§ 瀏覽學位論文書目資料
  
系統識別號 U0002-1401201018473800
DOI 10.6846/TKU.2010.00369
論文名稱(中文) 布希政府之拉丁美洲外交政策之研究(2001~2008年)
論文名稱(英文) The George W. Bush Administration's Foreign Policy toward Latin America (2001~2008)
第三語言論文名稱
校院名稱 淡江大學
系所名稱(中文) 拉丁美洲研究所碩士班
系所名稱(英文) Graduate Institute of Latin American Studies
外國學位學校名稱
外國學位學院名稱
外國學位研究所名稱
學年度 98
學期 1
出版年 99
研究生(中文) 鄭怡君
研究生(英文) Yi-Chun Cheng
學號 695310341
學位類別 碩士
語言別 繁體中文
第二語言別
口試日期 2010-01-11
論文頁數 182頁
口試委員 指導教授 - 熊建成
委員 - 熊建成
委員 - 王秀琦
委員 - 向駿
關鍵字(中) 布希
拉丁美洲
外交政策
新保守主義
單邊主義
關鍵字(英) Bush
Latin America
Foreign Policy
Neo-Conservatism
Unilateralism
第三語言關鍵字
學科別分類
中文摘要
20世紀80年代,拉美國家為了發展經濟以及解決債務危機問題,採用了美國推行的「新自由主義」經濟政策。不料,到了90年代後期,拉美經濟開始陷入惡化,社會貧富分化的現象亦有所加劇;於是,拉美人民開始對「新自由主義」進行反思與批判,而拉美新左派領導人也在要求社會公義與社會公正的呼聲中上台,並在西半球形成一支強大的反美軸心。

2001年1月布希總統執政之初,表示將以發展美國和拉美國家的關係作為外交主軸,共同開創「美洲的世紀」;但是,九一一事件發生後,布希政府卻將外交重心轉移到反恐戰爭上,拉丁美洲被擱置在美國外交佈局的次要位置。布希政府對拉丁美洲的忽視不僅促成拉美地區反美浪潮的高漲,同時也導致一些拉美國家發生了政治轉向,使得美拉關係有所惡化。

2006年拉美政治局勢出現左轉後,拉美地區的反美情緒更是達到了巔峰;委內瑞拉、古巴和玻利維亞甚至組成了反美聯盟,抵制美國各項政策在拉美的執行,並在全球大力推行反美外交。有鑒於拉美國家逐漸脫離美國的控制,布希決定親自出訪拉美,試圖挽回拉美民心並重塑美國在拉美的聲望。然而,隨著拉美左翼力量增強以及美國對拉美控制力的不斷下降,布希政府對拉美事務的干預手段也明顯增加,意在削弱反美勢力以及達到分化拉丁美洲的目的,以確保並維護美國在拉美重要的國家利益和霸權地位。

本論文主要透過對歷史文獻與相關資料進行彙整與評析,歸納出布希政府制定對外政策之價值取向與利益目標,從而釐清布希政府制定拉美政策之指導原則與相關理論依據,進一步檢視美國國家利益與政策效益之實踐。
英文摘要
In 1980s, Latin American countries have adopted Neo-Liberalism economic policies to promote economic growth and to resolve the debt crisis. However, in late 1990s, the economic situation and social diaparity in Latin America have suffered steady deterioration. Therefore, Neo-Liberalism economic policies have faced criticism from Latin American people and leftist leaders have come to power and formed an anti-US axis in the western hemisphere.

Bush has claimed to pay close attention to US-Latin American relations and to create“Century of the Ameircas”with Latin American countries in early 2001. Nevertheless, after September 11, 2001 attacks, the anti-terrorism wars have replaced Latin America to become the Bush administration’s foreign policy focus. Accordingly, anti-US sentiments and left-wing forces in Latin America have risen to some extent. And the US-Latin American relations under the Bush administration have worsened as well.

After the 2006 presidential elections, anti-US sentiments in Latin America have grown to new heights. Venezuela, Cuba, and Bolivia even formed an anti-US alliance to boycott the Bush administration’s Latin American policies and to carry out anti-US foreign affairs in the whole world. Due to the expanding anti-US power in Latin America, Bush decided to visit Latin American countries in 2007 and to restore US reputation. However, facing the expanding left-wing forces, the Bush administration has scaled up the intervention capacity in Latin American affairs. Weakening left-wing forces, ensuring US national interests, and maintaining US hegemonic position in Latin America are Bush’s primary intention in making Latin American policies.
第三語言摘要
論文目次
目次 
 
第一章  緒論1
第一節  研究動機與研究目的1
第二節  研究方法與研究架構3
第三節  資料來源與研究限制6

第二章  美國的國家利益與外交政策7
第一節  美國國家利益的基本內涵7
第二節  布希政府的外交理念20
第三節  布希政府的外交戰略35

第三章  布希政府對拉丁美洲的外交政策51
第一節  促進民主和維護人權51
第二節  推動市場經濟與自由貿易62
第三節  打擊毒品與非法移民80

第四章  美拉關係惡化之肇因99
第一節  影響美拉關係惡化之內外因素99
第二節  拉美地區新左派的崛起111
第三節  布希政府企圖重塑美國形象之挫敗127

第五章  結論147

參考書目155
參考文獻
參考書目

一、中文部分

書籍

李少軍,《國際政治學概論》(上海:上海人民出版社,2002年),頁585。
李曉崗,《“9‧11”後美國的單邊主義與世界》(天津﹕天津人民出版社,2007年),頁262。
李慶春,《反恐背景下美國全球戰略》(北京:時事出版社,2004年),頁528。
宋新寧、陳岳,《國際政治經濟學概論》 (北京:中國人民大學出版社,1999年),頁300。
胡瑾、劉建華、王學玉,《國際政治概論》(濟南:山東大學出版社,1998年),頁271。
布里辛斯基(Zbigniew Brzezinski)著,高德源譯,《美國的危機與轉機—從老布希、柯林頓到小布希的外交成績單看超級強權的未來走向》(台北縣新店市:左岸文化出版,2008年),頁170。
高爾德(Tom Galt)著,吳明實譯,《聯合國的組織》(香港: 今日世界社,1965年),頁197。
徐世澄,《拉丁美洲政治》(北京:中國社會科學出版社,2006年7月),頁322。
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陳芝芸,《北美自由貿易協定—南北經濟一體化的嘗試》(北京:經濟管理出版社,1996年),頁79~87。


學位論文

丁健民,《新自由主義發展策略模式與二○○一年阿根廷金融危機關係之研究》(台北:淡江大學,2006年),(碩士論文),頁170。
林柏宇,《哥倫比亞和平進程之研究(1982-2002):政府與游擊隊團體間互動關係之分析》(台北:淡江大學,2003年),(碩士論文),頁112。
鍾宛諭,《拉丁美洲新興左派興起因素之研究》(台北:淡江大學,2007年),(碩士論文),頁147。


