系統識別號 | U0002-1507201909243400 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2019.00375 |
論文名稱(中文) | 印尼地方政治的發展─2014年以来中爪哇省開放政府的推行歷程 |
論文名稱(英文) | Development of Indonesian Local Politics: Implementation of Open Government System in Central Java Since 2014 |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 臺灣與亞太研究全英語碩士學位學程 |
系所名稱(英文) | Master's Program in Taiwan and Asia-Pacific Studies, College of International Studies (English-Taught Program) |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 107 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 108 |
研究生(中文) | 盧特菲 |
研究生(英文) | Muhammad Luthfi |
學號 | 606245057 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 英文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2019-06-17 |
論文頁數 | 93頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
蔡青龍(ctsay200@yahoo.com)
委員 - 戴萬欽(tai131@hotmail.com) 委員 - 戴萬平(wanping.tai@gmail.com) |
關鍵字(中) |
政治發展 地方政治 地方分權 開放政府系統 中爪哇省 印度尼西亞 |
關鍵字(英) |
Political Development Local Politic Decentralization Central Java Province Open Government Indonesian |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
印尼是擁有34個省份和2.64億人民的大國,也是一個堅持民主主義與統一政府制度的國家。印尼中央政府與地方政府之間的權力分配關係,通常被稱為「地方分權」(Decentralization)制度, 亦即排除中央集權,而分散國家權力到全國各地的「權力下放」制度,它給予地方政府充足的空間,來開發地方潛能,以建立優良的政府,及提供各項公共服務。2011年,隨著全球「開放政府」(Open Government) 夥伴關係的啟動,「開放政府」成為世界歷史的新典範, 印尼是創始國之一,直接影響其政治狀況,也導致國內對「開放」的要求。「開放政府夥伴關係」帶來的三個主要課題是「透明度」(Transparency),「合作」(Collaboration) 和「參與」(Participation),其主要目標在於政府能夠落實提供最佳的公共服務。本研究的主要對象是中爪哇省政府所實施的「開放政府系統」(Open Government System)。2018年中爪哇省有3,200萬人口,經濟成長率為5.32%,是印尼的一個重要省份,這些條件使中爪哇省被選為本研究的戰略領域. 研究結果顯示,中爪哇省執行「開放政府」的成效良好。 就「領導」(Leadership) 面向而言,Ganjar Pranowo 省長在推行透明政府方面有一個相當好的計劃, 這點可由他自信地邀請人民團體來共同維護誠信和鼓勵反腐敗行為得到印證。 在「公共政策」(Public Policy) 方面, 中爪哇省政府的表現尚未臻理想,到目前只有一項法規,即由省長頒布有關保護公共資訊發佈的「資料中心系統」規則, 因此,所有省轄部門仍然使用個別機構發佈的諸多不同規則來執行任務。中爪哇採行「開放政府」所帶來的創新則為「政府資源管理系統」(Government Resource Management System,,簡稱 GRMS)。 這是一個先期計劃(pilot program),包括「放寬訊息存取」及「簡化行政流程」等項目,具體的工具包含「電子規劃」(e-Planning)、「電子預算」(e-Budgeting)、「電子遞送」(e-Delivery) 及「電子管理考核」(e-Controlling)等等。本研究發現,中爪哇省的GRMS運作還欠理想,許多工具尚無法正常運行,而某些數據無法找到。針對這些缺點,中爪哇省政府已經提出了一項出色的對策,並獲得多種獎項的肯定,進一步發展的前景看好。 |
英文摘要 |
Indonesia is a big country with 34 provinces and 264 million citizens. Indonesia is also a country that adheres to democracy with a unitary state system. Between the central government and local governments, there has been a division of power which is often referred to as “Decentralization”. Decentralisation provides an ample space to develop local potential in delivering public services and creating good government. In 2011, it became a new historical record in the world with the launch of the Open Government partnership. Indonesia was one of the founding countries. With a direct impact on Indonesia's political condition, which is also required to lead to openness. The three main issues brought in Open Government Partnerships are transparency, collaboration, and participation. In this research, the main object of study was the Central Java provincial government in implementing the open government system. Central Java is a large province in Indonesia with 32 million population and economic growth net of 5.32% in 2018, making Central Java a strategic study area of this research. The results indicate that the Central Java Province has run “Open Government” well. In terms of leadership, Governor Ganjar Pranowo has a reasonably good plan in running a transparent government. A part of which was manifested in his assertiveness in inviting civil apparatus to uphold honesty and encourages anti-corruption behaviours. In terms of public policy, the Provincial Government of Central Java has not yet optimal. It only has one regulation, namely “the governor regulation on Data Centre Systems” that protect the disclosure of public information. As a result, the implementation at the departmental level still uses many rules issued by individual agencies. The