系統識別號 | U0002-1407200809571300 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2008.00328 |
論文名稱(中文) | 歐洲聯盟之區域貿易協定的發展與影響 — 以EU與ACP國家間經貿關係為例(1997~2007) |
論文名稱(英文) | Approach of EU Regional Trade Agreements with An Analysis of Its Relationship with ACP Countries for the Last Decade |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 歐洲研究所碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Graduate Institute of European Studies |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 96 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 97 |
研究生(中文) | 邱崇宇 |
研究生(英文) | Chung-yu Chiu |
學號 | 694030122 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2008-06-25 |
論文頁數 | 138頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
苑倚曼
委員 - 梁崇民 委員 - 王高成 |
關鍵字(中) |
區域化 歐洲聯盟 區域貿易協定 非加太國家 經濟夥伴協定 |
關鍵字(英) |
regionalization EU RTAs ACP countries EPA |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
近年來除了對全球化議題進行討論之外,區域化亦逐漸成為國際貿易層面的新趨勢。本研究以「合作與價值、貿易與發展」貫穿全文,並針對歐盟之區域貿易協定的發展以及對世界經貿之影響作一探討。並以制度經濟的觀點針對歐盟與非洲、加勒比與太平洋國家相互進 行單邊優惠措施與貿易援助方面加以探究。 除了羅馬條約之外,歐盟與非加太國家之間已簽署的主要協定以雅溫得公約、洛梅公約、科都努協定及經濟夥伴協定為主。其原則與目的皆在於消除貧窮、促進區域經濟統合與增進和聯繫雙邊關係永續發展的可能性。就現行的市場機制方面,歐盟設置對外貿易政策、優惠制度、歐洲發展基金與歐洲投資銀行等機制以增加開放雙邊市場准入的可行性。若從制度經濟角度及雙邊貿易情況觀之,雙邊互動是逐步由從屬關係到一個穩定的經濟與貿易夥伴關係。 然而國家、市場與產業若能協調相關制度、設置基礎建設與靈活運用外資,亦可促成國家競爭優勢與產業技術能力的創造與提升。國家間的合作無不尋求最適策略以維持國際地位和國家利益。非加太國家除了在歷史背景上與歐盟有著緊密的連結外,利用其在實踐區域貿易統合的經驗、資金與技術的援助及合作和區域組織的政策協調等方式,將有助於對建置共同市場、共同貨幣、融入世界貿易體系並鞏固其第三勢力之地位。 |
英文摘要 |
The growth of humanity and its race for economic development bring out the question of a more efficient allocation of limited resources. With the time, political, economical, scientifical, technological or social development has pushed to cross over the boundaries of domestic or neighborhood markets. Therefore, considering to globalization and regionalization and it’s developmental trend bring new situations and consequences, these effects being possibly positive or negative. Since then international issues cannot anymore be discarded. Over all the world, governments had developed closer cooperation and maintain healthy competition through multilateral, bilateral and inter-regional exchanges, integrated most of the time in international organizations, for example, the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Then in the recent years, Regionalization has become the new trend of the international trade, Europe do not except. Thus in this thesis, “cooperation and new form of trade and development” are depicted throughout the full text, and this study focus on EU’s regional trade agreements’ (RTAs) development and their effect on the world economy and trade. At the same time are also analyzed unilateral preferential measures between the EU, African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries (ACP countries). Besides mentioning the connections between the EU and the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) in the Roma Treaty, EU has also signed three main agreements in the last 50 years between the EU and ACP countries. From “ Yaoundé Convention”, “Lomé Convention” to the present “ Cotonou Agreement” and “Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) ”. Their Common principles and objectives are to reduce poverty in ACP countries, promote the integration of regional economy and ensure sustainable development of the bilateral relations. These agreements help to set up the trade policies and create a European Development Fund (EDF) and guaranty the market stability under the bilateral trade situations. Tentative approach to the view of Institutional Economics, trade trends, and bilateral interaction shows from the hypotactic relations, an stable economy and trade partnership evidence. Developing countries status is evolving and will tend to become totally developed, economically speaking. Nations, markets and industries are more and more able to promote, create and observe a raise of their national competitive advantage and industry technological advantages, in this study the path of their progress and institutional targets; the establishment of infrastructures and the flexibility of foreign capital (Foreign Direct Investment, FDI) are detailed. The future world trading system and present Doha round perspectives will give purpose to analysis of freer trade facing to economical cooperation considerations. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
目次 第一章、緒論 1 第一節、研究動機 1 第二節、研究目的 3 第三節、研究途徑與方法 5 第四節、研究範圍 8 第五節、文獻探討 9 第二章、單一歐洲市場與區域貿易 11 第一節、區域貿易協定 11 第一款、定義 11 第二款、歐盟專責機構 15 第三款、對國際經貿關係的影響 24 第二節、區域經貿合作與發展 27 第一款、市場間區際合作之發展 27 第二款、歐盟與ACP國家之貿易發展合作策略 29 第三款、ACP國家與單一歐洲市場之貿易願景 34 第三節、小結 38 第三章、歐盟與ACP國家間的經貿互動背景 41 第一節、啟蒙時期 41 第二節、簽署公約時期 47 第一款、羅馬條約(The Treaty of Rome)與歐洲共同體條約(The Treaty Establishing the European Community) 47 第二款、雅溫得公約(The Yaoundé Convention)與洛梅公約(The Lomé Convention) 51 第三款、科都努協定(The Cotonou Agreement) 61 一、總體目標與主要訴求 61 二、未來之貿易合作 67 第四章、歐盟與ACP國家間的市場交流機制 69 第一節、歐盟與ACP國家雙邊貿易體系下的運作 69 第一款、兩造市場主要合作發展之產業類型 69 第二款、歐盟對ACP國家重點干預項目 74 第二節、歐盟對ACP國家之市場交流政策 80 第一款、歐盟對外貿易政策 80 第二款、歐盟發展政策 82 一、官方援助預算與歐洲發展基金(European Development Fund, EDF) 82 二、歐洲投資銀行(European Investment Bank, EIB)與普遍優惠制度(Generalized System of Preferences, GSP) 85 第三款、歐盟市場准入政策(Market Access Policy) 90 第三節、ACP國家對歐盟之市場交流 94 第一款、ACP國家組織架構與總體目標 94 第二款、其他區域組織 99 第四節、經濟夥伴協定(Economic Partnership Agreements, EPAs) 101 第一款、主要內容 101 第二款、未來取向與影響 104 第五章、實務評估與未來展望 105 第一節、實務評估 105 第一款、ACP國家對歐貿易之實務分析 105 一、非洲國家對歐貿易實務 105 二、加勒比與太平洋國家對歐貿易實務 107 第二款、對歐盟而言 109 第三款、建立ACP國家的競爭優勢 109 第二節、未來展望 111 第一款、區域市場進一步統合 111 第二款、自由貿易與持續的經濟合作 111 第三款、杜哈宣言與多邊貿易體系的融入 111 第三節、後續研究與挑戰 112 第六章、結論 113 附件 115 附件一 115 附件二 117 附件三 119 參考文獻 131 圖目次 圖1-1 ACP國家分布圖 3 圖1-2 合作與建制(Cooperation and Regimes) 6 圖2-1 RTAs的數量統計圖(1948~2007) 14 圖2-2 歐盟三大支柱 16 圖2-3 單一歐洲市場與專責機構之架構圖 23 圖2-4 世界低度開發國家分布圖 28 圖2-5 2005年歐盟與ACP國家間進出口主要之貿易項目 33 圖2-6 2005年ACP國家世界主要進出口之貿易夥伴比例 40 圖3-1 歐盟在2000年貿易中ACP國家所佔之比例 52 圖4-1 2000年非洲、開發中與已開發國家擁有安全水源與健康衛生之人口比例 74 圖4-2 世界愛滋病(HIV/AIDS)人口分佈情形 76 圖4-3 世界瘧疾分佈圖 77 圖4-4 EDF之決策循環過程 83 圖4-5 2007年EIB各成員國捐贈資金配置圖 87 圖4-6 歐盟對ACP國家開放市場准入之基礎關係示意圖 91 圖4-7 歐盟接受開發中國家產品進口之示意圖(2000~2006) 92 圖4-8 世界各小型區域性國際組織之位置分布圖 99 圖5-1 國家競爭力發展過程 110 表格目次 表2-1 RTA之形態與說明 12 表2-2 競爭總署之政策、部門與相關內容 18 表2-3 歐盟對外貿易與發展政策之策略方針 31 表2-4 歐盟27國與ACP國家間貿易之發展(2000-2006) 33 表2-5 歐洲援助(EuropeAid, 2001~2005)之發展 36 表3-1 雅溫得公約之主要內容與要點 54 表3-2 洛梅公約之主要內容與要點 58 表3-3 科都努協定之主要內容與要點 63 表4-1 歐盟25國對ACP國家農產品之貿易消長狀況(1999~2005) 70 表4-2 歐盟對ACP國家於交通運輸貿易佔總出口之比例(2001~2005) 71 表4-3 造訪非洲之觀光人數統計(2003~2005) 73 表4-4 歐盟27國對ACP國家前十名之貿易關係(2000~2006) 81 表4-5 歐盟27國與ACP國家之貿易量表(2000~2006) 88 表4-6 受惠於EBA之低度開發國家名單 90 表4-7 簽署諮詢會議規則與憲章之ACP國家(至2007年11月16日止) 97 表4-8 ACP組織架構與基本職責 98 表4-9 ACP地區主要區域組織 100 表4-10 EPA:初步國家集團名單(至2006年8月26日止之統計資料) 103 表5-1 歐盟27國由安哥拉(Angola)進口原油之統計表(2000~2007) 105 表5-2 歐盟27國與ACP非洲成員國間農產品貿易與所佔比例(2000~2007) 106 表5-3 歐盟對加勒比ACP國家進出口貿易表(2000~2007) 107 表5-4 歐盟對太平洋ACP國家進出口貿易表(2000~2007) 108 |
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