系統識別號 | U0002-1208202009331400 |
---|---|
DOI | 10.6846/TKU.2020.00313 |
論文名稱(中文) | 製備聚氧化乙烯高分子固態電解液之結構與性質研究 |
論文名稱(英文) | Studies on the structures and properties of polyethylene oxide polymer solid electrolytes |
第三語言論文名稱 | |
校院名稱 | 淡江大學 |
系所名稱(中文) | 化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班 |
系所名稱(英文) | Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering |
外國學位學校名稱 | |
外國學位學院名稱 | |
外國學位研究所名稱 | |
學年度 | 108 |
學期 | 2 |
出版年 | 109 |
研究生(中文) | 莫詠皓 |
研究生(英文) | Yong-Hao Mo |
學號 | 606400611 |
學位類別 | 碩士 |
語言別 | 繁體中文 |
第二語言別 | |
口試日期 | 2020-07-07 |
論文頁數 | 86頁 |
口試委員 |
指導教授
-
賴偉淇
委員 - 童世煌 委員 - 陳信龍 |
關鍵字(中) |
固態電解質 溶劑揮發 靜電紡絲 無機奈米填料 |
關鍵字(英) |
Solid electrolytes Solution casting Electrospinning Inorganic nanoparticles |
第三語言關鍵字 | |
學科別分類 | |
中文摘要 |
固態電解液面臨最大的問題為室溫下的離子傳導率低,因此本研究著重在如何提高室溫下導電度。本研究提出一種新型固態電解液製備方法"靜電紡絲法"來製備高分子固態電解液。本研究分為兩部份,第一部份以聚氧化乙烯(Poly(ethylene Oxide),PEO)與過氯酸鋰(Lithium perchlorate,LiClO4)以不同莫耳比例進行摻合後分別使用溶液鑄膜法和靜電紡絲法製備形成高分子固態電解液。由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察表面形態得知在溶液鑄膜法中隨著LiClO4的添加量的增加,平滑結構的產生與PEO結晶度的降低有關,而在靜電紡絲法中纖維結構的平均直徑約在200-600nm之間隨著鹽類添加量的增加而增加。在傅立葉紅外線轉紅外線光譜儀(FTIR-ATR)分析中得知LiClO4上的鋰離子(Li+)能與聚氧化乙烯醚基上的氧原子形成配位鍵,由熱差式掃描熱卡計(DSC)結果得知結晶度和熔點會隨著LiClO4添加量的增加而降低。由電化學阻抗圖譜(EIS)分析可得知導電度導電度隨著LiClO4添加量的增加而上升,透過溶液鑄膜法最高導電度值為5.16×10-7S/cm,靜電紡絲法則為3.94×10-5 S/cm。 第二部份為透過靜電紡絲法加入SiO2填料製備複合高分子固態電解液,由 (SEM)觀察表面形態得知纖維平均直徑隨著二氧化矽含量的添加而減少,由(DSC)結果得知結晶度和熔點會隨著SiO2添加量的增加而降低,由(EIS)分析可得知導電度隨著添加量增加而上升在7wt%時達到4.67×10-4S/cm。由線性掃描伏安(LSV)得知加入二氧化矽填料擁有較佳的化學穩定性。由溫度對導電度的變化得知三個系統都符合Arrhenius方程式。 |
英文摘要 |
The biggest problem facing solid electrolytes is the low ionic conductivity at room temperature, so this study focuses on how to increase the conductivity at room temperature. In this study, a new solid electrolyte preparation method "electrospinning method" is proposed to prepare polymer solid electrolyte. This study is divided into two parts. In the first part, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) are mixed in different molar ratios to prepare polymer solid Electrolyte by using Solution casting and electrospinning. Observation of the surface morphology from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that in the solvent volatilization method, as the amount of LiClO4 added increases, the morphology of the smooth structure is related to the decrease in the crystallinity of PEO, while the average fiber structure in the electrospinning method The diameter increases between 200-600nm as the amount of salt added increases. In the analysis of Fourier Infrared to Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR-ATR), it is known that the lithium ion (Li+) on LiClO4 can form a coordination bond with the oxygen atom on the polyoxyethylene ether group, According to the results of thermal differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), the crystallinity and melting point will decrease with the increase of the amount of LiClO4. From