本文主旨透過朱莉亞‧克莉斯多娃(Julia Kristeva)的符號論來分析
符號界和象徵界的交  互作用進而形成主體的形成。根據克氏觀點，主體的形成只是一種變動的過程,意即主體是在象徵界和符號界不斷來回和更新的過程中形成 。
   第一章採用茱莉亞．克莉絲蒂娃 (Julia Kristeva) 主體形成的過程來探討克萊莉莎不斷徘徊在符號界 (semiotic) 和象徵界 (symbolic) 的地帶。 
   第二章我利用茱莉亞．克莉絲蒂娃的賤斥理論來討論棄卻的過程與昇華。當克萊莉莎嫁給丈夫李察成了戴洛維夫人,她仍然感到內心的匱乏與寂寞, 因為受到大英帝國和父權社會影響, 她必須壓抑及犧牲部分的自我才得以保護她的上層地位的象徵。 此壓抑的部分就成為棄卻物 (abject)。在克氏理論中, 棄卻物是被象徵界所排斥的,而所被排斥的部分因而被壓抑在符號界中 (semiotic), 也就是人類的潛意識中。但是, 棄卻物並非完全可以被壓制在符號界中 (semiotic), 假如主體自身並未面對自身的棄卻物, 那麼它還是會不斷地侵略及壓垮一個人的主體性,而克氏稱此為符號界的宮籟,意即宮籟的回返。而 克萊莉莎也將透過想像來昇華她的棄卻物。
   第三章進一步探討莉亞．克莉絲蒂娃如何利異倫理 (herethics) 解構傳統聖母的刻板印象。
   藉由本小說的探討,我們將會明白茱莉亞．克莉絲蒂娃(Julia Kristeva)所提倡的符號界的功能 (semiotic)及主體並非一成不變,反之,主體的形成只是一種過程 (subject-in-procress)。

Abstract:
     This thesis centers on the studies on the semiotic and the symbolic. In Kristeva’s point of view, subject is a process and through it, one can get a complete subjectivity.    
     The first chapter will emphasize Clarissa’s construction of her subjectivity by applying Julia Kristeva’s semiotic discourse. Julia Kristeva’s theory on the subject-in-process is clearly shown by Clarissa to represent how Clarissa develops her oscillated self and this is to show that her oscillation between the semiotic and the symbolic is a state of signifying process. To Kristeva, the semiotic is the onset of meaning and this revises Lacan’s views on subjectivity.     
     In the second chapter, I turn to a discussion of Clarissa’s abjection and sublimation. Although repressed by the paternal society, the symbolic world, Clarissa still has the physical symptoms in the process of abjection to protect herself from the object within the semiotic space. In Kristeva’s discourse, the abject, excluded by the symbolic, exists in the semiotic space. However, the abject within the semiotic never stops its invasion into Clarissa’s symbolic identity and this is also the experience of the abjection. In the process of the abjection, Clarissa has some physical symptoms; therefore, in order to control these emotional effects caused by the abjection, Clarissa identifies with “the object” reflecting in the imaginary space and with the help of this identification with the object reflecting in the imaginary space, Clarissa receives the semiotic power from the imaginary space and she again enters the symbolic so as to control her emotional effects.           
     In the third chapter, I further use the idea of Kristeva’s “herethics” to analyze 
the relationship between Clarissa and three characters: Sally, Septimus, and Richard Dalloway. Using the three characters as representative is to reverse the dualism of the symbolic in this chapter.    
     We can understand Kristeva’s perspective on identity by analyzing the novel Mrs. Dalloway. Subject-in-process is her ideas of identity; however, she doesn’t deject the function of the symbolic but supports the correlation of the semiotic and the symbolic.

Table of Contents

Introduction....................................1

Chapter One  Subject-in-Process in Clarissa.....11    

Chapter Two  Abjection/Abject...................50

Chapter Three  Marian Image / Femininity/ Herethics
        
         ......................................84                     

Conclusion.....................................105

Works Cited....................................109

Works Cited

 Abel, Elizabeth. “Narrative Structure(s) and Female
    
     Development: The Case of Mrs. Dalloway.” Virginia    
    
     Woolf: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed.Margaret   
    
     Homans. New Jersey: Prentice, 1993.  93-114.

Burgin, Victor. “Geometry and Abjection.”  Abjection,   

     Melancholia and Love.  Eds.  John Fletcher and Andrew 

     Benjamin. New York: Routledge, 1990.

