本實驗利用晶種成長法分別製備出長寬比為2.5和4的金奈米棒，之後利用還原劑使其形變為啞鈴型金奈米棒。以此兩種金奈米棒做為模板合成金銀核殼型奈米粒子，先在75℃的環境下加入硝酸銀，之後加入還原劑Ascorbic acid (AA)將硝酸銀還原於金奈米棒上合成金銀核殼型奈米粒子，能分別形成銀殼長寬比為1.45的長方體、長邊為~75 nm、短邊為~57 nm的雙三角錐，而且我們發現其長寬比較短的金奈米棒生長銀殼的時間比較短。若是把界面活性劑中Br-換成Cl-反應時間會更為縮短。另外藉由在Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) 裡加入透明質酸 (Hyaluronic acid)之後加入還原劑AA將硝酸銀還原，則會生長成長度達數十微米的奈米銀線和奈米顆粒。但是當在溶液中加入其他金屬奈米粒子時，會抑制銀奈米線的形成。

An aspect ratio of 2.5 and 4 gold nanorods (NR) were prepared by seed-mediated growth method. gold nanodumbbell (ND) could be stabilized in the transfer process by adding AgNO3. Then Au-Ag core-shell (Au-Ag) nanorods could be synthesized from two kinds of nanorods and nanodumbbell. Adding AgNO3 at 75 ℃, and Ag+ was reduced on the surface of gold nanorods by ascorbic acid. We observed the 2.5 aspect ratio gold nanorods the reaction time is faster than orther nanorods. It can grow rectangular that silver shell aspect ratio is 1.45 and triangular bipyramid that long axis is ~75 nm, short axis is ~57 nm. If transferred into the solution of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), the reaction time can be shortened even more. Both silver nanoparticles and nanowires in several tens of micrometers could be obtained in the solution of HA and cationic surfactants at higher reaction temperatures. But, the formation of silver nanowires is easily inhibited in the presence of metal nanoparticles in the reaction solutions.

