛行模擬器,對於設計飛機會有所幫助。 |
英文摘要 |
The three phases of designing an aircraft is flight simulation, wind tunnel and real aircraft test fly. Since the wind tunnel and real aircraft test fly require lots of resources, the more accurate we predict the aircraft characteristics during flight simulation, the more resources we can spare for the next phases. Our approach is to use X-plane to build the shape of UAV to study the behavior of the UAV. Furthermore, we can adjust the parameters in X-plane to best fit the shape of our UAV to have the most suitable flying quality for our UAV. In the future, guidance control may be added into our model. Guidance control is composed of Point-Tracking and Line-Tracking. Point-Tracking uses heading angle and the angle difference between the target and the aircraft to navigate; Line-Tracking uses the distance between the target and the aircraft to navigate. Combining these two systems, we can obtain the required lateral turn rate r, which will allow us to navigate. Since the UAV has been made. One can test fly on real aircraft and simulator to get the influence of r and q on amplitude. So we can know if the simulator result is close to the real aircraft. We use plane-maker in X-plane to build UAV. By doing so, the X-plane will automatically calculate the aerodynamic characteristics. This project builds a flight simulator which is very useful to design new aircrafts. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
Contents Acknowledgement i Nomenclature vi Abstract viii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Literature Review 3 Chapter 3 Theoretical Foundations 5 3.1 Equations of Motion 5 3.1.1 Six degree of freedom rigid body motions equations 5 3.1.2 Coordinates transformation 9 3.1.3 Gravity and Thrust 25 3.1.4 Rigid-Body 6-DOF Equations of Motion 27 Chapter 4 Numerical Modeling 30 4.1 X-plane 30 4.1.1 Setting the Viewpoint 43 4.1.2 Setting the Weight and Balance 45 4.1.3 Making A Fuselage 46 4.1.4 Setting the Radius Points 49 4.1.5 Designing the Wings 49 4.1.6 Creating Wing Tip 52 4.1.7 Wing Flex 53 4.1.8 Setting the Airfoils 54 4.1.9 Setting the Control Geometry 55 4.1.10 Adding the Engine 58 4.1.11 Creating Landing Gears 61 Chapter 5 Results and Discussions 65 Reference 68 附錄 論文簡要版 69 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES FIGURE 1 GEOMETRY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INERTIAL, EARTH-FIXED AND PLATFORM COORDINATE SYSTEM[3] 11 FIGURE 2 DEFINITION OF WANDER ANGLE[3] 12 FIGURE 3 THE EULER ANGLES[3] 14 FIGURE 4 ORIENTATION OF THE VECTOR R BY ITS ANGLES FROM THE UNIT VECTORS[3] 16 FIGURE 5[3] 17 FIGURE 6 AERODYNAMIC ANGLES[3] 21 FIGURE 7[3] 23 FIGURE 8 GRAVITATIONAL AND AERODYNAMIC FORCES AND MOMENTS IN BODY-FIXED COORDINATES[3] 26 FIGURE 9[4] 35 FIGURE 10[4] 36 FIGURE 11[4] 37 FIGURE 12 (X, Y, Z) COORDINATE 42 FIGURE 13 GENERAL TAB IN VIEWPOINT 43 FIGURE 14 WEIGHT & BAL TAB IN WEIGHT & BALANCE 45 FIGURE 15 SECTION TAB IN BODY DATA 46 FIGURE 16 TOP/BOTTOM TAB IN BODY DATA 48 FIGURE 17 FRONT/BACK TAB IN BODY DATA 48 FIGURE 18 WING 1 TAB IN WINGS 50 FIGURE 19 WING 2 TAB IN WINGS 51 FIGURE 20 WING 3 TAB IN WINGS 52 FIGURE 21 WING 4 TAB IN WINGS 53 FIGURE 22 WING FLEX TAB IN WINGS 54 FIGURE 23 WINGS TAB IN AIRFOILS 55 FIGURE 24 CONTROLS TAB IN CONTROL GEOMETRY 56 FIGURE 25 WING 2 TAB IN WINGS 58 FIGURE 26 DESCRIPTION TAB IN ENGINE SPECS 59 FIGURE 27 DESCRIPTION TAB IN ENGINE SPECS 60 FIGURE 28 TRANSMISSION TAB IN ENGINE SPECS 61 FIGURE 29 GEAR LOC TAB IN LANDING GEAR 63 FIGURE 30 GEAR DATA TAB IN LANDING GEAR 64 FIGURE 31 LEVEL FLIGHT IN X-PLANE SIMULATION 65 FIGURE 32 LEFT TURN IN X-PLANE SIMULATION 65 FIGURE 33 L/D RATIO OF WING 2 66 TABLE 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF UAV[6] 40 |
參考文獻 |
[1] Umair Ahmed, 3-DOF Longitudinal Flight Simulation Modeling And Design Using MATLAB/SIMULINK, Ryerson University, 2012, [2] Istas F. Nusyirwan, Engineering Flight Simulator Using MATLAB, Python and FLIGHTGEAR, Teknologi Malaysia Universiti, [3] Warren F. Phillips, Mechanics of Flight, 2nd edition, Wiley, 2009, [4] Prof. Dr. Mustafa Cavcar, Blade Element Theory, Anadolu University,2004, [5] Hsin-Cheng Chuang, Design, Manufacturing, and Flight Testing of an Experimental Flying Wing UAV, Tamkang University, 2018, [6] Nikolas Glizde, Plotting the Flight Envelope of an Unmanned Aircraft System Air Vehicle, Riga Technical University, 2017, [7] Pei-Jhong Chen, The Study, Design and Realization of the Portable Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Tamkang University, 2009, |
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