當代有部分國家之間的關係是被忽視的，然而矛盾的是其關係同時據有發展的潛力，向是中華民國與俄羅斯聯邦之間的關係。本文致力於探討台俄之間的合作關係，並進一步的探討台灣的國家利益與其在中俄關係之間所扮演之角色，尤其是台俄之間在經濟之間有著極大的發展潛力與現實地緣政治下的關聯。
台俄關係研究的重要性在於能更加的使雙方相互認識，藉由辨識出互動中的強弱方與試圖尋找出雙方未來在共同利益上能合作的領域。俄羅斯不但與中國大陸在國界上相互接壤，同時與北京有著戰略夥伴關係，導因於「一中政策」下的原則，因此，使得台俄關係更加有趣。
為了探索行為者三方之間的關係，藉由Lowell Dittmer的戰略三角理論，將三邊關係解構至雙邊互動，使得三邊賽局關係的評估更為容易與嚴謹。另外，建構三方關係必須同時注重發展雙邊與三角關係，才能夠創造穩定的三角關係。值得一提的是，兩邊的關係會影響到第三方的關係，這絕對是影響三角關係的不穩定因素，因為其可能影響雙邊關係中之價值或對稱性。而且，筆者透過研究發現Lowell Dittmer的戰略三角理論可以進一步發展至戰略四角關係，也因而藉由理解戰略四角裡的三角關係型態，將有助於分析俄羅斯國家利益之所在。

There are some countries in the modern world, those relations have been so ignored and contradicted and at the same time have a great potential for large-scale and mutually beneficial development, as relations between the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the Russian Federation. 
The dissertation is dedicated to explore not only the characteristics of Taipei-Moscow cooperation, but examine the new, yet unexplored areas of the development of the process, which is the scope of the national interests of Taiwan and the role of the Island in Sino-Russian relations.  Notably, that undeveloped, however with a great potential Russia-Taiwan economic relations forming a sphere, the relevance of the study of which due to new geopolitical reality is obvious.
A study of Moscow-Taipei relations is important to learn in order to fill the gap in knowledge about each other; for identifying strong and weak sides of interactions; and for finding out the overlapping areas of mutual interest that would help for further collaboration between two entities. Russia is not only share a common border with China, but also a strategic partner of Beijing, which is following the main aspect of the partnership – a “one-China” principle, which makes the study of Taiwan-Russian relations even more interesting, due to mandatory  being learned from the lens of Sino-Russian relationships.  
In order to explore the trilateral relations among players, the theory of strategic triangle of Lowell Dittmer has been used. Through detaching trilateral relations into bilateral, made the evaluation of trilateral game easier on one hand and from the other hand, more scrupulous. Besides, building the trilateral relations without focusing of developing bilateral bonds among triangle relations, almost impossible to create the stable triangular relations with any case scenario. It is worth to mention, that the relations of each player in a bilateral relations toward a third player is the definitely triangular unstable element in the issue, which could influence on the value or/and on the symmetry of the first relations.
What’s more, the author have realized that the theory of the strategic triangle of Lowell Dittmer could be developed into the so-called strategic quadrangle, through stimulating the function of a non-revitalize triangle within the quadrangle could serve Russia’s interests more effectively.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement ...................................................................................................................... ii
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………….……..………... vi
List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………….……….……..… .x 
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………….………. .…….. xii
List of Schemes ……………………………………………………………………………….. xiv
List of Graphs …………………………………………………………………………. .…… ..xv
List of Maps ……………………………………………………………………………….…... xvi
Chapter I. Introduction …………………………………………………………….….…….… 1
1.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………….….…..….…. 1
        1.1.1. Research Motives……………………………………………………….…….…...…. 1
        1.1.2. Research Objective…………………………………………………….….…..……. . 3
1.2. Literature Review ……………………………………………………………….……..…….4
         1.2.1. Sources and Research Materials………………………………………………....….. 4
         2.2.2. On Overview of Significant Literature…………………………………….….…...... 6
 1.3. Research Methods………………………………………………………..…………….….. 16 
         1.3.1. Research Methodology………………………………………..………………….…16
         1.3.2. Research Questions and Hypothesis ……………………………..…………….…...21
1.4. Organization of Research……………………………………………….……………….…. 23
       1.4.1. Theoretical Framework …………………………………………….……………….. 23
        1.4.2. Analytical Framework ………………………………………………………………43
        1.4.3. Structure of Dissertation …………………………………………………………….49
Chapter II. Historical Excurse to the Sino-Russian Relations; Russia - Taiwan Ties and China-Taiwan Interactions …………………………………………………………….…….. 50
 2.1. The ebb and flow in relations between Russia and China ………………………….…….. 50
      2.1.1. The Mongol complex and yellow menace….. ………………………………….…… 57
      2.1.2. Everlasting friendship ……………………………………………….………….….…60
      2.2.3. Armed confrontation along the shared border …………………..……….…..…….…61
2.2. Russian - Taiwanese Ties ………………………………………………………....….…….72
        2.2.1. Early ROC-USSR Connections ……………………………………………….…….75
         2.2.2. Mutual influence without direct contact ….…….……………………………..……78
         2.2.3. Initial Unofficial ROC-USSR Rapprochement ………………………….…….……81
2.3 History of China-Taiwan Interactions …………………………...………………….…..…...85
         2.3.1. The First and the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis ………………….……………. . .….87
         3.2.2. The “1992 Consensus” …………………………………………………………… 101
         3.2.3. The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis ……………………………………………………105
Chapter III. Washington Role in Taiwan – China Relations ……………………………...110
3.1. Development after separation ……………………………………………………………..110
       3.1.1. Modernization of the ROC …………………………………………………………111
       3.1.2. The PRC’s Path of Modernization ………………………………………………… 116
       3.1.3. Economic Relations and Interdependence …………………………………….…....120
3. 2.  The role of Washington in building up the Taiwan society ………………………….…. 132
        3.2.1. Arms Sales to Taiwan …………………………………………….……………..…133
        3.2.2. Visa Waiver Program ………………………………………………………………137
         3.2.3. Economic Issues …………………………………………………………………..139
3.3. Building the Trust across the Taiwan Strait ……………………………………………….144
        3.3.1. Cross-Strait Agreements and Challenges ………………………………………….145
         3.3.2. Developing economic ties with the Foreign Companies ………………………….149
         3.3.3. PRC Political Influence ………………………...…………………………………150
Chapter IV. Yeltsin Presidency, 1991-1999 …………………………………………………156
 4.1. Mikhail Gorbachev “New Thinking” …………………………………………………….157
        4.1.1. Gorbachev’s New Directions Toward Asia ………………………………………..159
         4.1.2. Relations between China and the USSR Under Gorbachev ………………………163
         4.1.3. The PRC Response to Soviets Initiatives ………………………...……………….169
4.2. The Presidency of Boris Yeltsin ………………………………………………………….177
        4.2.1. Developments of the Foreign Policy of New Russia ………………………………179
        4.2.2. The Yeltsin Russia and the PRC relations ………………………………...……….183
        4.2.3. Obstacles in bilateral relations ………………………………………….………….198
4.3. Russia, China, and Taiwan relations in the Yeltsin Era …………………………………...204
       4.3.1. Gorbachev’s New Thinking Toward Taiwan ………………………………………205
       4.3.2. The formation of a new Russian foreign policy.  Moscow Beijing and Taipei …….209
       4.3.3. Taiwan’s Hopes in Russia ……………………………………….……………….....212
Chapter V. Putin in Power ………………………………………………….………………..223
5.1. First Steps of the New President …………………………………………………….…….224
        5.1.1. Foreign Policy Concept …………………………………………………….….…...228
         5.1.2. Multivectored Russian Foreign Policy, 2000-2008 ………………………….……232
         5.1.3. Energy as a tool of the Foreign Policy ……………………………………….……240
5.2. Asia as a vector of Russian Foreign Policy …………………………………………..…...242
       5.2.1. Sino-Russian Relations ……………………………………………….……….……242
       5.2.2. Overlapping Aria of Interests - Central Asia ………………………….…….……...250
       5.2.3. Pragmatism in the Pursuit of Multipolarity (SCO) …………………….…………...256
 5.3. Russia - Taiwan interactions under Putin …………………………………………….…..261
        5.3.1. Moscow-Taipei Economic Relations …………………………………..….……….262
         5.3.2. Cross-Strait Tensions as a Threat for Russia ………………………………….…..266
          5.3.3. Cross-Strait Tensions as a Benefit for Russia …………………………………….267
Chapter VI. Medvedev Presidency …………………………………………………………..276
 6.1. First Steps of the New President …………………………………………………….……276
       6.1.1. Foreign Policy Concept ………………………………………………………….….277
        6.1.2. New European Security Architecture ……………………………………………....282
         6.1.3. Moscow-Washington. “Reset” …………………………………………………….289
6.2. Sino-Russian Strategic Partnership …………………………………………………….….290
       6.2.1. Economic Collaboration ……………………………………………………………291
       6.2.2. Military Cooperation ……………………………………………………………..…294
       6.2.3. Energy Cooperation ……………………………………….…………………….…..301
 6.3. Russia - Taiwan interactions under Medvedev ……………………………………..….…307
        6.3.1. Moscow-Taipei Economic Ties ……………………………………………………308
         6.3.2. Culture and Academic Exchange …………………………………………………312
         6.3.3. National Innovative System. ………………………………………………………316
Chapter VII. Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………..335
7.1. Main Summary ……………………………………………………………………….…...336
7.2. Evaluation of theory of Strategic Triangle ………………………………………….…….343
7.3. Future Work ……………………………………………………………………………….358
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………..362