innovation generated from the application of the Open Government in Central Java was the Government Resources Management System (GRMS). This is a pilot program which has several tools to ease information accessing and also simplify the administrative work. The tools included: e-planning, e-budgeting, e-delivery, e-controlling and several others. According to the research findings, the operation of GRMS is not yet optimal. Many tools are still not functioning properly, as some data cannot be found. With all the shortcomings, the Central Java provincial government has addressed an excellent strategy that is indicated by aerosol prestigious national awards received |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
Table of Contents CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Topic 1 1.2 Research Questions 4 1.3 Research Motivation 5 1.4 Research Methodology 5 1.5 Conceptual Definition 7 1.6 Expected Research Outcome 8 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 Decentralisation 10 2.1.1 Leadership theory 16 2.1.2 Public Policy 18 2.2 Open Governments 21 2.2.1 Collaboration 24 2.2.2 Transparency 26 2.2.3 Public Participation 29 2.3 Technology Innovation 32 2.3.1 E-Government 32 CHAPTER III: THE PROFILE OF CENTRAL JAVA 35 3.1 Geographic 35 3.2 Population 37 3.3 Economy Growth 38 3.4 Governor Profile 41 3.5 The List of Awards 43 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION OF OPEN GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE 51 4.1 Leadership Factor 51 4.2 Public Policy factor 57 CHAPTER V: OPEN GOVERNMENT IN CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE AND TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION 65 5.1 Development Planning Conference (Musrenbang) 65 5.2 Technology Innovation Sector (Government Resource Management System) 69 5.2.1 E-Budgeting 73 5.2.2 E-Project Planning 76 5.2.3 E-Controlling 78 5.2.4 E-Delivery 79 Chapter VI: CONCLUSION 80 6.1 Summary 80 6.2 Conclusion 87 Bibliography 90 List of Figures FIGURE 1 1: INDONESIAN OPEN GOVERNMENT PROCESS 2 FIGURE 1 2: THE CENTRAL JAVA DATA PORTAL 3 FIGURE 1 3: RESEARCH DESIGN 6 FIGURE 2 1: STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT IN INDONESIAN 14 FIGURE 2 2: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 31 FIGURE 3 1: MAPS AND LOGO OF CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE 35 FIGURE 3 2: REGIONAL INCOME FOR CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE 38 FIGURE 3 3: ECONOMIC GROWTH EVERY YEAR IN CENTRAL JAVA AND NATIONAL 40 FIGURE 3 4: AWARD AS PROVINCE OF CARING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 2017 43 FIGURE 3 5: AWARD OF THE BEST STATE ADMINISTRATORS' WEALTH REPORT 44 FIGURE 3 6: AWARD AS PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT PUBLIC INFORMATION QUALIFICATION WITH THE BEST VALUE 46 FIGURE 3 7: AWARD AS THE BEST GOVERNMENT AGENCY PERFORMANCE ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM 2018 48 FIGURE 4 1: OECD RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT DIGITAL GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES 56 FIGURE 4 2: SUPPORTING RULES FOR OPEN GOVERNMENT IN INDONESIA 60 FIGURE 5 1: DEVELOPMENT PLANNING CONFERENCE (MUSRENBANG) 65 FIGURE 5 2: PROCESS OF DISCUSSION BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND CITIZENS IN THE MUSRENBANG 69 FIGURE 5 3: GOVERNMENT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF CENTRAL JAVA 71 FIGURE 5 4: ROADMAP DEVELOPING GOVERNMENT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 73 FIGURE 5 5: E-BUDGETING INTERFACE PROGRAM 74 FIGURE 5 6: E-PLANNING PROGRAMS 77 FIGURE 5 7: E-CONTROLLING SYSTEM 78 FIGURE 5 8: E-DELIVERY SYSTEM 79 List of Tables TABLE 3 1: Economic Growth in the Java Region 39 TABLE 4 1: OPEN DATA BAROMETER SCORE AND CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX SCORE 55 |
參考文獻 |
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