政治正當性(Legitimacy)在各種政體中皆為執政者維持權力不可或缺的重要基礎，二十世紀六零年代拉美諸國興起了一波威權政權的建立，此期間的威權政權被阿根廷學者奧唐奈(O’Donnell)定義為「官僚威權政體」，其根據威權政體的有限多元屬性，發展出較為複雜的制度與組織。官僚威權政體雖比以往的威權政體較具規模與制度，但意識型態基礎不完整、感召力不強。因此都以經濟績效與恢復秩序以支持政治正當性。雖然官僚威權政體可能在一段時期內能達到經濟績效，但由於經濟發展的不穩定性以及政治封閉之特性使得官僚威權政體的政治正當性發生危機。從而導致權力弱化與社會抗爭等一系列問題。

　　本文主要以比瑟姆(Beetham)提出的正當性三層面：「合法性」、「合理化能力」及「表示同意的行動」來檢視阿根廷1966與1976年二次官僚威權政體中所存有的政治正當性問題，並比較此二時期的政治正當性問題有否差異或是共同之處。

Legitimacy is an indispensable foundation for the ruling party to maintain in power in different political systems. In the 1960s, among Latin American countries raised a wave of authoritarian regimes. During this period, this kind of regime was defined by Argentine scholars, O'Donnell as the "Bureaucratic Authoritarian Regime", which develops more complex systems and organizations according to limited pluralism of authoritarian regimes.

Although these bureaucratic authoritarian regimes have larger scales and more complicated systems than previous authoritarian regimes, but their ideological foundation is incomplete and can’t appeal people easily. Therefore, economic performance and the need of restoring order were used to support their political legitimacy. 

Bureaucratic authoritarian regimes may achieve economic performance for a period of time, however, the instability of economic development and the measures like: closed Congress, banned political parties, intervened in unions and universities…etc. These elements put the political legitimacy of bureaucratic authoritarian regimes in crisis and led to a series of problems such as weakening power and social resistance.

This thesis will try to examine the political legitimacy of Argentina's 1966 and 1976 ‘s bureaucratic authoritarian regimes, mainly based on the three dimensions of legitimacy: "Legal Validity", "Justifiability" and "Actions that expressed consent" which proposed by David Beetham, and compare whether there are differences or commonalities in the political legitimacy of the two periods.

第壹章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機與目的 1
第二節、研究方法與架構 4
第三節、研究限制	6
第貳章、相關理論與文獻回顧 7
第一節、威權政體的理論回顧 7
第二節、政治正當性的理論回顧 16
第參章、阿根廷官僚威權政體之初立(1966-73)	29
第一節、阿根廷官僚威權政體的形成背景 29
第二節、政治正當性的鞏固手段 36
第三節、正當性危機的產生與結果 43
第肆章、阿根廷官僚威權政體之深化(1976-83)	51
第一節、魏德拉政權的正當性鞏固 51
第二節、政治正當性的侵蝕與瓦解 61
第三節、阿根廷官僚威權政體之正當性問題 67
第伍章、結論 75
參考書目	 79

表目錄
表 1 .政治正當性三層面 2
表 2. 非正當權力的正當性三層面 3
表 3. 經濟部長與其任期間之通貨膨脹率，1966-1973 41
表 4. 主要經濟變數的演化表, 1966-1970 41
表 5. 名目與實質利率(以百分比表示)	 42
表 6. 中下游部門的基本工資(IN 1966 PESOS) (1966=100.0) 43
表 7. 經濟成長率與通膨率，1971-83	56
表 8. 軍隊特點及其治理制度 68
 
圖目錄
圖 1阿根廷經濟政策制定中的經濟學家參與百分比 70

中文書籍
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論文
吳蕙娟，1992，〈阿根廷官僚威權政體之研究（一九七六－一九八三）〉，淡江大學拉丁美洲研究所碩士學位論文。
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湯繼仁，1987，〈西班牙與拉丁美洲軍人干政之研究〉，淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士學位論文。
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中文期刊
胡婉玲，2001，〈論歷史制度主義的制度變遷理論〉，《新世紀智庫論壇》，16: 86-95。
董經勝，2004，〈拉美軍人與政治：一項歷史的考察〉，《拉丁美洲研究》，第三期， 20-26。
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鄭春燕，2004，〈當合法性遭遇正當性—以施米特憲法思想中的對抗理論為背景〉，《二十一世紀》，22，取自:http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/21c/media/online/0310087.pdf。





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