汽車市場是一個具有激烈競爭，並且在2008年-2010年歷經了全球性危機的產業，但是僅有少數學者針對汽車的成本效率來探討。透過過往針對成本效率研究我們在此次研究上給予了方向，並透過過往研究如勞動生產力研究或總要素生產力研究去尋找在現今的汽車製造商在面臨未來生產力提升的議題中可以如何去尋找有效的解決方案。此研究藉由以利潤率作為分析生產效率的指標，用迴歸分析去尋找影響汽車產業生產效率之主要因素，以及將勞工價格及實質資本比率做為勞動要素及資本要素列入考量日本汽車產業及德國汽車產業從1980年到2014年間的利潤率並從中找出影響生產力效率的主要因素。結果顯示，資本要素對於德國汽車產業和日本汽車產業的影響都要比勞動力要素來的大，另外在德國汽車產業的分析中亦發現一有趣現象，雖勞動力要素對生產效率不會有直接的顯著影響，但卻對資本要素有顯著的負相關，換句話說，勞動力要素會對德國的生產效率造成間接性的影響。

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the efficiency of German and Japanese automobile industry by regression analysis and factors comparison during 1980 to 2014. Although the automobile industry is so competitive and has been through the automobile crisis during 2008-2014, there still has less studies that mentioned about the cost efficiency of automobile industry. Even though some of studies might offer the direction to this thesis, they could not solve the problem about various technology and different environment that the automobile industry faced with. Therefore, it is going to analyze the efficiency of German and Japanese automobile industry through the regression analysis and consider factors in different environment and technology. In the result of this thesis, it indicated that the revenue rate of German automobile industry is higher than Japanese. Although the average revenue rate of Japanese automobile industry exceeded German during 1980s, but this situation has been reversed since 1990s and the gap between Japan and Germany has been enlarging until the end of observation period.

目 錄
摘要 ……………..…………………………………………………………………..I
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….………......II
第一章 、緒論 ………………………………………........…………….1
1.1. 研究背景 ………………………………………………………………..1
1.2. 研究動機 …………………………………………………………………..5
1.3. 研究問題 ……………………………………………………………..…....7
第二章 、汽車產業介紹 ………………………………………………..…….10
2.1. 主要汽車消費市場 ..…………………………………………………………..10
2.2. 德國汽車產業 ..………………………………………………………..…17
2.3. 日本汽車產業 ..……………………………………………………………..20
第三章 、文獻探討 ……………...................................................................23
3.1. 生產效率介紹及定義 ..……………………………………………..23
3.2. 研究分析 ..………………………………………………………………..27
第四章、研究方法 及結果 分析 ..……………………………….………………31
4.1.迴歸分析以 相關性 分析 ……………….……………………….……...31
4.2.數據分析 …………………………………………………………37
4.3.製程自動化 …………………………….………………………………40
4.4.模組化平台 ……………………………………………………………50
第五章、總結 ..……………………………………………………………….55
5.1結論與建議 …….....……………………………………………………….55
5.2研究限制與未來方向 .……………………………………………………….59
參考文獻 . ..……………………………………………….………………………..60
圖目錄
圖2.1.1全球汽車銷售概況 ................................................... .................... 12
圖2.1.2全球主要車市表現 ..................................................... .................... 13
圖2.1.3五大洲汽車銷售概況 ................................ .............. ................ 14
圖2.1.4世界六大汽車銷售集團量 ................................ ....................... . 15
圖2.2.1世界車廠品牌價值排名 ................................ .......................... ............ 18
圖2.2.2德國內部銷量排名 ................................ ................. .................... 18
圖2.3.1世界車廠品牌價值變動 .................................................. ............ 21
圖4.3.1 第四次工業革命 ................................ ......... ...................... 40
圖4.3.2 工業 4.0標準化路線 ................................ ................................... 43
圖4.3.3 韓國製造業創新 3.0 ................................ ................. ................. 44
圖4.3.4 日本工業 4.0聯盟 ..................... ................................ ..................... 44
圖4.3.5 法國未來工業計劃 ...................... ................................ .................. 45
圖4.3.6 中國製造 2025 重點發展項目 ...................... ................................ .. 45
圖4.3.7 世界汽車廠商營業成本收益比率變動圖 .................. ................. 47
圖4.3.8 世界汽車廠商勞動成本收益比率變圖 ................................ ................. 48
圖4.4.1 VOLKSWAGEN營業成本收益比率變動圖 ....................... ................. 52
表目錄
表一 .德國生產效率影響因素分析 ...................... ................................ ........ 32
表二 .日本生產效率影響因素分析 ....................... ................................ ........ 33
表三 . 敘述統計表 ................................ ..................... ................................ . 34
表四 .敘述統計表 ................................ .................. ................................ .. 34
表五 .德國相關性分析 ................................ ................. .......................... 35
表六 . 日本相關性分析 ................................ ................... .......................... 36

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