List of Abbreviations
ADB - Asian Development Bank
Am Cham - American Chamber of Commerce 
APEC - Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum
ARATS - Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Strait 
ASEAN - Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASTEP - Agreement between Singapore and Taiwan on Economic Partnership 
BAM - Baikal-Amur Mistral 
CBMs - Confidence Building Measures 
CCP – Chinese Communist Party
CECA - Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement 
CEPA - Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement 
CETRA - China External Trade Development Council 
CFE - Conventional Forces in Europe 
CIS – Commonwealth of Independent States
CPSU - Communist Party of the Soviet Union
CSTO - Collective Security Treaty Organization 
DPP - Democratic Progressive Party
DPRK - Democratic People's Republic of Korea 
ECFA - Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
ESPO – Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline 
EurAsEC - Eurasian Economic Community 
EU – European Union
FDI – Foreign Direct Investments
FEBRAS -Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science 
GDP - Gross domestic product
IIT - Intra-Industry Trade 
ITRI - Industrial Technology Research Institute
ICT - Information and Communications Technology 
KGB - State Security Committee 
KMT - Kuomintang Party 
MAC - Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council 
MOFCOM - Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
PICA - Programme for International Students Assessment
PLA - The People’s Liberation Army
PRC - People’s Republic of China
ROC - Republic of China (Taiwan)
R&D – Research and Development
SEF - Straits Exchange Foundation 
SEZ - Special Economic Zones 
SCO – Shanghai Cooperation Organization
START - Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
TAO - Taiwan Affairs Office 
TASS – The Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union
TPUEICC - Taiwan Provincial Union of Export-Import Chambers of Commerce 
TVEs - Town and Village Enterprises 
UN – United Nations
USSR - The Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics
WTO – World Trade Organization

