水下聲波感測網路與陸上無線感測網路特性截然不同，水下聲波感測網路利用聲波進行傳輸，造成水下網路擁有高傳播延遲(Propagation Delay)的特性，若將陸上路由機制直接套用於水下網路，將會衍生出許多問題。因此本論文設計出適用於水下網路環境之路由協定，且在水下聲波感測網路中提出協同合作傳輸(Cooperative transmission)，進而減少在水下聲波感測網路中傳送封包之端點到端點間的延遲，並針對協同合作傳輸運作於水下聲波感測網路中，所遭遇高傳播延遲特性之挑戰進行討論。最後本篇論文提出不需同步對時、額外路由控制封包及收集鄰居資訊之協同合作路由協定，名為Self-Adaptive Cooperative Routing Protocol (SACRP)。透過實驗模擬，發現本篇論文所提出之SACRP路由協定，在點對點的延遲、網路傳輸效能以及電量消耗的表現上有顯著的改善。

The thesis proposed a self-adaptive cooperative routing protocol (SACRP) in underwater acoustic sensor networks. SACRP considers the high propagation delay in underwater acoustic sensor networks and uses cooperative transmissions to reduce the end-to-end delay. In addition, SACRP can apply to asynchronous environments. In SACRP, sensors use the location information of sink and the receiving data from the previous hop sensor to determine when and whom to cooperative with. Simulation results show that SACRP achieves improvement over VBF and HH-VBF in terms of end-to-end delay, delivery ratio and energy efficiency.

目錄
1. 緒論	1
1.1	前言	1
1.2	研究動機與目的	4
1.3	研究方法	6
1.4	論文架構	6
2. 相關文獻	7
3. 預備知識	10
3.1	水下網路訊號衰減模型介紹	10
3.2	水下聲波網路中路由機制所應考慮的特點	13
3.3 	問題敘述	15
3.3.1 	Whom to cooperative with?	16
3.3.2	When to cooperate?	16
3.3.3	封包碰撞問題	17
4. 自主調整之協同合作路由協定(Self-Adaptive Cooperative Routing Protocol，SACRP)	19
4.1	系統架構	19
4.2	基本理念	20
4.3 	Fragment Transmission	21
4.4	Cooperator Selection	22
4.5	Cooperation Direction	25
4.6	Cooperation Timing Decision	26
4.7	SACRP Algorithm	30
5. 網路效能模擬	32
5.1 	實驗場景及參數設定	32
5.2 	實驗結果及分析	33
6. 結論	38
參考文獻	39
附錄－英文論文	43
 
圖目錄
圖 一. 傳播延遲情形比較圖。	2
圖 二. 時間與空間不確定性。	4
圖 三. 協同合作傳輸圖。	5
圖 四. VBF做法示意圖。	8
圖 五. HH-VBF做法示意圖。	8
圖 六. 發送電量依球狀傳輸擴散。	11
圖 七. 發送電量依柱狀面傳輸擴散。	11
圖 八. 訊號疊加區域。	12
圖 九. 找尋協同合作節點示意圖。	16
圖 十. 考慮傳播延遲之協同合作示意圖。	17
圖 十一. 協同合作封包碰撞圖。	18
圖 十二. Segment傳輸示意圖。	22
圖 十三. 候選節點區域示意圖。	23
圖 十四. 管狀傳輸區域。	24
圖 十五. 協同合作之目的地參考點示意圖。	26
圖 十六. 協同合作之最遠距離參考點示意圖。	28
圖 十七. 延遲公式示意圖。	29
圖 十八. 多個訊號疊加路徑示意圖。	30
圖 十九. 模擬場景。	32
圖 二十. 封包傳遞率與封包產生率之關係。	34
圖 二十一. 平均端點與端點的封包延遲時間與封包產生率之關係。	35
圖 二十二. 總電量消耗。	36
圖 二十三. 成功封包之平均電量消耗。	37
 
表目錄
表 一. 水下聲波網路與一般無線網路之比較	1
表 二. 系統架構表	20
表 三. 實驗模擬參數	33

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