期刊

于淼、張家唐,〈美國當代拉美裔移民問題管窺—拉美移民潮與美利堅文明聚合力〉,《歷史教學》,2008年第16期,頁56。
毛相麟,〈國民經濟繼續恢復 古美關係出現鬆動〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2002年第1期,頁28。
王廣大,〈試析美國在中東的國家利益〉,《經濟與社會發展》,第4卷第8期,2006年8月,頁55。
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王成軍,〈燃料乙醇在美國和巴西的發展〉,《國際石油經濟》,第13卷第5期,2005年5月,頁51。
仁山,〈伊拉克戰爭與布希外交新戰略的前途〉,《領導之友》,2003年04期,頁39。
牛長振,〈評析小布什政府的新保守主義外交政策的侷限性〉,《大連幹部學刊》,第23卷第9期,2007年9月,頁43~45。
孔寒冰,〈卡斯特羅如何走上反美之路〉,《世界知識》,2008年第07期,頁31。
左曉園,〈移民:可以借重與顯效的力量─旅美墨西哥移民對墨西哥的影響〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2004年第3期,頁41。
白鳳森,〈《哥倫比亞計畫》是怎麼回事?〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第2期,頁46。
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白秀蘭,〈淺議哥倫比亞內戰〉,《理論前沿》,2005年第22期,頁40~41。
朱強國,〈美國退出《反導條約》的動因及潛藏的戰略意圖〉,《外交學院學報》,2002年第1期,頁67~68。
朱凌,〈從草根中來,到草根中去―玻利維亞第一位印地安人總統莫拉萊斯〉,《世界博覽》,2006年03期,頁58。
朱行,〈美國、巴西和歐盟生物燃料發展現狀概述(上)〉,《黑龍江糧食》,2008年第4期,頁50~51。
江時學,〈論查韋斯的“21世紀社會主義”〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第30卷第1期,2008年2月,頁31~34。
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江西元,〈“9.11”事件後美國外交安全戰略走向〉,《國際觀察》,2002年第4期,頁7~8。
李少軍,〈論國家利益〉,《世界經濟與政治》,2003年01期,頁7。
李東燕,〈從美國國家利益角度看伊拉克戰爭〉,《國際經濟評論》,2003年03期,頁19。
李陽,〈淺析近期墨西哥移民對墨美關係的影響〉,《中國社會科學院研究生院學報》,2005年第3期,頁130~133。
李罡,〈拉美經濟改革理論基礎辨析—新自由主義經濟學與拉美經濟改革〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第30卷第6期,2008年12月,頁43。
李長久,〈“9‧11”事件與美國內外政策走向〉,《當代世界》,2002年01期,頁4。
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李慶四、張楠,〈也談新保守主義對布什政府外交政策的影響〉,《廊坊師範學院學報》,第23卷第5期,2007年10月,頁61。
宋曉平,〈布希政府對古巴政策的走向〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2001年第4期,頁15~16。
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吳颯,〈智利—美國自由貿易協定對智利經濟的影響〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2004年第4期,頁23~25。
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沈躍萍,〈查韋斯“21世紀社會主義”解讀〉,《當代世界與社會主義》,2008年第3期,頁56。
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武樹禮,〈對美洲自由貿易區建立的政治經濟學分析〉,《長春工程學院學報(社會科學版)》,第7卷第2期,2006年,頁33~34。
周聿峨、劉虎,〈拉美裔移民與美國國家特性危機〉,《暨南學報(哲學社會科學版)》,2006年第3期,頁10。
周志偉,〈“乙醇歐佩克”能走多遠?〉,《中國石油石化》,2007年第01期,頁38。
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珍妮,〈美國畫出自由貿易安排全球路線圖〉,《WTO經濟導刊》,2006年第4期,頁20~21。
姚志鵬、陳志強,〈拉美新左翼與“華盛頓共識”〉,《當代世界》,2006年第9期,頁22。
姬虹,〈美國當代外來移民對城市的影響〉,《世界民族》,2008年第6期,頁63~64。
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---------,〈美洲國家首腦會議與美洲自由貿易區的前景〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第28卷第1期,2006年2月,頁10~11。
---------,〈南美洲國家的能源外交和能源合作〉,《國際石油經濟》,2007年10月號,頁3~5。
---------,〈美國對拉美的控制力下降-從第35屆美洲國家組織大會看當前美拉關係〉,《中國經貿導刊》,2005年第15期,頁53。
孫德立,〈布希政府輸出民主戰略析論〉,《求實》,2007年04期,頁76。
---------,〈美國對外輸出民主根源探析〉,《求實》,2008年02期,頁73。
孫若彥,〈美洲自由貿易區與美拉關係〉,《山東師範大學學報(人文社會科學版)》,第51卷第6期,2006年,頁123~124。
---------,〈新自由主義退潮後拉美外交政策的變化〉,《山東師範大學學報(人文社會科學版)》,第53卷第6期,2008年,頁71~72。
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馬建英,〈奧巴馬時代的外交理念與政策〉,《領導科學》,2009年01期,頁54~55。
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唐立新,〈美國新保守主義與布什外交〉,《云夢學刊》,第27卷第4期,2006年7月,頁84~85。
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張勇,〈建立美洲自由貿易區的構想和最新發展〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第28卷第1期,2006年2月,頁17~19。
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---------,〈南方銀行:奏響拉美金融進行曲〉,《現代商業銀行》,2008年01期,頁34~35。
張登文,〈查韋斯“21世紀社會主義”再認識〉,《中共石家莊市委黨校學報》,第11卷第4期,2009年4月,頁20~22。
---------,〈查韋斯:從“第三條道路”走向“21世紀社會主義”〉,《上海黨史與黨建》,2008年1月號,頁57。
邵峰,〈布希第二任期美國對外戰略的走向〉,《世界經濟與政治》,2004年第12期,頁46。
舒先林,〈美國軍事介入中東石油戰略利益之透析〉,《阿拉伯世界研究》,第5期,2007年9月,頁23。
傅夢孜、袁鵬、楊文靜等,〈新任期、新環境、新實踐—布希連任後的對外戰略〉,《現代國際關係》,2006年第3期,頁3~4。
喻廣生,〈拉美:讓左派上台試試〉,《瞭望新聞周刊》,2005年第7-8期,頁70~71。
程景明、徐莉、徐偉平,〈美國、巴西和中國燃料乙醇發展現狀比較〉,《世界農業》,2008年06期,頁11~12。
賀雙榮,〈2001年拉美的對外關係〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2002年第1期,頁8。
---------,〈布希總統執政以來的美拉關係〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第29卷第3期,2007年6月,頁20。
---------,〈古委聯盟讓美國煩〉,《世界知識》,2005年第12期,頁38。
---------,〈拉美左派執政對國際關係的影響〉,《學習月刊》,2008年09期,頁45。
馮峰、諶園庭,〈拉美裔移民對美國大選的影響及美國移民政策的調整〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第30卷第6期,2008年12月,頁13。
焦一強,〈新保守主義與美國的新帝國戰略析論〉,《蘭州學刊》,2007年第2期,頁68~70。
莊焰,〈淺析美國的導彈防禦戰略〉,《理論界》,2007年02期,頁217。
楊志敏,〈美洲自由貿易區夢難圓〉,《世界知識》,2005年第23期,頁50。
---------,〈對當前美洲自由貿易區談判進程的分析〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第27卷第3期,2005年6月,頁57。
楊翼,〈查韋斯“合縱”南美〉,《中國石油石化》,2005年11期,頁26~27。
湯耀國,〈反毒者毒:美玻誰之過?〉,《新聞周刊》,2002年19期,頁58~59。
楊子輝,〈布什對外戰略剖析—從“9‧11”新布什主義出台〉,《內蒙古師範大學學報(哲學社會科學版)》,第35卷第5期,2006年9月,頁52~53。
趙平,〈美國國家利益的界定與中美關係〉,《黔東南民族師範高等專科學校學報》,第22卷第2期,2004年4月,頁17。
趙明亮、鄒樂,〈美國的反恐戰爭與單邊主義〉,《江蘇教育學院學報》,第19卷第2期,2003年3月,頁79。
趙曉琴,〈“9‧11”之後美國對外政策的變化〉,《邊疆經濟與文化》,2008年第4期,頁67~68。
趙曉,〈莫拉萊斯―拉美“反美新鬥士”〉,《南方人物周刊》,2006年01期,頁37。
趙重陽,〈淺析當前委內瑞拉的外交政策〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第29卷第5期,2007年10月,頁47~48。
趙恆志,〈從“自家後院”到“分庭抗禮”—論美國和拉美關係的新危機〉,《宜春學院學報》,第30卷,2008年12月,頁35~36。
趙璐,〈試論新保守主義在美國外交中地位的演變〉,《河南工業大學學報(社會科學版)》,第5卷第1期,2009年3月,頁96。
廖小云,〈淺析美國“先發制人”戰略及其影響〉,《常熟高專學報》,2004年9月第5期,頁19。
齊峰田,〈奧巴馬當選後美國與古巴關係走向〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第30卷第6期,2008年12月,頁22~23。
---------,〈哥倫比亞和平進程的現狀及其前景〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2004年01期,頁12~14。
劉文祥,〈影響美國對外政策的國家利益〉,《河南社會科學》,第10卷第2期,2002年3月,頁15。
劉家海,〈美國對古巴的封鎖〉,《國際論壇》,第4卷第5期,2002年9月,頁43。
劉雯,〈淺析美國民主輸出的動機〉,《現代商業》,2007年21期,頁280。
劉棟,〈美國2006年版的《國家安全戰略報告》〉,《國際資料信息》,2006年第6期,頁18。
劉婉媛,〈美國移民法改革之爭〉,《中國新聞周刊》,2006年13期,頁57。
劉紀新,〈拉美左派的現狀與發展趨勢〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2004年第5期,頁1~4。
劉子平,〈查韋斯“21世紀社會主義”思想評析〉,《聊城大學學報》,2008年第3期,頁73~74。
郭真,〈美國“先發制人”戰略評析〉,《武漢大學學報》,第58卷第2期,2005年3月,頁191。
郭存海,〈布什南下:一朵不結果實的花?〉,《南風窗》,2007年07期,頁77。
董曉鐘、苗增濤,〈變與不變:“後布希時代”的美國安全戰略走向〉,《環球軍事》,2008年05期,頁61。
董娟、孫津,〈試論新保守主義對小布什政府對外政策的影響〉,《當代世界》,2008年06期,頁45~46。
葛立德,〈美國退出《反導條約》及戰略反導系統的發展前景〉,《世界經濟與政治》,2002年第4期,頁39。
陳世潤、楊少華,〈論蘇東劇變後古巴的對外政策〉,《南昌大學學報(人文社會科學版)》,第34卷第6期,2003年11月,頁34。
陳艷,〈國家利益、國家力量與國家關係〉,《思想政治課教學》,2007年第11期,頁47~48。
陳華,〈查韋斯的“21世紀社會主義”構想〉,《當代世界》,2006年第2期,頁51。
陶文釗,〈奧巴馬外交政策走向〉,《國際問題研究》,2009年第1期,頁42~46。
諶園庭,〈墨西哥與美國關係:變化與前景〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,第29卷第3期,2007年6月,頁24。
潘忠岐,〈民主改造中東?—解讀小布希政府的中東戰略構想〉,《阿拉伯世界》,2005年第1期,頁13。
謝文澤,〈拉美經濟改革的產業經濟評價〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2003年第6期,頁19。
謝莉嬌,〈新保守主義在小布什外交政策中的悖論〉,《國際關係學院學報》,2006年第5期,頁41~43。
蔣光化,〈新自由主義理論與實踐〉,《拉丁美洲研究》,2004年第2期,頁1。
顏劍英,〈布希政府“先發制人”戰略評析〉,《重慶交通學院學報》,第6卷第1期,2006年3月,頁55。
魏紅霞,〈美國“後院”為何再掀反美潮〉,《世界知識》,2008年第21期,頁34。
鄭建東,〈古巴:抵禦封鎖邁實步〉,《瞭望新聞周刊》,2002年3月25日,第13期,頁60。