目錄
第一章、簡介···················································· 	1
1-1  奈米材料·····················································	1
1-2  奈米材料的特性············································	2
1-3  局部表面電漿共振·········································	3
1-4  金奈米棒的合成············································	4
1-5  金奈米棒的形變············································	7
1-6  金銀核殼型奈米粒子······································	8
1-7  金銀核殼型奈米粒子的應用·····························	10
1-8  奈米線的合成···············································	12
1-9  銀奈米線的應用············································	15
1-10 研究動機與目的··········································	16
第二章、實驗····················································	17
2-1  實驗藥品·····················································	17
2-2  實驗儀器·····················································	18
2-3  金奈米棒合成···············································	19
2-4  金奈米棒的形變············································	21
2-5  金奈米棒在不同離子型界面活性劑的系統轉移·····	22
2-6  合成金銀核殼型金奈米棒································	23
2-7  透明質酸下生長銀奈米線及銀奈米粒子··············	24
第三章、結果與討論···········································	25
3-1   金奈米棒的合成和分析···································	25
3-2   以CTAB為保護劑合成金銀核殼型奈米棒············	29
   金奈米棒··························································	29
   A. GNR660高溫包銀···········································	30
   B. GNR780高溫包銀···········································	31
   啞鈴形金奈米棒·················································	35
   A. GNR660室溫包銀··········································	35
   B. GND660室溫後高溫包銀·································	37
   C. GNR660高溫包銀··········································	39
   D. GNR780高溫包銀··········································	41
3-3   以CTAC為保護劑合成金銀核殼型奈米棒···········	44
   A. GNR660高溫包銀··········································	44
   B. GND660高溫包銀··········································	46
3-4   銀奈米線的合成和分析··································	47
   A. 含透明質酸高溫包銀······································	48
   B. 加入添加物··················································	50
   C. 未含透明質酸在高溫生長銀·····························	51
第四章、結論···················································	55
第五章、參考資料·············································	56
圖目錄
圖1.1 金屬奈米粒子受外加磁場作用激發電漿子共振示意圖···············	3
圖2.1 合成奈米粒子(GNR660)簡易圖···········································	20
圖2.2 合成奈米粒子(GNR780)簡易圖···········································	21
圖2.3 金奈米棒型變簡易圖·························································	22
圖2.4 不同離子型界面活性劑的系統轉移簡易圖······························	22
圖2.5 合成銀奈米線及銀奈米粒子簡易圖·······································	24
圖2.6 合成銀奈米線及銀奈米粒子簡易圖·······································	24
圖3.1 GNR780的 UV-Vis 光譜圖··················································	25
圖3.2 GNR780藉由TEM圖分析長寬比··········································	26
圖3.3 GNR660的 UV-Vis 光譜圖··················································	26
圖3.4 GNR660藉由TEM圖分析長寬比··········································	27
圖3.5 GND780的UV-Vis 光譜圖···················································	27
圖3.6 GND780藉由TEM圖分析長寬比··········································	28
圖3.7 GND660的UV-Vis 光譜圖···················································	28
圖3.8 GND660 藉由TEM圖分析長寬比··········································	29
圖3.9 AuNRs (660) 高溫包銀的 UV-Vis 光譜圖、TEM圖···················	30
圖3.10 AuNRs (660) 高溫包銀的 (a)HRTEM圖 (b)FFT圖··················	31
圖3.11 AuNRs (780) 高溫包銀的UV-Vis 光譜圖、TEM圖··················	32
圖3.12 AuNRs (780) 高溫包銀的 (a)HRTEM (b)FFT (c)晶格間距········	33
圖3.13兩種長寬比的AuNRs 高溫包銀的UV-Vis 光譜圖·····················	34
圖3.14 AuDBs(660)室溫包銀的室溫包銀 UV-Vis 光譜圖···················	35
圖3.15 AuDBs(660)室溫包銀(a)20 μL (b)40 μL (c)60 μL (d)90 μL 的TEM ····························································································  36
圖3.16 AuDBs(660)於室溫先包覆銀殼在置於75℃油浴包覆銀殼的UV-Vis光譜圖····························································································	37
圖3.17 AuDBs(660)於室溫先包覆銀殼在置於75℃油浴包覆銀殼60 μL 的TEM、HRTEM、FFT圖······································································	38
圖3.18 AuDBs(660)於室溫先包覆銀殼在置於75℃油浴包覆銀殼90 μL 的TEM、HRTEM、FFT圖······································································	38
圖3.19 AuDBs(660)高溫包銀的UV-Vis光譜圖、TEM圖·····················	39
圖3.20 AuDBs(660)高溫包銀的HRTEM、FFT圖·····························	40
圖3.21 AuDBs(660)高溫包銀的UV-Vis光譜圖、TEM圖·····················	41
圖3.22 AuDBs(660)高溫包銀的HRTEM、FFT圖·····························	42
圖3.23 CTAB AuDBs (660) 高溫包銀成長過程································	43
圖3.24 CTAB AuDBs(660) 高溫包銀反應反應(a)2.5小時(b)4.5小時的金銀核殼型奈米棒的TEM圖·······································································	43
圖3.25 AuNRs(660)高溫包銀在CTAC 的 UV-Vis光譜圖····················	45
圖3.26 AuNRs(660)高溫包銀在CTAC 的TEM圖 (a)反應10 min (b)反應60 min·······················································································	45
圖3.27 AuNRs(660)高溫包銀在CTAC 的UV-Vis光譜圖·····················	46
圖3.28 AuNRs(660)高溫包銀在CTAC 的 TEM圖(a)~(c)反應20 min (d)~(e)反應60 min·······················································································	47
圖3.29 CTAB-透明質酸高溫包銀的 UV-Vis光譜圖···························	48
圖3.30 CTAB-透明質酸高溫包銀的TEM圖·····································	49
圖3.31 CTAB-透明質酸高溫包銀的 (a) HRTEM圖 (b) FFT (c)晶格間距···························································································	49
圖3.32 CTAB-透明質酸高溫包銀的加入不同添加物的UV-Vis光譜圖····	50
圖3.33 CTAB-透明質酸高溫包銀中加入 (a)Au seed (b)HCl (c) AuNRs 的TEM圖···························································································	50
圖3.34 未含透明質酸在高溫生長銀的UV-Vis光譜圖·························	52
圖3.35 未含透明質酸在高溫生長銀的TEM圖··································	52
圖3.36 未含透明質酸在高溫生長銀的 (a)HRTEM圖(b)FFT (c)晶格間距···························································································	53
圖3.37 面心立方結構圖····························································	54
表目錄
表3.1 (CTAB)AuNRs@Ag 的實驗流程圖······································	29
表3.2 (CTAB)AuDBs@Ag 的實驗流程圖······································	35
表3.3 (CTAC)AuDBs(660)/AuNRs(660)@Ag 的實驗流程圖··············	44
表3.4 奈米銀線和奈米顆粒的實驗流程圖······································	47

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