全球性的生態危機無庸置疑已是當今人類所面臨最急待解決的問題之一，透過近幾十年來各方的觀察與研究結果，在在顯示出人類長期以來偏狹的思考與生存方式即為重傷地球生態的罪魁禍首，因此欲解除生態危機，人類除了設法改變其危害地球生態之生活習慣，根本之道還是必須在思想上進行改革，推翻原本對於整體自然、人類自身以及自然與人類關係的偏狹認知，尋求理性與靈性兼具的整合觀點，重新理解自然與自我，重建人類與環境的連結。本論文首章透過介紹當代超個人心理學家肯‧威爾伯所提出的整合理論，藉以找出人類與自然間失落的環節：人類與地球疏離的種種原因，以及人類對地球、對自己、對與地球的關係上存在怎樣決定性的誤解，而造成人類與環境的疏離，進而引發生態危機；第二章藉由閱讀三部描寫現代人類生存處境的小說：赫爾曼‧梅爾維爾的“巴托比”、瑪麗‧雪萊的《科學怪人》與瑪格麗特‧愛特伍的《末世男女》，企圖勾勒出現代世界的荒原景象、現代人內心的孤獨、無目的感和與自然關係斷絕後所產生的各種不適症和自毀行為；第三章透過閱讀安妮‧迪勒的《現世》和厄尼斯特‧柯茲與凱薩琳‧凱遜的《誰能寫出玫瑰的味道：不完美‧癮‧靈性的自我關照》設法提出重新建立與自然的平衡關係的方法以及重回自然懷抱的途徑。

There is no denying that the global ecological crisis is the most serious of all the pressing questions we are facing today. Through the studies for the ecological problems, the fact becomes quite apparent that the ecological problems are caused mainly by human beings’ aggressively persistent and biased ways of thinking and living. Therefore, in order to ease the ecological crisis, we have to overthrow the biased ways of thinking and living, and search for a more holistic viewpoint to understand the Earth, ourselves, and the relationship between human beings and the Earth. In Chapter One of this thesis, I would introduce Ken Wilber’s theory of everything and attempt to find out the missing links between human beings and the Earth. Through studying Wilber’s theory, I would try to demonstrate how human beings gradually become disconnected with Nature and how human beings misunderstand their relationship with Nature, and thus cause the ecological crisis. In Chapter Two, I would study three works of literature—Herman Melville’s “Bartleby, the Scrivener,” Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, the Modern Prometheus, and Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake—in order to demonstrate how the highly-biased and narrow-sighted worldview of modern world corrupts and twists human mind and soul, and thus jeopardize the life of modern people and of future generations. In Chapter Three, I would like to conclude my thesis with Annie Dillard’s opinions, especially in For the Time Being, about the relationships between men and “God,” which can be regarded as a synonym of spirituality. To deepen our awareness of the relationships between us and spirituality, I would study Earnest Kurtz and Katherine Ketcham’s The Spirituality of Imperfection, to demonstrate why modern people need to reach for spirituality and how they can do it.

Table of Contents
Introduction .............................................................................................................1
Chapter One
The Missing Links between Human Beings and the Earth …………… 8
The Archcriminals of the Ecological Disasters .....................................................9
Some Prevailing Values in the Modern World ....................................................10
Dangerous Concepts and Values of the Modern World ......................................13
Wilber’s Theories of Everything .........................................................................18
Dignity and problems of modernity ....................................................................22
Nature inside of Human beings ...........................................................................24
Chapter Two
The Modern World as a Wasteland ……………………………..………….27
Wasteland Scenes in the Modern World .............................................................28
Walking Dead, Ghost, and Wanderer on the Wasteland ......................................36
Journey of Self-Destruction ................................................................................47
Chapter Three
Stay in the Embrace of the Kosmos: inspirations from Annie Dillard ...………………………………………………………………………..…..54
From here we begin ............................................................................................59
An infant .............................................................................................................61
Humanity and Spirituality ...................................................................................64
Conclusion ..............................................................................................................70
Works Cited ...........................................................................................................72

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