報紙

王祖炯,〈布希批准修建美墨隔離牆〉,《東南商報》,2006年10月28日,版A20。
王冠星、張海濤,〈委獲俄22億美元軍購貸款〉,《河南日報》,2009年9月15日,版11。
王金杰,〈查韋斯總統任期不封頂〉,《溫州都市報》,2009年2月18日,版B。
---------,〈查韋斯在拉美“追打”布什〉,《溫州都市報》,2007年3月13日,版B26。
王籍,〈厄瓜多爾新總統罵布什是笨蛋〉,《東南商報》,2006年12月2日,版A18。
朱立,〈拉美大選年 左翼領風騷〉,《寧波日報》,2006年12月8日,版A12。
向鈴,〈“要不社會主義,要不死”〉,《三峽都市報》,2007年1月12日,版A17。
向駿,〈拉美局勢動盪 撼動美龍頭地位〉,青年日報,2007年1月22日,版4。
李靜林,〈內賈德要幫查韋斯建“核村莊”〉,《西藏商報》,2009年9月9日,版A12。
---------,〈奧巴馬查韋斯握手言和?〉,《西藏商報》,2009年4月20日,版A13。
李宗寬、張遠,〈查韋斯推銷委俄反侵略同盟〉,《河南日報》,2008年7月24日,版8。
李德勝,〈查韋斯三連任委內瑞拉總統〉,《東南商報》,2006年12月5日,版A14。
奇華,〈委國紅潮 向左向左再向左〉,《僑報》,2007年9月12日,版A5。
周驥,〈親身感受委內瑞拉“21世紀社會主義”〉,《寧波日報》,2006年12月13日,版A16。
袁明淙,〈查韋斯訪中東 大舉反美以旗〉,《寧波晚報》,2006年8月31日,版A17。
袁華杰、潘啟雯,〈拉美左派的前世今生〉,《中國社會科學院報》,2009年6月4日,版2。
袁東振,〈拉美發展道路的新探索〉,《人民日報》,2006年5月17日,第3版。
徐冬梅,〈新聞分析:布什訪後院重在反恐〉,《人民日報》,2002年3月27日,第七版。
張莉,〈調查顯示:拉美百姓要發展不要民主〉,《環球時報》,2004年04月23日,第二版。
張寧,〈古巴同意與美恢復移民談判〉,《天下掃描》,2009年6月2日,18版。
張立清,〈美洲峰會奧巴馬重修美拉關係〉,《北方新報》,2009年4 月22日,版16。
馮輝,〈查韋斯加速推進社會改革〉,《南國早報》,2007年2月2日,版18。
馮俊揚,〈查韋斯布什拉美“鬥法”〉,《新華日報》,2007年3月,版A4。
楊川梅,〈奧巴馬絕對優勢當選美國總統〉,《新聞廣角》,2008年11月6日,版A4。
管姚、匡域,〈布什駕到 拉美亂套〉,《晶報》,2007年3月10日,版A16。
衛蔚,〈查韋斯訪俄跳起“快三步”〉,《新民晚報》,2009年9月13日,版A15。
錢克錦,〈奧巴馬:首要任務是經濟和就業〉,《羊城晚報》,2008年11月8日,版A15。
謝會芳,〈奧巴馬與“反美鬥士”握手〉,《長江日報》,2009年4月19日,版6。
鐘松君,〈拉丁美洲出了個查韋斯〉,《都市快報》,2005年6月19日,版18。
 