China-Lan Wang. “Reading the (Dis)Contents of the British  

     Empire : Imperialism, Heterosexuality, and Time in 

     Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse” MA   
      
     thesis. National Taiwan Normal U,2002.

Elliott, Anthiny. Social Theory ＆ Psychoanalysis in   

     Transition: Self and Society from Freud to Kristeva. 

     Oxford: Blackwell, 1982. 

Guerin, Wilfred L., et al. A Handbook of Critical 

     Approaches to Literature. New York: Oxford 

     University, 2005. 182-221.

Gross, Elizabeth. “The Body of Signification.” Abjection,  

     Melancholia and Love. Eds.  John Fletcher and Andrew 

     Benjamin. New York: Routledge, 1990.

Guth, Deborach. “Rituals of Self-Deception: Clarissa 

     Dalloway’s Final Moment of Vision.” Twentieth 

     Century Literature: A Scholarly and Critical 

     Journal 36:1(1990): 35-42. 

Haffey, Kate. “Exquisite Moments and the Temporality of  

     the Kiss in Mrs. Dalloway and the Hours.” Narrative, 

     Vol. 18, No.2 (2010): 137-162.

Irigary, Luce. “The Sex Which Is Not One.” The Sex Which 

     Is Not One.Trans. Catherine Porter with Carolyn 

     23-33.

Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection.  

     Trans. Leon S. Roudiexz. New York: Columbia UP, 2001. 

---. Revolution in Poetic Language. Trans. Margaret 

     Waller. New York: Columbia UP, 1984.

---. Black Sun.  Trans.  Leon Roudiez.  New York: 

     Columbia UP, 1989. 

---. New Maladies of the Soul. Trans. Ross Guberman. New 

     York: Columbia UP, 1995.

---. Tales of Love. Trans. Leon Roudiez.  New York: 

     Columbia UP, 1983.

---. “Stabat Mater.” Tales of Love.  Trans. Leon 

     Roudiez.  New York: Columbia UP, 1983. 

---. The Kristeva Reader.  Ed.  Toril Moi.  New York: 

     Columbia UP, 1986.

Littleton, Jacob. “Mrs. Dalloway : Portrait of the Artist 

     as a Middle-Aged Woman.”  Twenieth Century 

     Literatures, Spring, 1995.

Lechte, John. Julia Kristeva. New York: Routledge, 1990.

Lechte, John. “Art, Love, and Melancholy in the works of 

      Julia Kristeva.” Abjection, Melancholia and Love.  

      Eds.  John Fletcher and Andrew Benjamin. New York: 

      Routledge, 1990.

McAfee, Noelle.  Julia Kristeva.  London and New York: 

      Routledge, 2004. 

Mansfield, Nick. Subjectivity: Theories of the Self from 

      Freud to Haraway. New York: New York U P, 2000.

Minow-Pinkney, Makiko.  “Virginia Woolf: Seen from a 

      Foreign Land.” Abjection, Melancholia and Love.    

      Eds.  John Fletcher and Andrew Benjamin. New York: 

      Routledge, 1990.

Oliver, Kelly. Reading Kristeva: Unraveling the Double-

      Bind. Bloominton: Indiana U, 1993.

Ronchetti, Ann. “Mrs. Dalloway.” The Artist, Society, 

      and Sexuality in Virginia Woolf’s Novels.  New  

      York:  Routledge, 2004.

Smith, Anne-Marie. Speaking the Unspeakable. London: Pluto 

      Press, 1998.

Taylor, Nancy. “Erasure of Definition: Androgyny in Mrs.  

      Dalloway” Women’s Studies. Vol.18(1991): 367-377.

Tayler, Carole-Anne. “The feminine Look.” Theory between 

      the Disciplines: Authority/Vision/Politics. Eds.  

      Kreiswirth, Martin, and M.A. Cheetham. Ann Arbor: 

      Michigan UP, 1990.

Wang, Ban. “‘I’ on the Run: Crisis of Identity in Mrs. 

      Dalloway. “ Modern Fiction Studies 38(1992): 177-  

      191.

Woolf, Virginia. Mrs. Dalloway. London: Harcourt: 1925.

      Yuh-yi Tan. “Woman, City, and Psychoanalysis: 

      Voicing  Virginia Woolf’s Visual Turn” PhD thesis. 

      Tamkang U, 2004.