List of Tables
Table 1.1. IR Theories: Realism, Liberalism and Constructivism. Foreign Policy Aspects….…30
Table 1.2.  The Interpretation of the post-Soviet Russia Foreign Policy…………………….….37
Table 1.3. Four Types of interactions………………………………………………………..…..45
Table 3.1. Trade between Taiwan and China, 1981-2000……………………………………...122 
Table 3.2. Global Trade Dependence among Taiwan, China, and Their Important Trading Partners in 1998……………………………………………………………. . . . . . .……………………124
Table 3.3.Trade Economic Interdependence between Taiwan and China,1987-99 …….….….125
Table 3.4. Macroeconomic Indicator s ……………………………………….……………..…127
Table 3.5. Taiwan Investments in the PRC……………………….…………………………... 130
Table 3.6. Taiwanese investment in China, 1993–2003………………………………………..131
Table 3.7. U.S. Arms Sales to Taiwan Since 1980……………………………………………..134
Table 3.8. The U.S. trade in goods with Taiwan2012………………………………………….140
Table 3.9. Top Five US Trade Outgrowth with Taiwan, 2012…………………………………141
Table 4.1. Foreign Direct Investment to Russia (1992-1999)………………………………….181
Table 4.2. The Volume of the Transfer of Major Conventional Weapons to China by the leading supplier, 1990-1999…………………………………………………………………………….196
Table 4.3.  Russia-China Trade, 1992-1999……………………………………………………198
Table 5.1. China-Russia Trade Volume (2000-2008)…………………………………………..243
Table 5.2. The Sectoral Structure of Russian Imports from the PRC, 2000-2012……………..244
Table 5.3. The Sectoral Structure of Russian Export to China, 2000-2012………………..…..245
Table 5.4. Central Asia Countries oil and gas reserves……………………………………..….251
Table 5.5. The Taiwan’s Trade with Russia (2000-2008)……………………………………...262
Table 6.1. Russia-China Trade Volume, 2008-2012…………………………………………...292
Table 6.2. The Sectoral Structure of Russian Imports from the PRC, 2006-2012….………….292
Table 6.3. The Sectoral Structure of Russian Export to China, 2006-2012……………………293
Table 6.4. The Volume of Chinese Arms Imports from Russia (2005-2012)……………….…295
Table 6.5. Taiwan-Russian Trade. 2008-2012………………………………………………….309
Table 6.6. Distribution of R & D Expenditure by Sector…………………………………....…321
Table 7.1. Russian Understanding of the World and its National Interest…….…………….…336

List of Schemes
Scheme 1.1 Constructivist view on the process of foreign policy………………………….……32
Scheme 3.1. Stable Marriage Pattern………………………………………….………….…….155
Scheme 4.1. The Forbidden Triangle Concept…………………………………………………221
Scheme 4.2. Constructing the Bridge…………………………………………………….…….221
Scheme 5.1. China’s oil production and consumption, 1993-2015…………………..………...248
Scheme 5.2. The Romantic Triangle of Russia-Taiwan-China interactions……………………274
Scheme 7.1. The Romantic Triangle of Russia-Taiwan-China interactions……………….…..345
Scheme 7.2. Strategic Quadrangle…………………………………………………….……….347
Scheme 7.3. Strategic Quadrangle with a Zone of Overlapping Interests……….…….………348
 Scheme 7.4. Complex Strategic Triangle……………………………………………….…….353

List of Graphs
Graph 3.1. Top ten US Processed Food Export Market, 2009 vs 2013………………….…..…139
Graph 4.1. China-Russia Balance of Trade, 1992-1999……………….………………...……..199
Graph 6.1. Top Ten Annual Net Oil Importers, 2013………………………..………..……….301
Graph 6.2. China’s Crude Oil Importer by Source, 2013……………………….…….….…….302
Graph 6.3. China’s Liquefied Natural Gas Import Sources, 2012……………………..………302

List of Maps
Map 2.1. Taiwan Strait…………………………………………………………………………..89
Map 2.2. Taiwan Strait. The Second Crisis………………………………………………..…….96
Map 2.3. The Taiwan Strait. The Third Crisis…………………….……………………………107
Map 4.1. The USSR Territory, 1989………………………………………………………...…177
Map 4.2. The Russian Federation and the Post-Soviet States………..…………………...……178
Map 4.3. The Tumen River Economic Development Area………………...………………..…201
Map 4.4. Two no longer disputed islands………………………………………………………214
Map 5.1. East Siberia Pacific Ocean Oil Pipeline (ESPO)………………….………………….249
Map 5.2. Central Asia States………………………………………………………………...…250
Map 6.1. Turkmenistan-Uzbekistan-Kazakhstan-China Gas Pipeline…………………………306