二、外文部分

書籍

Acuña, Rodolfo F., US Latino Issues (London: Greenwood Press, 2003), p.213.
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, The Choice: Global Domination or Global Leadership (New York: Basic Books, 2004), p.242.
Crandall, Russell, Paz, Guadalupe, and Roett, Riordan, The Andes in Focus: Security, Democracy & Economic Reform (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005), p.237.
Dent, David W., Historical Dictionary of US-Latin American Relations (London: Greenwood Press, 2005), p.510.
Ellner, Steve and Salas, Miguel Tinker, Venezuela: Hugo Chávez and the Decline of an“Exceptional Democracy”(New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007), p.220.
Golinger, Eva, Bush Versus Chávez: Washington’s War on Venequela (New York: Monthly Review Press, 2008), p.175.
Gott, Richard, Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian Revolution (New York: Verso, 2005), p. 315.
Grugel, Jean, Democratization: A Critical Introduction (New York: PALGRAVE, 2002), p.273.
Guevara, Aleida, Chavéz, Venezuela and the New Latin America (New York: Ocean Press, 2005), p.143. 
Gurtov, Mel, and Ness, Peter Van, Confronting the Bush Doctrine: Critical views from the Asia-Pacific (London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005), p.277.
Hart, Gary, The Fourth Power: A Grand Strategy for the United States in the Twenty-First Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004), p.187.
Harvey, David, The New Imperialism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), p.275.
Heazle, Michael, and Islam, Iyanatul, Beyond the Iraq War (UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006), p.190.
Hillman, Richard S., Understanding Contemporary Latin America (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005), p.449.
Hillman, Richard S., Peeler, John A., and Cardozo Da Silva, Elsa, Democracy and Human Rights in Latin America (London: PRAEGER, 2002), p.228.
Hughes, Chris, Nations in Conflict: Cuba (San Diego: Blackbirch Press, 2003), p.48.
Huntington, Samuel P., Who Are We?: The Challenges to America’s National Identity (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p.428.
Jones, Bart, The Hugo Chávez Story from Mud Hut to Perpetual Revolution (Hanover: Steerforth Press, 2007), p.586.
Kozloff, Nikolas, Hugo Chávez: Oil, Politics, and the Challenge to the United States (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), p.262.
Léons, Madeline Barbara, and Sanabria, Harry, Coca, Cocaine, and the Bolivian Reality (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997), p.310.
Lieber, Robert J., The American Era: Power and Strategy for the 21st Century (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), p.255.
Mann, Michael, Incoherent Empire (London: Verso, 2003), p.278.
Marcano, Cristina, and Barrera, Alberto Tyszka, Hugo Chávez (New York: Random House, 2007), p.327.
Miller, Arnold S., Free Trade: Current Issues and Prostects (New York: Novinka Books, 2004), p.125.
Mueller, Karl P.,…[et al.], Striking First: Preemptive and Preventive Attack in U.S. National Security Policy (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2006), p.311.
Porter, Bernard, Empire and Superempire: Britain , America and the World (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006), p.211.
Rochlin, James F., Vanguard Revolutionaries in Latin America (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2003), p.293.
Roett, Riordan and Paz, Guadalupe, Latin America in a Changing Global Environment (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2003), p.243.
Rosenberg, Mark B. and Solís, Luis G., The United States and Central America: Geopolitical Realities and Regional Fragility (New York: Routledge, 2007), p.128.
Sanabria, Harry, The Coca Boom and Rural Social Change in Bolivia (The United States of America: The University of Michigan Press, 1993), p.277.
Soros, George, The Bubble of American Supremacy: Correcting the Misuse of American Power (New York: PublicAffairs, 2004), p.207.
Sturkey, Douglas, The Limits of American Power (UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2007), p.236.
Wiarda, Howard J. and Mott, Margaret MacLeish, Politics and Social Change in Latin America (London: PRAEGER, 2003), p.309.
Wittkopf, Eugene R., Jr., Charles W. Kegley, and Scott, James M., American Foreign Policy (the United States of America: Wadsworth, 2003), p.634.
Youngers, Coletta A. and Rosin, Eileen, Drugs and Democracy in Latin America: The Impact of US Policy (London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005), p.415.