the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the conductivity will be known as the conductivity of LiClO4. Increase while increasing, the highest conductivity quality through the solution casting is 5.16×10-7S/cm,and the electrospinning is 3.94×10-5 S/cm. The second part is to prepare a composite solid electrolyte by adding SiO2 filler through electrospinning. Observing the surface morphology by (SEM), it is known that the average fiber diameter decreases with the addition of silica content. According to the results of thermal (DSC), the crystallinity and melting point will decrease with the increase of SiO2 addition. From the (EIS) analysis, it can be known that the conductivity increases with the addition of the amount of 7wt% to 4.67×10-4S/cm. It is known from linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) that the addition of silica filler has better chemical stability. From the change of temperature to electrical conductivity, we know that the three systems are in line with the Arrhenius equation. |
第三語言摘要 | |
論文目次 |
目錄 中文摘要 Ⅰ 英文摘要 Ⅱ 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 X 第一章緒論 1 1-1前言 1 1-2研究動機與目的 2 第二章文獻回顧與理論背景 3 2-1靜電紡絲的發展歷史 3 2-2靜電紡絲的原理與裝置 4 2-3影響靜電紡絲之參數 5 2-3-1溶液參數 5 2-3-2靜電紡絲製程參數 6 2-3-3環境參數 7 2-4鋰離子電池歷史發展 8 2-5鋰離子電池介紹 9 2-6 鋰離子電池原理 10 2-7高分子電解質的介紹 11 2-8高分子電解質的種類 12 2-8-1膠態高分子電解質 12 2-8-2固態高分子電解質 14 2-9以靜電紡絲法製備固態高分子電解質 17 2-9-1以浸泡電解液製備固態電解質 17 2-9-2把鹽類摻入電紡溶劑中製備固態電解質 19 2-10靜電紡絲加入無機填料製備固態電解質 21 第三章實驗 22 3-1實驗藥品 22 3-2實驗儀器 23 3-3實驗流程 25 3-3-1 PEO/ LiClO4溶液鑄膜法固態電解質製備 25 3-3-2 PEO/ LiClO4靜電紡絲法固態電解質製備 25 3-3-3 PEO/ LiClO4/SiO2靜電紡絲法固態電解質製備 26 3-3-4固態高分子電解質電性測試元件製備 27 3-4特性分析 27 3-4-1場放射掃描式電子顯微鏡(Field emission scanning electron microscopy,SEM) 27 3-4-2能量色散x射線光譜(Energy-disoersive X-ray spectroscopy,EDS) 27 3-4-3傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀-衰減式全反射(FTIR-ATR) 27 3-4-4微差掃描熱卡計儀(Differential scanning calorimetry,DSC) 27 3-4-5交流阻抗分析測試(Electrocgemistry Impedance Spectroscopy,EIS) 27 3-4-6固態電解質溫度對導電度的變化 28 3-4-7線性循環掃描伏安分析(Linear sweep voltammetry,LSV) 29 第四章結果分析與討論 30 4-1溶液鑄膜法和靜電紡絲法製備固態電解質之性質探討 30 4-1-1固態電解質表面結構與型態 30 4-1-2傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析(FTIR-ATR) 45 4-1-3結晶度分析 47 4-1-4導電度量測 51 4-2靜電紡絲法加入二氧化矽填料製備固態電解質之性質探討 55 4-2-1靜電紡絲法加入二氧化矽填料表面結構與型態 55 4-2-2 EDS元素分析探討靜電紡絲纖維其化學成分 62 4-2-3傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析(FTIR-ATR) 68 4-2-4靜電紡絲法加入二氧化矽填料固態電解質結晶度分析 69 4-2-5靜電紡絲法加入二氧化矽填料製備固態電解質導電度分析 70 4-2-6固態電解質溫度對導電度的變化 73 4-2-7 線性掃描伏安分析 75 第五章結論 76 參考資料 78 圖目錄 圖 2-1靜電紡絲原理示意圖 4 圖 2-2 PS/DMF系統不同濃度下的纖維表面型態圖 (a)10wt% (b)20wt% (c)30wt% 5 圖 2-3鋰離子電池工作示意圖 10 圖 2-4鋰離子在高分子鏈中傳遞示意圖 12 圖 4-1PEO(4wt%)表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 31 圖 4-2PEO(7wt%)表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 31 圖 4-3PEO(10wt%)表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 32 圖 4-4靜電紡絲法純PEO纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K(c)10k 35 圖 4-5純PEO平均纖維直徑圖 35 圖 