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Jian, Chen. Mao’s China and the Cold War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Jian, Tianlun. Priority of Privatization in Economic Reforms: China and Taiwan compared with Russia. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Institute for International Development, 1995. 
Jing, Luo, ed. China Today: Encyclopedia of Life in the People’s Republic. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2005.
Joseph, Ferguson, ed. Russian Strategic Thought toward Asia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Kaczmarski, Marcin. Russia-China Relations in the Post-Crisis International Order. New York: Routledge, 2015.
Kamphausen, Roy and Andrew Scobell, ed. Right Sizing the People’s Liberation Army: Exploring the Contours of China’s Military. Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College, 2007.
Keating, Jerome F. Taiwan: The Struggle of a Democracy. Taipei: SMC Publishing Inc., 2006.
Keck, Margaret E. and Kathryn Sikkink. Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Network in International Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998. 
Kemp, Geoffrey. The East Moves West. India, China, and Asia’s Growing Presence in the Middle East. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2010.
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Kuhrt, Natasha. Russian Policy Forwards China and Japan. The El’tsin and Putin Periods. New York: Routledge, 2007. 
______ , ed. Russia and the World: The Internal and External Nexus. New York: Routledge, 2013.
Kuo, Li-min. The PRC's Taiwan Policy; Collected Materials. Volume 2. Taipei: Yungle Publishers, 1992.
Kuo, Shirley W. Y. The Taiwan Economy in Transition. Boulder: Westview Press, 1983.
Kuo, Shirley W. Y., Gustav Ranis, and John C. H. Fei. The Taiwan Success Story: Rapid Growth with Improved Distribution in the People’s Republic of China, 1952-1979. Boulder: Westview Press, 1981.
Lai, Tse-han, Ramon H. Myers, and Wou Wei. A Tragic Beginning: The Taiwan Uprising of February 28, 1947. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991.
Lane, Timothy, Nina Coding, and Paul J.J. Welfens, ed. Real and Financial Dynamics in Russia and Eastern Europe. London: Springer, 2003.
Lasater, Martin L. U.S. Interests in the New Taiwan. Boulder: Westview Press, 1993.
Lasater, Martin L. The Changing of the Guard: President Clinton and the Security of Taiwan. Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.
Legvold, Robert, ed. Russian Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century and the Shadow of the Past. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.
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Lilley, James R., and Chuck Downs, ed. Crisis in the Taiwan Strait. Washington, D.C.: National Defense Press, 1997.
Lilley, James and Jeffrey Lilley, China Hands: Nine Decades of Adventure, Espionage, and Diplomacy in Asia. New York: Public Affairs, 2005.
Lindsay, James M. Congress and the Politics of U.S. Foreign Policy. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.
Lo, Bobo. Vladimir Putin and the Evolution of the Russia Foreign Policy. Blackwell: Chatham House, 2003. 
______ . Axis of Convenience: Moscow, Beijing, and the New Geopolitics. Washington, D.C.: Brookings, 2008.
______ . Russian Foreign Policy in the Post-Soviet Era. Reality, Illusion and Mythmaking. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
______ . Russia, China and the United States: From Strategic Triangularism to the Post-Modern Triangle. Paris: Institute Français des Relations Internationales, 2004.
Lo, Bobo and Lilia Shevtsova, A 21st Century Myth – Authoritarian Modernization in Russia and China. Moscow: Carnegie Moscow Center, 2012.
Logue, John, Sergey Plekhanov, and John Simmons, ed. Transforming Russian Enterprises. From State Control to Employee Ownship. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1995.
Lukin, Alexander. The Bear Watches the Dragon: Russia’s Perceptions of China and the Evolution of Russian-Chinese Relations since the Eighteenth Century. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2003.
Mann, James. About Face: A History of America’s Curious Relationship with China, from Nixon to Clinton. New York: Vintage Books 2000.
Marketos, Thrassy N. China’s Energy Geopolitics. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Central Asia. New York: Routledge, 2009.
Marolda, Edward J. Ready Seapower. A History of the US Seventh Fleet. MacArthur's Navy, Korean War, Arabian Gulf to Mount Pinatubo, Terrorists and Pirates.  Washington D.C.: Progressive Management, 2012.
Matsumoto, Haruka. Taiwan Strait Crises and Chiang Kai-shek’s Strategic thinking: A Perspective from the Taiwan’ Archive. Sapporo: Slavic Research Center,  Hokkaido University Press,  2011.
McCormick, Barrett L. and Edward Friedman, ed. What if China Doesn’t Democratize? Implications for War and Peace. Armonk, N. Y.: M.E.Sharpe, 2000.
Meisner, Maurice. Mao’s China and After. A History of the People’s Republic. 3rd edition. New York: The Free Press, 1999.
Miller, Lyman Alice and Richard Wich. Becoming Asia. Change and Continuity in Asian International Relations Since World War II. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2011.
Millar, James R., ed. Politics, Work, and Daily Life in the USSR. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 
Minchella, Tina D. Adopting in Post-Soviet Russia: Nationalism and the Re-invention of the “Russian Family.” Princeton: Princeton  University Press, 2008.
Moshes, Arkady and Matti Nojonen, ed. Russia-China Relations. Current State, Alternative Futures, and Implications for the West. Helsinki: The Finnish Institute of International Affair, 2013.
Murray, Rubinstein A., ed.  Taiwan: A New History.  Armork, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007. 
Myers, James T. and Bih-jaw, ed. Contemporary China and the Changing International Community. South Carolina: University of the South Carolina Press, 1994.
Nadkarni, Vidya. Strategic Partnership in Asia: Balancing Without Alliances. New York: Routledge, 2010.