 
期刊論文

Abrams, Jim,“House Panel Endorses US-Peru Trade Accord,”Transport Topics, No.3762, Oct 8, 2007, p.34.
Anonymous,“Aerospace Industries Association; Colombia Trade Agreement Benefits US Economic and Foreign Policy Interests,”Economics Week, Apr 21, 2008, p.11.
Anonymous,“Change to Win; Colombian Workers Stand United With US Workers in Opposition to the Colombia FTA,”Science Letter, May 27, 2008, p.3436.
Anonymous,“US: New tone for foreign policy,”Country Monitor, Vol.9, Iss.38, Oct 1, 2001, p.1.
Anonymous,“Going it alone: Foreign policy,”The Economist, Vol.373, Iss.8396, Oct 9, 2004, p.25.
Anonymous,“Nuclear Alert,”Peace Research, Vol.36, No.2, Nov 2004, p.N7.
Anonymous,“US National Strategy for Homeland Security,”Military Technology, Vol.26, Iss.12, Dec 2002, p.36.
Anonymous,“Business Roundtable; Nation’s Leading CEOs Urge Congress to Pass Colombia Free Trade Agreement,”Economics Week, Jun 2, 2008, p.16.
Anonymous, “The Americas: Nothing’s Free in the World; Central America,” The Economist, Vol.376, Iss.8438, Aug 6, 2005, p.44.
Anonymous, “US Congress Approves Central America Free Trade Agreement,” The American Journal of International Law, Vol.99, No.4, Oct 2005, pp.911-912.
Anonymous, “Adoption of Central American Free Trade Agreement,” The American Journal of International Law, Vol.98, No.2, Apr 2004, p.351.
Anonymous, “Leaders: Next Steps in Colombia; The Drug War in Latin America,” The Economist, Vol.374, Iss.8413, Feb 12, 2005, p.13.
Anonymous,“Leaders: Changing the plan; The United States and Colombia,”The Economist, Vol.360, Iss.8238, Sep 8, 2001, p.10.
Anonymous,“Panama & US Complete FTA,”Beef, Vol.43, Iss.6, Feb 2007, p.7.
Anonymous,“Peru Free Trade Agreement Gets Final Approval,”Logistics Today, Vol.49, Iss.1, Jan 2008, p.10.
Anonymous,“International Dairy Foods Association; Dairy Processors Applaud Senate Passage of US-Peru Free Trade Bill,”Economics & Business Week, Jan 7, 2008, p.11.
Anonymous,“Agribusiness Growing under US, Chile FTA,”World Trade, Vol.17, Iss.12, Dec 2004, p.14.
Anonymous,“Beefing up the Anti-Drug War,”Country Monitor, Vol.15, Iss.39, Oct 22, 2007, p.10.
Anonymous,“The Americas: Just Don’t Call It Plan Mexico; Mexico and the United States,”The Economist, Vol.385, Iss.8552, Oct 27, 2007, p.66.
Anonymous, “Still Bush’s Best Amigo?; Vicente Fox Discusses the Affects of Sept.11 on Mexico and His Relationship with George W. Bush,” Newsweek, Nov26, 2001, p.66.
Anonymous,“The Americas: Using Oil to Spread Revolution; Venezuela and Latin America,”The Economist, Vol.376, Iss.8437, Jul 30, 2005, p.48.
Anonymous,“The Americas: Socialism with Cheap Oil; Venezuela,”The Economist, Vol.390, Iss.8612, Jan 3, 2009, p.26.
Anonymous,“The Americas: Bolivarian Finance; The Bank of the South,”The Economist, Vol.385, Iss.8559, Dec 15, 2007, p.65.
Anonymous,“Bush to Discuss Ethanol Ventures with Brazil,”Energy Compass, Mar 8, 2007, p.1. 
Anonymous,“Ethanol’s Global Politics,”Oil & Gas Journal, Vol.105, No.11, Mar 19, 2007, p.17.
Anonymous,“Goodwill Tour,”Latin Trade, Vol.15, Iss.6, Jun 2007, p.13.
Anonymous,“Bush Tries to Renew Ties to Latin America,”News for You, Vol.55, Iss.12, Mar 28, 2007, p.1.
Anonymous,“Leaders: Mr. Bush Goes South; The United States and Latin America,”The Economist, Vol.382, Iss.8518, Mar 3, 2007, p.12.
Anonymous,“No Tour de Force George Bush in Latin America,”Economist.com/Global Agenda, Mar 14, 2007, p.1. 
Anonymous,“The Americas: A Cautious Welcome for the Gringo; Latin America and the United States,”The Economist, Vol.382, Iss.8520, Mar 17, 2007, p.64.
Anonymous,“The Americas: Spring Break; Latin America and the United States,”The Economist, Vol.382, Iss.8518, Mar 3, 2007, p.55.
Anonymous,“Chavez Tones Down Ethanol-Bashing,”Energy Compass, Apr 19, 2007, p.1. 
Anonymous,“The Americas: Fuel for Friendship; Ethanol,”The Economist, Vol.382, Iss.8518, Mar 3, 2007, p.56.
Anonymous,“United States: But Does He Really Love Her?; George Bush and Latin Amrica,”The Economist, Vol.362, Iss.8265, Mar 23, 2002, p.45.
Anonymous,“US-Latin America: New Era Opens,”Energy Compass, Feb 5, 2009. 
Anonymous,“Venezuela: Obama’s New Friend,”Energy Compass, Apr 24, 2009. 
Anonymous,“Felipe Calderon and Barack Obama Meet,”News Analysis, Jan 13, 2009. 
Anonymous, Economist.com,“America’s border troubles, north and south,”Global Agenda, Sep 6, 2005, p.1.
Anonymous,“Opinion: Obama’s Friendly Handshake with Latin America,”Businessline, Apr 25, 2009. 
Azicri, Max, “The Castro-Chavez Alliance,” Latin American Perspectives, Vol.36, Iss.1, Jan 2009, p.99.
Barker, Terry, and Ekins, Paul,“The Costs of Kyoto for the US Economy,”The Energy Journal, Vol.25, No.3, 2004, p.53.
Brady, Rose,“Chavez’ Oil-Fueled Revolution,”Business Week, Iss.3954, Oct 10, 2005, p.57.
Bush, George W.,“The National Security Strategy of the United States of America,”The White House, Sep 17, 2002, p.7.
Callan, Eoin,“FT.com site: US Reaches Free Trade Agreement with Panama,”FT.com, Dec 19, 2006, p.1.
Carpenter, Ted Galen,“Plan Colombia: The Drug War’s New Morass,”CATO Policy Report, Vol.23, No.5, Sep/Oct 2001, pp.11~14.
Collier, Michael,“Free Trade With Colombia: A Misguided Approach,”Washington Report On The Hemisphere, Vol.28, No.14, Jul 18, 2008, p.4.
Contreras, Joseph, “Adios, Amigos?; Bush Had Promised to Put the Ameircas First, But That Was Before 9-11. Now, The Dangers of A Region Adrift,” Newsweek, Dec17, 2001, p.42. 
Cooper, Marc,“Plan Colombia: Wrong Issue, Wrong Enemy, Wrong Country,”The Nation, Vol.272, Iss.11, March 19, 2001, p.12.
Cormier, Zoe,“No Biofoolin’: It May Sound Great, But Ethanol Is All Politics,”This Magazine, Vol.41, No.6, May/Jun 2008, p.14.
Coronel, Gustavo,“Corruption, Mismanagement, and Abuse of Power in Hugo Chávez’s Venezuela,”Development Policy Analysis, No.2, Nov 27, 2006, p.5.
Cosh, Colby,“Ethanol Diplomacy,”Western Standard, Jun 4, 2007, P.12. 
Dearaujo, Ernani,“In Need of a Fix: Reforming Plan Colombia,”Harvard International Review, Vol.23, Iss.4, Winter 2002, p.9.
