本研究主要以接單式生產(Make-to-Order)的製造業者在實務產排程規劃上所面臨的情況。探討一家工廠、多產品、多訂單之生產排程規畫，並考量製造成本、控汙成本、設定成本資源使用成本、持有成本、缺貨懲罰成本等因素，建構三個利潤最大化為目標之整數非線性規劃 (Integer Nonlinear Programming，INLP)模型。首先建構一個以整體生產排程利潤最大化為目標之接單式生產排程模式;其次，建立綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式;接著，考量設定成本，接續上述二個模式建構設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式，提供企業做生產排程時之參考，並分別進行全域最佳解之搜尋運算。
    此外，透過敏感性分析探討個別變數的變動對於總利潤之影響，發現當控汙成本變動時，在成本考量之下工廠選擇不接單也不願意接受過高的汙染成本，以防止利潤持續降低。本研究因具有高度的重現性，因此為企業在實務上扮演一重要之參考依據。

This study focuses on scheduling problem of make-to-order production where multiple orders, multiple types of products, manufacturing cost, antipollution cost, setup cost, resource cost, holding cost, and tardiness cost are considered. To construct three integer nonlinear programming (INLP) models  and solve the proposed model for achieving the maximum profit. 
    First, construct a make-to-order production scheduling model. Second, construct a optimal make-to-order production scheduling with green production consideration model. To continue the two models above, the third mode is a make-to-order production scheduling with setup cost consideration model. The global optimal solution of the three models, provide a referenced tool to an enterprise on production scheduling.
    In addition, through the sensitivity analysis to discuss about the relationship of the specific parameter and profit. This study result found when antipollution cost change,    the factory take the cost into consideration that rather not to production more product than pay higher pollution cost to prevent the profit decrease. This study creates a highly repetitive characteristic because while facing different situations of the proposed problem, an enterprise can easily solve such a problem by changing the input parameters only.

目   錄
	
目錄…………………………………………………………………………	I
表目錄………………………………………………………………………	III
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………	V
通用符號一覽表……………………………………………………………	VI
第壹章  緒論………………………………………………………………	1
  1.1  研究背景與動機……………………………………………………	1
  1.2  研究目的……………………………………………………………	4
  1.3  研究流程……………………………………………………………	6
第貳章  理論與文獻探討…………………………………………………	8
  2.1  生產排程……………………………………………………………	8
    2.1.1  生產排程定義…………………………………………………	8
    2.1.2  生產排程型態分類……………………………………………	10
    2.1.3  生產排程相關文獻 …………………………………………	15
  2.2  接單式生產…………………………………………………………	19
2.3  及時生產……………………………………………………………	23
第參章  接單式生產排程模式……………………………………………	28
  3.1  研究假設……………………………………………………………	28
  3.2  模式建構……………………………………………………………	29
  3.3  數值範例探討………………………………………………………	32
  3.4  敏感性分析…………………………………………………………	38
    3.4.1 需求量變動 …………………………………………………	38
    3.4.2  缺貨懲罰成本變動……………………………………………	39
  3.5 小結…………………………………………………………………	41
第肆章 綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式 ……………………	42
  4.1  研究假設……………………………………………………………	43
  4.2  模式建構……………………………………………………………	44
  4.3  數值範例探討………………………………………………………	47
  4.4  敏感性分析…………………………………………………………	51
    4.4.1需求量變動………………………………………………………	51
    4.4.2缺貨懲罰成本變動………………………………………………	53
    4.4.3控汙成本變動……………………………………………………	54
  4.5  小結…………………………………………………………………	56
第伍章 設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式 ……………………	57
  5.1  研究假設……………………………………………………………	57
  5.2  模式建構……………………………………………………………	58
  5.3  數值範例探討………………………………………………………	61
  5.4  敏感性分析…………………………………………………………	66
    5.4.1需求量變動………………………………………………………	66
    5.4.2缺貨懲罰成本變動………………………………………………	67
    5.4.3控汙成本變動……………………………………………………	68
    5.4.4設定成本變動……………………………………………………	70
  5.5  小結…………………………………………………………………	72
第陸章  結論與建議………………………………………………………	73
  6.1  結論………………………………………………………………‥	73
  6.2  建議………………………………………………………………‥	75
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………	77
表   目   錄
	
表2.1  	生產排程定義 ……………………………………………………	8
表2.2  	生產排程型態分類 ………………………………………………	11
表2.3  	生產排程分類相關文獻 …………………………………………	12
表2.4  	生產排程相關文獻 ………………………………………………	16
表2.5 	接單式生產相關文獻 ……………………………………………	20
表2.6  	及時生產相關文獻 ………………………………………………	24
表3.1  	每張訂單需求數量( ) …………………………………………
33
表3.2  	產品單位售價( )與單位持有成本率( )………………………
33
表3.3  	訂單交貨時間( ) ………………………………………………
33
表3.4  	各訂單產品單位生產時間( ) …………………………………
34
表3.5  	單位製造成本等級 ………………………………………………	34
表3.6  	單位資源使用成本等級 …………………………………………	35
表3.7  	單位缺貨懲罰成本等級 …………………………………………	35
表3.8  	接單式生產排程模式之生產數量 ………………………………	36
表3.9  	接單式生產排程模式之缺貨數量 ………………………………	37
表3.10 	接單式生產排程模式之持有時間 ………………………………	37
表3.11 	接單式生產排程模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 …………	38
表3.12 	接單式生產排程模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………………………	40
表4.1  	單位控汙成本等級 ………………………………………………	49
表4.2  	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式生產數量 …………	50
表4.3  	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式缺貨數量 …………	50
表4.4  	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式持有時間 …………	51
表4.5	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………………	52
表4.6 	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變
動情況下利潤的變…………………………………………………	53
表4.7 	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位控汙成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………	55
表5.1 	單位設定成本等級 ………………………………………………	63
表5.2 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式生產數量……………	64
表5.3 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式缺貨數量……………	64
表5.4 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式持有時間間…………	65
表5.5 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………………	66
表5.6 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變動情況下利潤的改變……………………………………………	68
表5.7 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位控汙成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………	69
表5.8 	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位設定成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………………	71











圖   目   錄
	
圖1.1  	研究流程圖 ………………………………………………………	7
圖3.1  	接單式生產模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………	39
圖3.2  	接單式生產模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …	40
圖4.1 	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………………………………………………	52
圖4.2  	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………	54
圖4.3  	綠色生產考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位控汙成本變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………………………………………	55
圖5.1  	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式需求量變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………………………………………………	67
圖5.2  	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位缺貨懲罰成本變動情況下利潤的改變 …………………………………………	68
圖5.3  	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位控汙成本變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………………………………………	70
圖5.4  	設定成本考量下之最適訂單生產排程模式單位設定成本變動情況下利潤的改變 ………………………………………………	72

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