Nye, Joseph S., Kurt Biedenkopf and Motoo Shiina. Global Cooperation after the Cold War: A Reassessment of Trilateralism. New York: Trilateral Commission, 1991.
Nygren, Bertil. Putin’s Foreign Policy Towards the CIS Countries. New York: Routledge, 2008.
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Ohmae, Kenichi. The borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy. New York: Harper Perennial, 1991.
Olcott, Martha Brill. Central Asia’s Second Chance. Washington D.C.: The Brooking Institution Press, 2005. 
Orttung, Robert, Jeronim Perovic, Heiko Pleines, Hans-Henning Schröder, ed. Russia's Foreign Policy: Key Regions and Issues. Bremen: Research Centre for East European Studies, 2007.
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Pachura, Piotr, ed. New Knowledge in a New Era of Globalization. Croatia: InTech, 2011.
Paik, Keun – Wook. Sino-Russian Oil and Gas Cooperation: The Reality and Implications. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
Poston, Dudley, ed. The Chinese Triangle of Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong: Comparative Institutional Analyses. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2001.
Pu, Bao, Renee Chiang, and Adi Ignatius, trans and ed. Prisoner of State: The Secret Journal of Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2009.
Richardson, Sophie. China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.
Rigger, Shelley. From Opposition to Power: Taiwan’s Democratic Progressive Party. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2001.
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Sergounin, Alexander A. and Sergey V. Subbotin. Russian Arms Transferred to East Asia in the 1990s. Stockholm: Oxford University Press, 1999. 
Simon, Sheldon W., ed. East Asian Security in the Post-Cold War Era. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E.Sharpe, 1993.
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Sheng, Lijun, China’s Dilemma. The Taiwan Issue. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asia Studies, 2001.
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Trenin, Dmitry, Huasheng Zhao and Eugene B. Rumer. Central Asia: Views from Washington, Moscow, and Beijing. New York: Routledge, 2007.
Tsai, Caroline Hui-yu. Taiwan in Japan’s Empire Building: An Institutional Approach to Colonial Engineering. London: Routledge, 2009.
Tsai, Wen-hui. In Making China Modernized: Comparative Modernization Between Mainland China and Taiwan. Baltimore: University of Maryland School of Law, 1993.
Tsang, Steve. The Cold War's Odd Couple: The Unintended Partnership Between the Republic of China and the UK, 1950–58. UK: I. B. Tauris, 2006.
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Tubilewicz, Czeslaw. Taiwan and Post-Communist Europe: Shopping for Allies. London: Routledge, 2007.
______ . Taiwan and the Soviet Bloc, 1949-1991. Baltimore: University of Maryland, 2005.
Tung, Chen-yuan. Cross-Strait Relations in the Era of Globalization. China’s Leverage and Taiwan’s Vulnerability. Morrisville, N.C.: Lulu Enterprises, 2007.
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Wallander, Celeste A. The Sources of Russian Foreign Policy after the Cold War. Bounder, CO: Westview Press, 1996.
Wang, Mei-ling. The Dust That Never Settles: the Taiwan Independence Campaign and U.S.-China Relations. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2002.
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Weitz, Richard. China-Russia Security relations: Strategic Parallelism Without Partnership of Passion? Pennsylvania: University of California Libraries, 2008.
Wendt, Alexander. Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 
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Wight, Martin. System of States. London: Leicester Press, 1977.
White, Hugh. The China Choice. Why We Should Share Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
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Wilson, Jeanne. Strategic Partners: Russian-Chinese Relations in the Post-Soviet Era. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2004.
Wishnick, Elizabeth. Mending Fences: The Evolution of Moscow’s China Policy from Brezhnev to Yeltsin. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001. 
Wishnick, Elizabeth. Russia, China, and the United States in Central Asia: Prospects for Great Power Competition and Cooperation in the Shadow of the Georgian Crisis. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute Press, 2009. 
Wright, Tim. Coal Mining in China’s Economy and Society, 1895-1937. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
Wong, Yiu-chung. From Deng Xiao Ping to Jiang Zemin. Two Decades of Political Reforms in the People’s Republic of China. Maryland: University Press of America, 2005.
Womack, Brantley. China and Vietnam. The Politics of Asymmetry. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Wu, Ai-chen.  China and the Soviet Union: A Study of Sino-Soviet Relations. New York: Kennikat Press, 1967.
Wu, Joseph Jaushieh. Taiwan’s Democratization: Forces Behind the New Momentum. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Yahuda, Michael. The International Politics of the Asia-Pacific, 1945-1995. New York: Routledge, 2005.  
Yang, Maysing H., ed. Taiwan’s Expanding Role in the International Arena. Armonk, N. Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 1997.
Yee, Herbert S., ed. China’s Rise – Threat or Opportunity? New York: Routledge, 2011.
Yu, Peter Chien-hong. International Governance and Regimes. A Chinese Perspective. New York: Routledge, 2012.
Yu, Tsong-shian. The Story of Taiwan: Economy. Taipei: Government Printing Office, 2001.
Zeigler, Charles E. Foreign Policy and East Asia. Learning and Adaptation in the Gorbachev Era. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Zhao, Suisheng, ed. Across the Taiwan Strait: Mainland China, Taiwan and the 1995–96 Crisis. New York: Routledge 1999.
Zhang, Wei-bin. Taiwan’s Modernization. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2003. 
Zubov, Vladislav and Constantin Pleshakov. Inside the Kremlin's Cold War: From Stalin to Khrushchev. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996.