Dempsey, Mary A,“Empty-handed,”Latin Trade, Vol.10, No.6, Jun 2002, p.16.
Di Stefano, Paul,“Turning Over a New Leaf: Evo Morales and Bolivia’s Fight to Legalize Coca,”Peace Magazine, Vol.23, Iss.3, Jul-Sep 2006, p.22.
Dominguez, Jorge I.,“A View from Latin America,”Foreign Policy, Vol.137, Jul/Aug 2003, p.34.
Drajem, Mark,“House Approves Free Trade Agreement with Peru,”Transport Topics, No.3768, Nov 19, 2007, p.12.
Drinan, Robert F.,“Bush’s unilateralism aggravates world’s problems,”National Catholic Reporter, Vol.39, Iss.10, Jan 10, 2003, p.16.
Ellis, Kristi,“Bush Signs CAFTA Pact,”WWD, Vol.190, Iss.24, Aug 3, 2005, p.2. 
---------,“Senate Oks Peru Trade Deal,”WWD, Vol.194, Iss.118, Dec 5, 2007, p.12.
Fielding, Michael,“CAFTA-DR to Build Options Over Time,”Marketing News, Vol.40, Iss.2, Feb 1, 2006, p.13.
Fish, Eric,“Americas: Axis of Evo: Bolivia’s Model of Leftism,”Harvard International Review, Vol.28, No.2, Summer 2006, p.9.
Fraser, Barbara J.,“Hugo Chavez Has A Mission—And Oil,”National, Catholic Reporter, Vol.44, Iss.19, May 16, 2008, p.16.
Frechette, Myles,“Rethinking Latin America: A New Approach in US Foreign Policy,”Harvard International Review, Vol.28, Iss.2, Summer 2006, pp.28~31.
Garcia-Orgales, Jorge,“George Bush and Latin America,”Our Times, Vol.23, Iss.6, Dec 2004-Jan 2005, p.32.
Gindin, Jonah, “Red Ballot: Voting for Revolution in Venezuela,,” Canadian Dimension, Vol.38, Iss.5, Sep/Oct 2004, p.7.
---------,“Hugo Chavez & The“New Democracy”,”Canadian Dimension, Vol.39, Iss.4, Jul/Aug 2005, pp.31~32.
---------,“Beyond Populism: The Venezuelan Revolution and the International Left,”Canadian Dimension, Vol.38, Iss.4, Jul/Aug 2004, pp.12~13.
Glunt, Jeremy,“Venezuela Threatens to Cut Off US Oil Exports,”Octane Week, Vol.20, Iss.32, Aug 22, 2005, p.8.
Gordon, Gretchen,“The United States, Bolivia and the Political Economy of Coca,”Multinational Monitor, Vol.27, Iss.1, Jan/Feb 2006, pp.15~16.
Granados, Jaime and Cornejo, Rafael,“Convergence in the Americas: Some Lessons from the DR-CAFTA Process,”The World Economy, Vol.29, Iss.7, Jul 2006, p.857.
Griswold, Daniel, and Hidalgo, Carlos,“A US-Colombia Free Trade Agreement: Strengthening Democracy and Progress in Latin America,”Center For Trade Policy Studies, No.32, Feb 7, 2008, p.4.
Hakim, Peter,“Bracken: US Seeking Antidote to The Chavez Effect,”The Banker, Apr 2006, p.1.
Hawthorne, Amy,“Can the United States Promote Democracy in the Middle East?,”Current History, Vol.102, Iss.660, Jan 2003, pp.24~25.
Herrera, María José,“US-Chile FTA Brings New Opportunities for US Exporters,”AgExporter, Vol.16, Iss.5, May 2004, p.8.
Hilton, Isabel,“Latin America Rises Up,”New Statesman, Vol.18, No.864, Jun 20, 2005, p.12.
Hubbard, Glenn,“CAFTA: A Win-Win Case,”Business Week, Iss.3941, Jul 4, 2005, p.102.
Isaac, Jeffrey C.,“Think About‘Victory’in Iraq,”Dissent, Vol.50, Iss.3, 2003, p.10.
Jack, Silicon and Epstein, Jack,“The New Good Neighbor Policy,”Latin Trade, Vol.17, No.1, Jan/Feb 2009, p.20.
Johnson, Stephen, and Cohen, Ariel,“Minimizing Mischief in Venezuela, Stabilizing the US Oil Supply,”The Heritage Foundation, No. 1787, Aug 12, 2004, p.4~5.
Johnson, Stephen, Cohen, Ariel, and Schirano, William L. T.,“Countering Hugo Chavez’s Anti-US Arms Alliance,”The Heritage Foundation, No.1010, Sep 6, 2006, p.2.
Kamalick, Joe,“US and Brazil Near Ethanol Deal,”ICIS Chemical Business Americas, Vol.271, No.9, Mar 5-Mar 11, 2007, p.8.
Mallen, Roberto,“Bank of the South: Another Step toward Latin American Integration,”Washington Report on the Hemisphere, Vol.27, No.22, Dec 17, 2007, p.1.
Nelson, Lauren,“Obama on Latin America,”Washington Report on the Hemisphere, Vol.28, Iss.21, Oct 10, 2008, pp.1~6.
Ngo, Peter,“US and Brazil Sign Ethanol Co-op Pact, Teeth Pending,”Ethanol & Biodiesel News, Vol.XIX, Iss.11, Mar 12, 2007. 
Nussbaum, Bruce,“Clark: What’s Wrong with US Policy in Iraq,”Business Week, Iss.3851, Sep 29, 2003, p.40.
Ortiz , Ana Maria and Vadum, Matthew,“Marxist Hugo Chavez Calls on Friends in America,”Human Events, Vol.64, Iss.10, Mar 17, 2008, p.9.
Payne, Stephen,“Latin American Expert Says US Should Be Smart about Chavez,”Oil & Gas Investor, Vol.27, No.8, Aug 2007, pp.50~52.
Poole, William,“Despite Flaw, CAFTA Is Step in Right Direction,”The Regional Economist, Oct 2005, p.3.
Richards, Chris,“Kidnapped Democracy: Did the US Stage A Coup in Haiti?,”New Internationalist, Iss.366, Apr 2004, p.8.
Roberts, James M.,“Expanded Trade Ties with Peru Will Benefit America,”The Heritage Foundation, No.1613, Sep 12, 2007, pp.1~2.
Runge, C. Ford and Senauer, Benjamin,“How Biofuels Could Starve the Poor,”Foreign Affairs, Vol.86, No.3, May/June 2007, pp.45~51.
Sánchez, Alex,“Drug Trafficking Does Not End in Mexico,”Washington Report on the Hemisphere, Vol.27, Iss.5, Apr 24, 2007, p.1.
Schmertz, John R.,“Bolivia Begins to Nationalize Its Natural Gas Industry,”International Law Update, Vol.12, October 2006, p.20.
Sebastian Johns,“Trouble in Paradise,”New Internationalist, Vol.410, Apr 2008, p.25.
Sierra, Ruben,“Chavez’s Economic Alliance,”Washington Report on the Hemisphere, Vol.28, Iss.6, Apr 14, 2008, pp.1~3.
Tharin, Mary,“Can Free Trade Be Fair? Lessons From the US-Peru Free Trade Agreement,”Washington Report on the Hemisphere, Vol.28, No.18, Oct 10, 2008, p.4.
Tiron, Roxana,“Experts Urge Bush to Expand Anti-Terror Campaign,”National Defense, Vol.86, Iss.578, Jan 2002, p.22.
Tolkoff, Sarah,“Seeking Profits in Peru: Free Trade Pact Slated to Take Effect This Year, Possibly Boosting Exports,”Orange County Business Journal, Vol.31, Iss.6, Feb 11-17, 2008, p.9.
Vilas, Carlos M,“Continental Shift,”New Internationalist, Vol.400, May 2007, p.19.
Whalen, Christopher,“Rising Anti-US Populism,”The International Economy, Vol.20, Iss.3, Summer 2006, pp.56~59.
White, Robert E., “Bad Neighbor: The Failure of US Policy in Latin America,” Commonweal, Vol.132, No.20, Nov18, 2005, p.10.
Zukang, Sha,“The Global Strategic Balance and Stability Brook on Disruption,”Beijing Review, Vol.43, Iss.34, Aug 21, 2000, p.8.