4-6靜電紡絲法PEO:LiClO4=30:1纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K (c)10k 36 圖 4-7 PEO:LiClO4=30:1平均纖維直徑圖 36 圖 4-8靜電紡絲法PEO:LiClO4=27.5:1纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K (c)10k 37 圖 4-9 PEO:LiClO4=27.5:1平均纖維直徑圖 37 圖 4-10靜電紡絲法PEO:LiClO4=25:1纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K (c)10k 38 圖 4-11 PEO:LiClO4=25:1平均纖維直徑圖 38 圖 4-12靜電紡絲法PEO:LiClO4=22.5:1纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K (c)10k 39 圖 4-13 PEO:LiClO4=22.5:1平均纖維直徑圖 39 圖 4-14靜電紡絲法PEO:LiClO4=20:1纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K (c)10k 40 圖 4-15 PEO:LiClO4=20:1平均纖維直徑圖 40 圖 4-16靜電紡絲法不同比例LiClO4的平均纖維直徑影響圖 41 圖 4-17溶液鑄膜法純PEO表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 43 圖 4-18溶液鑄膜法PEO:LiClO4=30:1表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 43 圖 4-19溶液鑄膜法PEO:LiClO4=27.5:1表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K (b)5K 43 圖 4-20溶液鑄膜法PEO:LiClO4=25:1表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 44 圖 4-21溶液鑄膜法PEO:LiClO4=22.5:1表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 44 圖 4-22溶液鑄膜法PEO:LiClO4=20:1表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K 44 圖 4-23不同方法製備的固態電解質FTIR-ATR圖 46 圖 4-24溶液鑄膜法不同比例LiClO4的DSC溫度掃描圖(1st run Heating) 49 圖 4-25靜電紡絲法不同比例LiClO4的DSC溫度掃描圖(1st run Heating) 50 圖 4-26溶液鑄膜法不同比例LiClO4的固態電解質導電度圖 53 圖 4-27靜電紡絲法不同比例LiClO4的固態電解質導電度圖 54 圖 4-28純SiO2粒子 55 圖 4-29 9wt%SiO2纖維表面型態圖 55 圖 4-30 0wt%SiO2纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K(c)10k 57 圖 4-31 0wt%SiO2平均纖維直徑圖 57 圖 4-32 3wt%SiO2纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K(c)10k 58 圖 4-33 3wt%SiO2平均纖維直徑圖 58 圖 4-34 5wt%SiO2纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K(c)10k 59 圖 4-35 5wt%SiO2平均纖維直徑圖 59 圖 4-36 7wt%SiO2纖維表面型態圖,放大倍率(a)1K(b)5K(c)10k 60 圖 4-37 7wt%SiO2平均纖維直徑圖 60 圖 4-38靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的平均纖維直徑影響圖 61 圖 4-39 0wt%SiO2EDS元素分析圖 62 圖 4-40 3wt%SiO2EDS元素分析圖 63 圖 4-41 5wt%SiO2EDS元素分析圖 63 圖 4-42 7wt%SiO2EDS元素分析圖 64 圖 4-43 3wt%SiO2 EDS局部元素分析圖 65 圖 4-44 5wt%SiO2 EDS局部元素分析圖 66 圖 4-45 7wt%SiO2 EDS局部元素分析圖 67 圖 4-46靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的FTIR-ATR圖 68 圖 4-47靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的DSC溫度掃描圖(1st run Heating) 69 圖 4-48靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的固態電解質導電度圖 72 圖 4-49不同方法製備的固態電解質溫度對導電度的變化關係圖 74 圖 4-50靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的固態電解質線性掃描電位圖 75 表目錄 表 2-1鋰離子電池電解質的比較 10 表 3-1 PEO/LiClO4溶液鑄膜法固態電解質樣品含量表 25 表 3-2 PEO/ LiClO4靜電紡絲法固態電解質樣品含量表 26 表 3-3 PEO/ LiClO4/SiO2靜電紡絲法固態電解質樣品含量表 26 表 4-1不同濃度PEO/DI water系統靜電紡絲實驗參數表 31 表 4-2不同莫耳比PEO/LiClO4系統靜電紡絲實驗參數表 33 表 4-3 PEO特性吸收峰 45 表 4-4溶液鑄膜法不同比例LiClO4的DSC數據一覽表 49 表 4-5靜電紡絲法不同比例LiClO4的DSC數據一覽表 50 表 4-6溶液鑄膜法不同比例LiClO4的固態電解質數據一覽表 53 表 4-7靜電紡絲法不同比例LiClO4的固態電解質數據一覽表 54 表 4-8不同含量SiO2的靜電紡絲實驗參數表 56 表 4-9矽氧特性吸收峰 68 表 4-10靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的DSC數據一覽表 70 表 4-11靜電紡絲法不同含量SiO2的固態電解質數據一覽表 72 |
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