RUSSIAN BOOKS
Bogdanov Ya.. I. and A. P. Kalinin, Korrupziya v Rossii: Social’no-economicheskie I Pravovie Aspecty [Corruption in Russia: Socio-Economic and Legal Aspects]. Moscow: Institute of Social-Political Research, RAS, 2001.
Gorbachev, Mikhail. Zhizn i reformy, kniga II, [Life and the reforms, The Second Volume]. Moscow: Novosti, 1995.
Ostrovskiy, Andrey V. Taiwan V Politike Rossii [The Role of Taiwan in the Russian Politics]. Moscow: Institut Dal’nige Vostoka, 1996. 
Rogozin, Dmitry. Yastreby Mira: Dnevnik Russkogo Posla [Hawks of Peace: Diaries of the Russian Ambassador]. Moscow: Al’pina, non-fiction, 2010.
Yeltsin, Boris Presidentskiy Marafon: Razmyshleniya, Vospominaniya, Vpechatleniya [Boris Yeltsin, Presidential Marathon: Thoughts, Memories, and Impressions]. Moscow: Rossijskaya Politicheskaya Enciklopediya, 2008.

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OFFICIAL STATEMENTS
The Russian Federation
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Vladimir Putin, Address to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, “The State of Russia: A Path Toward an Effective State,” July 8, 2000. Moscow, Kremlin. Available at: http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2000/07/08/0000_type70029type82912_70658.shtml (accessed March 21, 2015).
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Vladimir Putin, Speech at a State Duma Meeting to Consider the Ratification of the Treaty Between Russia and the United States on the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (START-2) and Documents Relating to the May 26, 1972 Treaty Between the USSR and the US on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missiles. Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://eng.kremlin.ru/transcripts/8557 (accessed March 22, 2015).
Joint Statement on New U.S.-Russian Relationship, November 13, 2001. Official Website of the President of Russia. Available at:  http://eng.news.kremlin.ru/ref_notes/308   (accessed March 22, 2015).
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Dmitry Medvedev, Speech at Inauguration Ceremony as President of Russia, Statements on Major Issues, May 7, 2008. Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2008/05/07/1521_type82912type127286_200295.shtml (accessed March 25, 2015).
The Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation. Approved on July 12, 2008 by Dmitry Medvedev. Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Available at: http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/text/docs/2008/07/204750.shtml (accessed March 25, 2015).
Dmitry Medvedev, Speech at Meeting with German Political, Parliamentary and Civic Leaders, June 5, 2008. Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Statements on Major Issue Archive. Available at: http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2008/06/05/2203_type82912type82914type84779_202153.shtml (accessed March 25, 2015).
The draft of the European Security Treaty. November 29, 2009. Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Archive.  Available at: http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/6152 (accessed March 25, 2015).
Dmitry Medvedev’s Speech at World Policy Conference, October 8, 2008. Evian, France. The Official Web Site of the President of the Russian Federation. Archive. Available at: http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2008/10/08/2159_type82912type82914_207457.shtml (accessed March 25, 2015).
Transcript of Remarks and Response to Media Questions by Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov Following Talks with Greek Prime Minister and Foreign Minister George Papandreou, Athens, December 2, 2009. The Official Web Site of the Ministry of the Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.  Available at: http://mid.ru/bdomp/brp_4.nsf/e78a48070f128a7b43256999005bcbb3/46159cc398db6d4dc32576820025547e!OpenDocument (accessed March 25, 2015).
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The PRC
Authoritative text.  Break the Nuclear Monopoly: Eliminate Nuclear Weapons (Peking: Foreign Language Press, 1965).
 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. China and Russia. Available at: http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjb/zzjg/dozys/gjlb/3220/t16725.htm (accessed September 2013).
China Organization. Speeches and Documents. “The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue.” Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/taiwan/7956.htm (accessed December 12, 2014).
Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the People’s Republic of China and the United States of America. December 16, 1978. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/communique02.htm (accessed November 13, 2013).
Full Text of Jiang Zemin's Report at 14th Party Congress October 12, 1992, Beijing Review, March 29, 2011. Available at: http://www.bjreview.com.cn/document/txt/2011-03/29/content_363504.htm (accessed December 12, 2014).
The Third Plenum of Eleventh CPC Central Committee (Dec. 1978). Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/china/CPC_90_anniversary/2011-06/01/content_22694375.htm (accessed December 25, 2014).
The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, Preamble.  Available at: http://www.npc.gov.cn/englishnpc/Constitution/node_2825.htm (accessed December 25, 2014).
Article 1 of the Circular of the General Office of the State Council on the Measures for Receiving Compatriots from Taiwan Coming to the Mainland to Visit their Relatives or as Tourists, 1987 (PRC). Available at: http://www.asianlii.org/cn/legis/cen/laws/cotgootscctmfrcftwcttmotmtvtr1616/ (accessed December 2, 2014).
Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Joint Ventures. Adopted by the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress on March 15, 2001. Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/investment/36752.htm (accessed December 29, 2014).
Deng Xiaoping, Excerpts from Talks Given in Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shanghai, January 18th to February 21st 1992.  Available at: http://www.olemiss.edu/courses/pol324/dengxp92.htm (accessed December 25, 2014).
Full Text: Report of Hu Jintao to the 18th CPC National Congress, November 16, 2012. Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/china/18th_cpc_congress/2012-11/16/content_27137540.htm (accessed December 1, 2014).
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of China. China Entered Diplomatic Relations with Independent Former Soviet Union Republics. Available at: http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/ziliao_665539/3602_665543/3604_665547/t18019.shtml (accessed January 13, 2015).
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The United States
US Department of State. Office of the Historian, “Milestone: 1953-1960. Bandung Conference (Asian-African Conference), 1955. ” Available at: https://history.state.gov/milestones/1953-1960/bandung-conf (accessed December 10, 2014).
Statement by the Secretary of State, September 4, 1958” in Harriet Dashiell Schwar, ed., Foreign relations of the United States 1958-1960, Vol. XIX, p. 135. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgibin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=turn&entity=FRUS.FRUS195860v19.p0167&id=FRUS.FRUS195860v19&isize=M (accessed December 10, 2014).
Wayne M. Morrison , CRS Report for Congress, Taiwan’s Accession to the WTO and its Economic Relations with the United States and China, May 16, 2003. Available at:  http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/23370.pdf (accessed December 2, 2014).
US Department of State, 2013 Investment Climate Statement-Taiwan, February 2013. Available at: http://www.state.gov/e/eb/rls/othr/ics/2013/204742.htm (accessed December 3, 2014).
Robert D. Shuey, Shirley A. Kan, and Mark Christofferson, Missile Defense Options for Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan: A Review of the Defense Department Report to Congress, Congressial Research Service, November 30, 1999. Available at: http://congressionalresearch.com/RL30379/document.php?study=MISSILE+DEFENSE+OPTIONS+FOR+JAPAN+SOUTH+KOREA+AND+TAIWAN+A+REVIEW+OF+THE+DEFENSE+DEPARTMENT+REPORT+TO+CONGRESS (accessed December 14, 2014).
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Available at: http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_52044.htm (accessed March 21, 2015).
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Proposed resolution to authorize military action against Iraq, UN Resolutions. March 7, 2003. Iraq Analysis Organization. Available at: http://www.iraqanalysis.org/info/343 (accessed March 25, 2015).



Taiwan
Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council PRC. Historical Facts About 'One-China' Consensus: Article. Available at: http://www.gwytb.gov.cn/en/Special/OneChinaPrinciple/201103/t20110317_1790090.htm (accessed December 12, 2014).
Mainland Affairs Council, Relations Across the Taiwan Strait, (Taipei: Mainland Affairs Council, June 1994). Available at: http://www.mac.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=68128&CtNode=6619&mp=3 (accessed December 14, 2014).
Mainland Affairs Council, Guidelines for National Unification, (Taipei: Mainland Affairs Council, March 14, 1991). Available at: http://www.mac.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=68107&ctNode=5910&mp=3&xq_xCat=1991 (accessed December 14, 2014).
Taiwan Document Project. Shanghai Communiqué, February 28, 1972. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/communique01.htm (accessed December 12, 2014).
Taiwan Document Project. Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations, January 1, 1979. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/communique02.htm (accessed December 12, 2014). 
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Mainland Affairs Council, “Table 7 Taiwan Investment in Mainland China,” Cross-Strait Economic Statistics Monthly, No. 245 (September 26, 2013). Available at: http://www.mac.gov.tw/public/Attachment/392610552343.pdf (accessed December 29, 2014).
Ministry of the Foreign Affairs, Taiwan. Government Information Office. Policy Statement on Ractopamine Issues. March 8, 2012. Available at: https://www.usmef.org/taiwans-ractopamine-policy-discussed-as-possible-tpp-barrier/ (accessed December 14, 2014).
Government responses to Codex’s ractopamine decision, May 7, 2012. Available at: http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/News_Content.aspx?n=1C6028CA080A27B3&sms=E0588283EFAA02AD&s=8A6015F0FE573AF2 (accessed December 14, 2014).

Japan
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan. Press Conference by the Press Secretary 26 March 1996. Available at: http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/press/1996/3/326.html (accessed December 13, 2014).