報紙

Alden, Edward and Silver, Sara,“US Job Fears over Central America Pact,”Financial Times, May 28, 2004, p.12.
Andrews, Edmund L. and Rohter, Larry,“US and Brazil Seek to Promote Ethanol in West,”New York Times, Mar 3, 2007, p.A.1.
Andrews, Edmund L. and Sanger, David E.,“Senate Approves Free Trade Pact,”New York Times, Jul 1, 2005, p.A1.
Anonymous,“Bush, Uribe Renew Push for Free-Trade Agreement,”Taipei Times, Sep 22, 2008, p.7.
Anonymous,“And a Chance for Cuba—And the US,”New York Times, Feb 20, 2008, p.A.20.
Anonymous,“Bush Promotes Central America Trade Pact,”New York Times, Jun 7, 2005, p.A.4.
Anonymous, “Looking Beyond Plan Colombia,” New York Times, May 18, 2001, p.A.18.
Anonymous,“The War in Colombia,”New York Times, Jan 21, 2002, p.A.14.
Anonymous,“House Approves Free-Trade Accord with Peru,”Wall Street Journal, Nov 9, 2007, p.A.2.
Anonymous,“Pass the Peruvian FTA,”New York Times, Nov 7, 2007, p.A.28.
Anonymous,“Bush again focuses on Latin America,”China Daily, Mar 26, 2002, p.4.
Anonymous,“Bush Starts 5-nation Tour to Regain‘Lost’Latin America,”China Daily, Mar 7, 2007, p.12.
Anonymous,“Bush Wraps up Latin America Tour,”China Daily, Mar 15, 2007, p.11.
Anonymous,“Bush’s Latin Gambit Modest Plans Highlight Poverty of US Ambition in Region,”Financial Times, Mar 16, 2007, p.14.
Anonymous,“Bush Tries to Bolster Close Ally Colombia,”China Daily, Mar 12, 2007, p.6.
Anonymous,“Thanks to Mr. Chavez,”New York Times, Mar 7, 2007, p.A.20.
Aznar, Jose Maria, Fox, Vicente, Pastrana, Andres, Sanguinetti, Julio Maria, and Flores, Franciso,“Latin American Democrats Need US Support,”Wall Street Journal, Dec 12, 2008, p.A.19.
Bachelet, Pablo,“House Passes CAFTA to Give Bush Big Win,”Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, Jul 28, 2005, p.1.
Baez, Fernando,“On the Road with Bush and Chavez,”New York Times, Mar 11, 2007, p.4.15. 
Baker, Peter,“Calderon Admonishes Bush on Thorny Issues,”The Washington Post, Mar 14, 2007, p.A.9. 
Balz, Dan,“Edwards to Criticize Bush Foreign Policy; N.C. Senator Decries Unilateralism,”The Washington Post, Oct 7, 2002, p.A.04.
Bounds, Andrew, “Shutting Fortress America’s Back Door: Latin America Has Been A Way into The US for Illegal Immigrants, But Attitudes Are Changing,” Financial Times, Sep 28, 2001, p.14.
Bumiller, Elisabeth,“On the Eve of His Trip to Latin America, Bush Ties US Aid to Reforms,”New York Times, Mar 21, 2002, p.A.8.
Bush, George W.,“War on terror reshapes US foreign policy,”China Daily, Dec 20, 2002, p.4.
---------,“Bush Promises to Aid Central America,”China Daily, Mar 25, 2002, p.12.
Bussey, Jane,“Diplomat: U.S. Faces Competition in Latin America,”McClatchy-Tribune Business News, Jun 11, 2008.
Clifton, Eli,“US: Iraq War Has Made World Less Safe, Policy Experts Say,”Global Information Network, Aug 21, 2007, p.1.
Cohen, Roger,“The Limits of 21st-Century Revolution,”New York Times, Dec 3, 2007, p.A.25.
Daalder, Ivo, and Lindsay, James,“Bush’s priority in Iraq is not democracy,”Financial Times, Nov 11, 2003, p.23.
Daniel, Caroline,“Bush Calls on Latin America to Promote Democracy,”Financial Times, Jun 7, 2005, p.10.
Daschle, Tom,“The Right Trade Deals With Latin America,”The Washington Post, Jun 26, 2007, p.A.21.
Davis, Bob, “US Aims to Win Over Bolivia’s Morales,” Wall Street Journal, Jan 19, 2006, p.A.8.
Delahunt, Bill,“Haitian Democracy Needs US Help Now,”Boston Globe, Feb 22, 2004, p.D.11.
Dombey, Daniel,“US Blames Bolivia over Failure of Drugs Battle,”Financial Times, Sep 18, 2008, p.8.
Dombey, Daniel and Ward, Andrew,“Bush Attempts to Galvanise Support for Democracy in Cuba,”Financial Times, Oct 25, 2007, p.8.
---------,“Washington’s Steps up Help for Mexico’s War on Drugs,”Financial Times, Apr 17, 2009, p.2.
Downie, Andrew,“Brazil, US Look for An Ethanol Alliance,”The Christian Science Monitor, Mar 8, 2007, p.01.
Dyer, Geoff and Mander, Benedict,“‘Maoist’Chvez Strengthens Oil Ties with China,”Financial Times, Sep 25, 2008, p.8.
Elton, Catherine,“Central America Ambivalent Toward Free Trade; Bush Travels to El Salvador Sunday to Discuss A Long-awaited Regional Trade Pact,”The Christian Science Monitor, Mar 22, 2002, p.07.
Farnsworth, Eric,“On Latin America Trip, Bush Should Strengthen Ties with Brazil,”The Christian Science Monitor, Mar 8, 2007, p.09.
Forero, Juan,“Shifting Colombia’s Aid: US Focuses on Rebels,”New York Times, Aug 10, 2002, p.A.4.
---------,“US Considers Toughening Stance toward Venezuela,”New York Times, Apr 26, 2005, p.A.9.
Gomez, Alan,“Debate over Ties with Cuba Brews for Summit; Pressure to Retain Long-held US Policy Builds before Obama Meets Latin Leaders,”USA Today, Apr 13, 2009, p.A.4.
Harman, Danna,“Chavez Seeks Influence with Oil Diplomacy; In Just One Month, Venezuela Has Cut Deals with Five Countries,”The Christian Science Monitor, Aug 25, 2005, p.01.
---------,“In Bolivia, a Setback for US Anti-coca Drive; President-elect Morales’s Plans to Decriminalize Coca May Hinder the War on Drugs,”The Christian Science Monitor, Dec 22, 2005, p.04.
Herbert, Bob,“Oil and Blood,”New York Times, Jul 28, 2005, p.A.25.
Hoge, Warren,“Annan Urges U.S. to Reject Unilateralism In Diplomacy,”New York Times, Dec 12, 2006, p.A.12.
Jackson, David,“Bush Plan Cuts Latin America Aid; House Members Say‘Wrong Message’Sent at A Crucial Time,”USA Today, Mar 9, 2007, p.A.9.
Jacoby, Jeff,“Bush Is Focused on Cuban Freedom,”Boston Globe, May 30, 2002, p.A.19.
Jones, Rachel,“Venezuela Sends Less Oil to US, More to China,”Moscow News, Jul 4~Jul 10, 2008, Iss.26, p.13.
Jr., James C. McKinley,“Bush Asks Congress for $1.4 Billion to Fight Drugs in Mexico,”New York Times, Oct 23, 2007, p.A.18.
Lacey, Marc,“Congress Trims Bush’s Mexico Drug Plan,”New York Times, May 23, 2008, p.A.6.
---------,“Rice Visits Mexico for a Meeting About Its Drug War,”New York Times, Oct 23, 2008, p.A.8.
LaFranchi, Howard,“Mexico Seeks Antidrug Aid from the US,”The Christian Science Monitor, Aug 8, 2007, p.1.
Lapper, Richard,“Chavez Uses Oil to Wield Influence in the South,”Financial Times, Aug 11, 2005, p.5.
Lauria, Joe,“Bush Presses Ahead with Free Trade Pact,”Sunday Business, Dec 21, 2003, p.1.
Lindsay, Reed,“Bolivian Coca Farmers Defy US-Bolstered Ban on Crops,”Boston Globe, Mar 23, 2003, p.A.4.
Luttrell, Martin,“US Pact with Peru Is Praised; McGovern Says All Will Benefit,”Telegram & Gazette, Dec 5, 2007, p.D.1.
Mander, Benedict,“Venezuela’s Televised Revolution,”Financial Times, Aug 8, 2008, p.11.
---------,“Chavez Win to Reignite‘21st Century Socialism’,”Financial Times, Feb 17, 2009, p.7.
Mapstone, Naomi,“US Drug Agents Are Spies, Says Bolivia,”Financial Times, Nov 3, 2008, p.10.
Marquis, Christopher,“New Drug Plan Shifts Focus in Latin America,”New York Times, May 17, 2001, p.A.12.
Martin, Gary,“Labor Working to Thwart CAFTA Trade Pact,”Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, May 11, 2005, p.1.
McKinley, James C.,“Bush Leaves Mexico with Optimism, But No Agreements,”New York Times, Mar 15, 2007, p.A.3.
McKinnon, John D.,“Bush Focus in Latin America Poor,”The Wall Street Journal Asia, Mar 13, 2007, p.9.
McKinnon, John D. and Moffett, Matt,“Bush Plans to Counter Chavez, Court Brazil; Latin American Trip Will Tout Democracy to the US-friendly.”The Wall Street Journal Asia, Mar 6, 2007, p.12.
Milligan, Susan and Staff, Globe,“US Senate Passes Bill to Build Mexican Border Fence,”Boston Globe, Sep 30, 2006, p.A.1.
Mufson, Steven,“Chavez Threatens to Halt Venezuela’s Oil Sales to US,”The Washington Post, Feb 11, 2008, p.A.2.
Porter, Eduardo, “Flow of Immigrant’s Money to Latin America Surges,” New York Times, Oct 19, 2006, p.A.24.
Preston, Julia,“Immigrants Becoming US Citizens At High Rate,”New York Times, Mar 29, 2007, p.A.18.
Regalado, Antonio,“Big-Name US Investors Back Brazilian Ethanol Start-Up,”Wall Street Journal, Mar 15, 2007, p.C.5.
Rice, Susan E.,“Beyond Democratic Peace,”The Washington Post, Dec 16, 2005, p.A.35.
Ricks , Thomas E., and Loeb, Vernon,“Bush Developing Military Policy of Striking First; New Doctrine Addresses Terrorism,”The Washington Post, Jun 10, 2002, p.A.01.
Romero, Simon,“Chavez Threatens to End Oil Exports to US in Exxon Feud,”New York Times, Feb 11, 2008, p.A.13.
---------,“Chavez Backs Off Threats To Halt Oil Exports to US,”New York Times, Feb 18, 2008, p.A.8.
Rutenberg, Jim,“In Uruguay, Bush Finds Friendly Ear and Taste of Home,”New York Times, Mar 11, 2007, p.14.
Rutenberg, Jim and Rohter, Larry,“Bush and Chavez Spar at Distance over Latin Visit,”New York Times, Mar 10, 2007, p.A.1.
Schmemann, Serge,“Controlling Iraq’s Oil Wouldn’t Be Simple,”New York Times, Nov 3, 2002, p.4.1.
Silver, Sara,“Mexico Seeks US Deal on Migrants,”Financial Times, Jan 10, 2002, p.06.
Srinivasan, J.,“US Foreign Policy: Redefining Relationships,”Businessline, Sep 19, 2002, p.1.
Stout, David, and Mason, Christopher, “Bush, Signing Bill for Border Fence, Urges Wider Overhaul,” New York Times, Oct 27, 2006, p.A.16.
Swarns, Rachel L.,“House Republicans Will Push for 700 Miles of Fencing on Mexico Border,”New York Times, Sep 14, 2006, p.A.24.
Talbott, Strobe,“How Bush can start fixing his policy failures,”Financial Times, Dec 19, 2006, p.19.
Thomson , Adam,“Mexico Attacks US Efforts to Fight Drugs,”Financial Times, Mar 31, 2006, p.4.
VandeHei, Jim,“Senate Thwarts Bush’s Agenda on Latin Trade,”Wall Street Journal, Mar 25, 2002, p.A.20. 
Webb-Vidal, Andy,“Bush Aims to Extend Anti-drugs Funding for Colombia,”Financial Times, Nov 23, 2004, p.10.
---------,“Chavez on Oil Export Mission in China,”Financial Times, Aug 24, 2006, p.9.
---------,“US Probe Into Venezuela’s Oil Supply Threat Absurd,”Financial Times, Jul 11, 2006, p.9.
Weisman, Steven R.,“Bush Signals Intent to Force Vote in Congress This Year on Colombian Trade Deal,”New York Times, Mar 13, 2008, p.A.10.
Weitzman, Hal,“US Help for Anti-drug Efforts Shifts Funding from Peru and Bolivia,”Financial Times, Feb 14, 2005, p.10.
Wheatley, Jonathan,“Bush Offer to Fuel Brazil’s Energy Revolution,”Financial Times, Mar 7, 2007, p.4.
Wickham, DeWayne,“Cuba Central to Better Latin America Relations,”USA Today, Apr 21, 2009, p.A.11.
Wright, Robin, and Kessler, Glenn,“Bush Aims for‘Greater Mideast’Plan,”The Washington Post, February 9, 2004, p.A01.
Wu, Hongying,“The White House Wakes Up to Latin America,”China Daily, Mar 21, 2007, p.11.
Yung, Katherine,“World Bank Report Finds Benefit from CAFTA,”Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, Jun 29, 2005, p.1.
Zhiming, Xin,“ABM Withdrawal Undermines Peace,”China Daily, Dec 15, 2001, p.4.


