掌握產業技術發展趨勢與技術演化，辨別技術知識流公司的位置與角色，知己知彼發展蓄積公司核心技術能力，以維持公司持續競爭優勢，是公司追求經營績效之一大課題。本研究目的為辨識產業中競合公司的內部核心技術研發組合，產業技術演化軌跡及知識流中公司的位置與角色，以協助公司提升技術規劃的決策品質、增進技術研發組合的效能。本研究以薄膜太陽能技術領域之公司為實證，以美國專利資料庫(USPTO)為專利資料來源，並建構整合性分析方法，首先以專利指標分析公司技術能力是否為內部核心技術，再利用主路徑分析以瞭解薄膜太陽能技術之演化過程及技術間之影響，最後進行社會網絡中心性分析，以瞭解專利擁有公司之間的知識位置，並分析知識流。結果顯示，在核心技術能力方面，從事跨兩種特定技術領域之公司，其研發組合的優勢能力，較單一核心技術的領先公司為低，透過核心技術能力，公司可監控競爭者的技術發展及方向性，後進者可仿效領先者的創新及提升自身技術能力，尋求技術的利基點。在技術演化方面，總體主路徑於1997-2003年、1997-2010年與1997-2017年三個期間皆發展出不同之源點與匯點，透過總體主路徑，公司可隨時監控總體主路徑上是否有新技術取代落後技術，並幫助公司規劃技術研發及適當的策略決策，以避免產生路徑依賴之影響。在知識流方面，網絡中的大多數公司分屬於知識生產者或知識吸收者，在技術研發初期的公司多為知識吸收者，隨著技術的發展成為產業中的領導者，透過知識的累積過程，可辨識公司的位置與角色變化，理解產業技術知識的趨勢，以幫助公司擬定未來技術發展與策略方向。

Companies pursue their best business performance by maintaining a constant competitive advantage through understanding the trend of technology development along with the evolution of technology in industries, developing the core technological competencies of companies, and identifying the position of the companies in technology knowledge flow. The purpose of this research is to identify the internal core technology, the technology development, and knowledge flow to help companies improve their decision-making quality of technology planning and enhance their R&D portfolio efficiency. This study focuses on the field of thin film solar technology by applying patent data based on the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). An integrated analysis method is constructed with three phases: First, we apply patent indicators to analyze whether a company’s technological competency is on internal core technology. Next, we use main path analysis to understand the evolution process of thin film solar technology and its impact among technologies. Finally, we conduct a centrality analysis of social networks to understand the position of assignees in the knowledge flow. The results of this study show that (1) in terms of the core technological competency, companies engaged in two specific technology fields have lower strengths in R&D portfolio than leading companies with a single core technology. Companies can monitor the technology development and direction of competitors through core technological competency. Latecomers can emulate the innovation of leaders and enhance own technological competency to seek the niche of technology. (2) In terms of technological evolution, there are different source nodes and sink nodes in global main path during 1997-2003, 1997-2010 and 1997-2017. Through global main paths, companies can monitor whether there are outdated technologies that can be replaced by new technologies to help companies construct R&D planning and implement appropriate strategic decisions, thus avoiding path dependence. (3) In terms of knowledge flow, most companies in the network belong to either knowledge producers or knowledge absorbers. In the early stage of technology development, most companies are knowledge absorbers. With the development of technology, some companies become leaders in the industry. Through the process of knowledge accumulation, identifying the change of position and the role of companies and understanding the trend of industrial technology knowledge can help companies to develop new technology and to direct strategic decisions.

目錄
目錄	I
表目錄	III
圖目錄	IV
第一章 緒論	1
第一節 研究背景與動機	1
第二節 研究問題	6
第三節 研究目的	11
第四節 研究流程	17
第五節 研究範疇與章節	18
第二章 文獻探討	21
第一節 核心技術能力	21
第二節 技術軌跡	28
第三節 知識流	37
第三章 研究方法	42
第一節 研究方法架構	42
第二節 資料蒐集	45
第三節 分析方法	51
第四章 薄膜太陽能公司核心技術能力分析	62
第一節 專利占有率	62
第二節 比較技術優勢	70
第三節 辨識公司核心技術能力	74
第五章 薄膜太陽能技術軌跡分析	86
第一節 技術軌跡	86
第二節 總體主路徑	87
第三節 關鍵延伸主路徑	95
第六章 薄膜太陽能公司知識流分析	100
第一節 公司引用網絡結構	100
第二節 中心性統計量	102
第三節 知識流公司之位置與角色	104
第七章 結論與建議	113
第一節 結論	113
第二節 管理意涵	119
第三節 理論意涵	121
第四節 研究限制與未來研究建議	122
參考文獻	124
表目錄
表3-1 檢索語法及1977-2017年專利數 46
表3-2 限縮檢索語法及1977-2017年專利數 47
表4-1  薄膜太陽能代表公司六項技術領域之專利數 65
表4-2  薄膜太陽能代表公司六項技術領域之專利占有率 66
表4-3  薄膜太陽能代表公司六項技術領域之比較技術優勢 68
表4-4  薄膜太陽能代表公司六項技術領域之核心技術能力 75
表5-1 1997-2003年總體主路徑專利描述  88
表5-2 1997-2010年總體主路徑專利描述 91
表5-3 1997-2017年總體主路徑專利描述 93
表6-1 各期間中心性統計量與O-I指數 103
圖目錄
圖1-1  太陽能光電技術路徑 2
圖1-2  研究流程 18
圖1-3  論文章節架構 20
圖2-1  路徑網路 34
圖3-1  研究方法架構 43
圖3-2  檢索流程 44
圖3-3  1977-2017年太陽能產業核准專利數變化 49
圖3-4  公司技術能力剖析 54
圖3-5  公司間知識之位置與角色 61
圖5-1 1997-2003年專利總體主路徑 87
圖5-2 1997-2010年專利總體主路徑 90
圖5-3 1997-2017年專利總體主路徑 93
圖5-4 1997-2003年專利總體主路徑與關鍵延伸主路徑 96
圖5-5 1997-2010年專利總體主路徑與關鍵延伸主路徑 98
圖5-6 1997-2017年專利總體主路徑與關鍵延伸主路徑  99
圖6-1  1997-2003年公司引用網絡 101
圖6-2  1997-2010年公司引用網絡 101
圖6-3  1997-2017年公司引用網絡 102
圖6-4  1997-2003年知識流公司之位置與角色 104
圖6-5  1997-2010年知識流公司之位置與角色 108
圖6-6  1997-2017年知識流公司之位置與角色 112

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