STATISTICAL DATA SOURCES
The Russian Federation
Russian Foreign Direct Investments. Russian Federal Customs Service. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b10_13/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d5/23-23.htm (accessed March 21, 2015).
Documents of the Sino-Soviet split. The “Great Debate”. Available at: http://www.marxists.org/history/international/comintern/sino-soviet-split/index.htm (accessed November 13, 2013).
EURussia Center.  Available at: http://eu-russiacentre.ru/eu/critical-milestones (accessed March 25, 2015). See also European Parliament resolution of 12 November 2009 on the preparations for the EU-Russia Summit in Stockholm on 18 November 2009. Available at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2009-0064&language=EN (accessed March 25, 2015).
Yeltsin Centre. Available at: http://www.yeltsincenter.ru/ (accessed March 28, 2015).
Presidential Library named after Boris Yeltsin. The Convention of Peking of 1860 is concluded. Available at: http://www.prlib.ru/en-us/History/Pages/Item.aspx?itemid=1162 (accessed May 2014).
Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises in the Scientific and Technical Sphere. Official Web Site. Available at: http://innovation.gov.ru/node/3489 (accessed April 16, 2015).


The PRC
Statistical China Year Book 2012. Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Republic of China. October 2013. Available at:  http://ebook.dgbas.gov.tw/public/Data/3117141132EDNZ45LR.pdf  (accessed January 1, 2015).
Investment Commission, MOEA, Taiwan. Table 11. Permitted Mainland China Investment to Taiwan. Available at: http://www.mac.gov.tw/public/Attachment/322015432390.pdf (accessed January 1, 2015).
Ministry of Commerce. Republic of China. Statistics of Mainland-China Trade and Investment. Available at: http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/statistic/lanmubb/hkmacaotaiwan/201410/20141000779599.shtml (accessed November 27, 2014).

The United States
Freedom House. Available at: https://freedomhouse.org/country/taiwan#.VG6xa4usWLV  (accessed November 12, 2014).
U.S. State Department, Bureau of Intelligence and Research: Intelligence Note, “USSR/China: Soviet and Chinese Forces Clash on the Ussuri River,” 4 March 1969, Secret/No Fireign Dissemination/Controlled Dissemination. Source: National Archives, Record Group 59, Department of State Records, Subject-Numeric Files 1967-69 [hereiafter cited as SN 67-69, with file location], Pol 32-1 Chicom-USSR. Available at: http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB49/sino.sov.1.pdf (accessed November 13, 2013).
Central Intelligence Agency, Directorate of Intelligence, “Weekly Review,” 21 March 1969, Top Secret Umbra, No Foreign Dissem, excised copy. Source: CIA Freedom of Information release to National Security Archive. Available at: http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB49/sino.sov.2.pdf (accessed November 13, 2013).
State Department cable 143579 to Mission to NATO, 25 August 1969, Secret, Limbis. Source: National Archives, SN 67-69, Pol Chicom-USSR. Available at:  http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB49/sino.sov.12.pdf (accessed November 13, 2013).
House Joint Resolution 159 (84th Congress, 1st Session), January 29, 1995, U.S. Department of State, American Foreign Policy, 1950-1955 Basic Documents, vol.1/2, (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1957),2486-2487. Available at: http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/House_Calendar_84th_Congress.pdf (accessed December 10, 2014).
International Monetary Fund. A Guide To Committees, Groups, And Clubs. Factsheet. Available at: http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/groups.htm (accessed March 12, 2015).
US Energy Information Administration. Independent Statistics and Analysis. Available at: http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=ch (accessed March 27, 2015).

Taiwan
Taiwan Documents Project. Treaty of Shimonoseki. April 17, 1895. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/shimonoseki01.htm (accessed December 5, 2014).
Taiwan Documents Project. Treaty of Peace Between the Republic of China and Japan, April 28, 1952. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/taipei01.htm (accessed December 5, 2014).
Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of China,” Article IV. Available at Taiwan Documents Project:  http://www.taiwandocuments.org/mutual01.htm (accessed December 6, 2014).
“Taiwan President Lee Teng-hui's “Six Point” Response,” April 8, 1995.  CSR Report for Congress, redistributed as a service for the National Library for the Environment. RL30341: China/Taiwan: Evolution of the “One China” Policy - Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei. Available at: http://csis.org/files/media/csis/programs/taiwan/timeline/sums/timeline_docs/CSI_19950408.htm (accessed December 12, 2014).
Economy of Taiwan. Ereport. Official Web Site. Available at: http://www.ereport.ru/stat.php?razdel=country&count=taiwan (accessed November 10, 2014). 

“Straits Exchange Foundation Members Pack For Eight-Day Working Journey To Mainland,” Taiwan Info, April 25, 1991. Available at: http://taiwaninfo.nat.gov.tw/fp.asp?xItem=11617&CtNode=103 (accessed December 12, 2014).
Taiwan Documents Project. PRC White Paper-The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue. August 31, 1993. Available at: http://www.taiwandocuments.org/white.htm (accessed December 12, 2014.
Ministry of Finance, ROC. Foreign Trade Statistics. Available at: http://www.mof.gov.tw/engweb/ct.asp?xItem=60197&CtNode=2284&mp=2 (accessed December 3, 2014).
American Institute in Taiwan, Taiwan Economic and Political Background Note, February 8, 2012.Available at: http://www.ait.org.tw/en/tw-economic-political-background-note.html (accessed December 3, 2014.
Taiwan Statistical Data book 2012. Council for Economic Planning and Development, Executive Yuan, ROC (Taiwan). Available at: http://www.ndc.gov.tw/dn.aspx?uid=11687  (accessed January 1, 2015).
Taiwan Ministry of Economics. Bureau of Foreign Trade. ROC export/import by country – the US.2000-2012. Available at: http://cus93.trade.gov.tw/ENGLISH/FSCE/ (accessed December 13, 2014).
Customs Administration of the Ministry of Finance, ROC. Trade Statistic Research. Available at: https://portal.sw.nat.gov.tw/APGA/GA03E_LIST (accessed March 28, 2015).
Trading Economics. Taiwan Available at: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/taiwan/gdp (accessed April 16, 2015).
“White Paper on Science and Technology. Visions and Strategies for the Development of Science and Technology (2003 － 2006),” National Science Council Republic of China. Available at: http://www.most.gov.tw/public/data/47141051171.pdf (accessed April 15, 2015).
Industrial Technology Research Institute. ITRI Official Web Site. Available at: https://www.itri.org.tw/eng/Content/Messagess/contents.aspx?SiteID=1&MmmID=617731521661672477 (accessed April 16, 2015).