三、官方報告

“A National Security Strategy for a New Century”, The White House, (http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/other_pubs/nssr99.pdf).
George W. Bush,“President Addresses the Nation”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/09/20030907-1.html).
George W. Bush,“President Bush Discusses Freedom in Iraq and Middle East”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/11/20031106-2.html).
George W. Bush,“President Bush Delivers State of the Union Address”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/01/20080128-13.html).
George W. Bush,“Fact Sheet: US-Colombia Free Trade Agreement Essential To Our National Security”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/03/20080312-3.html).
George W. Bush,“Fact Sheet: President Bush Signs Letter to Send the United States-Colombia Free Trade Agreement Implementing Legislation to Congress”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/04/20080407-5.html).
James S. Brady,“Press Briefing On Colombia Free Trade Agreement”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/04/20080409-12.html).
George W. Bush,“President Bush Meets with Cabinet, Discusses Economy, Colombia Free Trade Agreement”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/04/20080414.html).
J. F. Hornbeck,“The Andean Trade Preference Act: Background and Issues for Reauthorization”, CRS Report for Congress, (http://www.sice.oas.org/TPD/USA_ATPA/Studies/CRS2002Feb21_e.pdf).
“Brief Summary of the US-Colombia Free Trade Agreement”, Office of the United States Trade Representative, (http://www.ustr.gov/assets/Document_Library/Fact_Sheets/2007/asset_upload_file222_13072.pdf).
John D. Negroponte,“Helping Colombia Is in Our National Interest”, US Department of State, (http://www.state.gov/s/d/2007/88665.htm).
George W. Bush,“Fact Sheet: Free Trade Agreement Vital To US Economic Growth and National Security”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/02/20080226-4.html).
George W. Bush,“Fact Sheet: Defending Democratic Values We Share with Colombia”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2008/07/20080722.html).
“Official Energy Statistics from the US Government”, Energy Information Administration, (http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Venezuela/Oil.html).
Colin L. Powell,“Confirmation Hearing by Secretary-Designate Colin L. Powell”, U.S. Department of State, (http://www.state.gov/secretary/former/powell/remarks/2001/443.htm).
George W. Bush,“Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html).
George W. Bush,“President Sworn-In to Second Term”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/01/20050120-1.html).
George W. Bush,“President Discusses War on Terror”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/03/20050308-3.html). 
George W. Bush,“State of the Union Address”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/02/20050202-11.html).
George W. Bush,“Remarks by the President to Students and Faculty at National Defense University”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/05/20010501-10.html).
George W. Bush,“President Speaks with Students at Crawford Elementary”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/08/20010823-6.html).
George W. Bush,“President Discusses National Missile Defense”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/12/20011213-4.html). 
George W. Bush,“President Discusses National Missile Defense”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/12/20011213-4.html).
George W. Bush,“Strengthen Alliances to Defeat Global Terrorism and Work to Prevent Attacks Against Us and Our Friends”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss3.html).
George W. Bush,“President Bush Delivers Graduation Speech at West Point”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/06/20020601-3.html).
George W. Bush,“President Delivers State of the Union Address”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020129-11.html).
“Supporting Human Rights and Democracy: The US Record 2005-2006”, United States Department of State, (http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/64057.pdf).
George W. Bush,“The Future of the Americas”, U.S. Department of State, (http://www.state.gov/p/wha/rls/rm/7344.htm).
George W. Bush,“President Sings Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) ”, US Department of State, (http://www.state.gov/p/wha/rls/rm/2005/50492.htm).
George W. Bush,“President Announces Step to Expand Trade & Create Jobs”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020116-13.html).
“Advancing the Cause of Social Justice in the Western Hemisphere”, The White House, (http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/latinamerica/).
Kati Suominen,“U.S. Human Rights Policy Toward Latin America”, United States Institute of Peace, (http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr65.pdf).
Steve Salisbury,“Colombia: Trade, Drug, and the US Congress”, Foreign Policy Research Institute, (http://www.fpri.org/enotes/200705.salisbury.columbiacongress.html).
“US-Chile Free Trade Agreement”, United States Department of Agriculture, (http://www.fas.usda.gov/info/factsheets/chilefta/ChileFTA06.pdf).
“Interim Environmental Review: US-Panama Free Trade Agreement”, Office of the US Trade Representative, (http://www.ustr.gov/assets/Trade_Agreements/Bilateral/Panama_FTA/asset_upload_file503_5123.pdf?ht=).
J. F. Hornbeck,“The Proposed US-Panama Free Trade Agreement”, CRS Report for Congress, (http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/57846.pdf).
Anne W. Patterson,“Counternarcotics Strategy in Colombia”, US Department of State, (http://merln.ndu.edu/archivepdf/colombia/State/83654.pdf).
Colleen W. Cook, Rebecca G. Rush, and Clare Ribando Seelke,“Merida Initiative: Proposed US Anticrime and Counterdrug Assistance for Mexico and Central America”, CRS Report for Congress, (http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/06.03.08%20CRS%20Report.pdf).


四、網路資源

Condoleezza Rice,“US-Colombia Trade Pact Would Enhance Prosperity, Security; Agreement Also Would Benefit US Workers, Strengthen Ties, Rice Says”, America.gov, (http://www.america.gov/st/econ-english/2008/April/20080408090219eaifas0.2738764.html).
Michael Shifter,“Why Venezuela Matters”, In The National Interest, (http://www.inthenationalinterest.com/Articles/Vol2Issue28/Vol2Issue28Shifter.html).
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