ARCHIVES
FRUS
U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS) 1952-54, vol. XIV chapter 1, September 4, 1954.563-564. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v14p1&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=563 (accessed December 13, 2014).
The Foreign Relations of the United States 1952-54. China and Japan (in two parts) vol. XIV (1), p. 613-624. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgibin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v14p1&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=613 (accessed December 10, 2014).

The Foreign Relations of the United States 1952-54. China and Japan (in two parts) vol. XIV (1), p. 613-624. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgibin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v14p1&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=613 (accessed December 10, 2014).
The Foreign Relations of the United States 1955-57. China. Vol. II, pp.99-104. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgibin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195557v02&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=99 (accessed December 10, 2014).

“United States national security policy: U.S. objectives and programs for national security; estimates of threats to the national security; military posture and foreign policy; organization for national security” The Foreign Relations of the United States 1952-54. National security affairs (in two parts). (January 12, 1954), 609. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUSidx?type=turn&id=FRUS.FRUS195254v02p1&entity=FRUS.FRUS195254v02p1.p0639&q1=january%2012,%201954 (accessed December 11, 2014).
The United States International Trade Commission Data Web. U.S. Trade by Geographic Region. Annual U.S. merchandise trade balance, selected partners in Asia. Available at: http://dataweb.usitc.gov/scripts/Regions.asp (accessed December 13, 2014).

US Department of State. Office of the Historian. “Telegram from the Embassy in the Soviet Union to the Department of State, September 7, 1958, 9 pm,” Available at: http://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1958-60v19/d74 (accessed December 10, 2014). See also United States Department of State. Foreign relations of the United States, 1958-1960. China. vol XIX, p.151. Available at: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=goto&id=FRUS.FRUS195860v19&isize=M&submit=Go+to+page&page=151 (accessed December 10, 2014).

Wilson Archive
Wilson Centre Digital Archive, International History Declassified. Available at: http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/ (accessed March 25, 2015).
The Foreign Relations of the United States Archive. Available at: http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/FRUS (accessed March 25, 2015).
Wilson Center, Digital Archive. Cold War International History Project (CWIHP). Sino-Soviet Conflict, 1969. Source:A.N.I.C., fond RCPCC-External Relations Division, file 72/1969, f.31-34. Published in Relatiile Romano-Chineze, 1880-1974 [Sino-Romanian Relations, 1880-1974], edited by loan Romulus Budura, (Bucharest, 2005), 943-959. Translated for CWIHP by Madalina Cristoloveanu. Available at: http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117760 (accessed November 13, 2013).
Wilson Center, Digital Archive. Cold War International History Project (CWIHP). Sino-Soviet Conflict, 1969. Source: SAMPO-BArch J IV 2/202/359. Translated by Mark H. Doctoroff. Available at: http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/116973 (accessed November 13, 2013).
“Letter, Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the Chinese Communist Party, on the Soviet Union's Readiness to Provide Assistance to China in the Event of an Attack,” September 27, 1958, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Information and Documentation Administration, First Far Eastern Department, USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Sbornik dokumentov SSSR-KNR (1949-1983) [USSR-PRC Relations (1949-83)], Documents and Materials, Part I (1949-1963) (Moscow: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1985; internal use only, copy no. 148), 231-33. Obtained by Vladislav M. Zubok and translated by Mark H. Doctoroff. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117028 (accessed December 6, 2014).
“Letter, Mao Zedong to Peng Dehuai and Huang Kecheng,” July 27, 1958, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Zhonggong zhongyang wenxian yanjiushi, ed., Jianguo yilai Mao Zedong wengao (Mao Zedong’s Manuscripts since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China), vol. 7 (Beijing: Zhongyang wenxian chubanshe, 1992), 326-327. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117011 (accessed December 6, 2014).
“Memoir by Wu Lengxi, 'Inside Story of the Decision Making during the Shelling of Jinmen' ,” August 23, 1958, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Zhuanji wenxue (Biographical Literature, Beijing, 1994):1, 5-11 http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117009 (accessed December 10, 2014).
“Excerpts from the Meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping,” May 16, 1989, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Volume III (1982-1992) (Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1994), 284-287. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119289 (accessed January 9, 2015).
“Excerpts from the Conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and Rajiv Gandhi,” July 15, 1989, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Archive of the Gorbachev Foundation. Assembled from two (incomplete) copies, one available at the National Security Archive; the other kindly provided to the author by Svetlana Savranskaya, and one (incomplete) copy published by the Gorbachev Foundation in Mikhail Gorbachev, Sobranie Sochinenii, Vol. 15 (Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2010),. 255-264. Translated by Sergey Radchenko http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119291 (accessed January 9, 2015).
“Excerpt of a Politburo Meeting,” October 04, 1989, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Archive of the Gorbachev Foundation. Obtained by Pavel Stroilov and translated by Sergey Radchenko. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/119293  (accessed January 9, 2015).
Polpred Archive
“November 28, 2009. Russian Club Meeting,” Polpred, November 28, 2009. Available at: http://polpred.com/?ns=1&ns_id=189459 (accessed March 28, 2015). 
“Celebrating Russian Independence Day in Taipei,” Polpred, June 13, 2012. Available at: http://polpred.com/?ns=1&ns_id=578009 (accessed March 28, 2015).
“National Russian and Taiwan Libraries signed the cooperation agreement,” Polpred, August 30, 2011. Available at: http://polpred.com/?ns=1&ns_id=393611 (accessed March 29, 2015).
“The Russian Alumni Association of Taiwanese Universities,” Polpred, July 29, 2011. Available at: http://polpred.com/?ns=1&ns_id=380118 (accessed March 29, 2015).