藉由微加工技術，近年來使用各種微裝置之微化工程序技術已獲得快速的發展。微裝置因其微小尺寸，可提供許多優異熱質傳特性，但也因為許多尺度效性與裝置配置特性，無法使用傳統尺寸裝置之理論或關聯式描述其傳輸特性。針對廣為使用之板翅式微通道裝置，本論文利用實驗設計與計算流體力學模擬，完成了傳輸係數分析，並建立了摩擦因子、熱傳係數與質傳係數關聯式，且與文獻關聯式進行比較，結果顯示有相當程度之差異。本論文並進一步利用所建立之關聯式，使用基因演算法，針對單一相態之微熱交換器及甲醇微反應器完成了多目標最佳化分析。就單一相態微熱交換器，考量摩擦因子及熱傳係數之雙目標函數，就甲醇微反應器則另考量了質傳係數。最佳化分析結果提供了裝置參數之設計方向。

Due to its small dimensions, micro devices provide many excellent heat and mass transfer characteristics. On the other hand, due to many scaling effects and particular device configurations, conventional theoretical equations or correlations of transfer characteristics are not applicable to micro devices. In this study, for the widely employed plate-fin type micro devices in single-phase flow applications, the transfer coefficients are systematically studied by computational fluid dynamics simulation. Air and liquid water are adopted for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis. The gaseous mixture of methanol and steam is used for mass transfer analysis. The flow is limited in laminar region. Correlations are obtained for friction factor, Nusselt number and Sherwood number in terms of fluid flow conditions, fluid properties and device parameters. With respect to transfer coefficients, the comparisons indicate that the major benefit of micro plate-fin devices is on the heat transfer. These correlations are useful to the analysis and design of plate-fin micro devices. In this study, using these correlations and applying the genetic algorithm, multiobjective optimization analysis are accomplished for heat exchanger and reactor applications. The multiple objective functions considered include the friction factor, Nusselt number and Sherwood number. The analysis provides multiple solutions with trade-off relations and reveals the optimal values of decision variables.

中文摘要	I
英文摘要	II
目錄	III
圖目錄	VI
表目錄	IX
第一章 緒論	1
1.1	前言	1
1.2	研究動機與方法	8
1.3	論文組織與架構	10
第二章 文獻回顧	11
2.1	微裝置之傳輸係數	11
2.2	微裝置之最佳化	15
第三章 計算流體力學模式之建立	20
3.1	系統配置與網格建立	20
3.2	理論模式	26
3.2.1	基本統制方程式	26
3.2.2	物理與輸送性質模式	28
3.3	數值方法	31
3.3.1	離散方法	31
3.3.2	速度-壓力耦合方法	32
3.3.3	收斂準則與疊代參數	32
第四章 板翅式微裝置之計算流體力學模擬	34
4.1	摩擦因子	34
4.1.1	實驗設計	35
4.1.2	基本個案特性分析	40
4.1.3	個案模擬結果	45
4.1.4	關聯式迴歸與比較	51
4.2	熱傳係數	57
4.2.1	實驗設計	58
4.2.2	基本個案特性分析	62
4.2.3	個案模擬結果	68
4.2.4	關聯式迴歸與比較	72
4.3	質傳係數	77
4.3.1	實驗設計	78
4.3.2	基本個案特性分析	81
4.3.3	個案模擬結果	85
4.3.4	關聯式迴歸與比較	88
第五章 板翅式微裝置最佳化	91
5.1	最佳化問題定義	91
5.2	基因演算法	93
5.3	微熱交換器最佳化結果	97
5.4	微反應器最佳化結果	123
第六章 結論	132
符號說明	134
參考文獻	138


 
圖目錄
圖1.1 整合式微反應/熱交換器(MRHE)	5
圖1.2 應用整合式微裝置之微燃料處理系統	5
圖1.3 板翅式微裝置	5
圖1.4 整合式最佳化系統	8
圖3.1 板翅型微裝置配置與頂底板	20
圖3.2 通道寬度方向之網格無關化分析結果	22
圖3.3 通道高度方向之網格無關化分析結果	22
圖3.4 通道長度方向之網格無關化分析結果	23
圖3.5 歧管區長度方向之網格無關化分析結果	23
圖3.6 通道區網格	25
圖3.7 歧管區網格	25
圖4.1 板翅式微裝置與規格參數	35
圖4.2 B1個案之壓力分佈(Pa)	43
圖4.3 B2個案之壓力分佈(Pa)	43
圖4.4 B1個案之速度分佈(m/s)	44
圖4.5 B2個案之速度分佈(m/s)	44
圖4.6 通道區摩擦因子與雷諾數關係	48
圖4.7 歧管區摩擦因子與雷諾數關係	48
圖4.8 通道區摩擦因子模擬值與迴歸值之比較	50
圖4.9 歧管區摩擦因子模擬值與迴歸值之比較	53
圖4.10 通道區Poiseuille數之模擬值與迴歸值比較	54
圖4.11 歧管區Poiseuille數之模擬值與迴歸值比較	55
圖4.12 摩擦因子迴歸式與文獻關聯式之比較	56
圖4.13 熱傳分析之裝置	57
圖4.14 CWT-BC流體溫度分佈(K)	65
圖4.15 CWHF-BC流體溫度分佈(K)	65
圖4.16 CWT-BC近流體接觸面金屬固體之溫度分佈(K)	66
圖4.17 CWHF-BC近流體接觸面固體之溫度分佈(K)	66
圖4.18 CWT-BC固體外壁熱通量分佈(W/m2)	67
圖4.19 CWHF-BC固體外壁熱通量分佈(W/m2)	67
圖4.20 固定壁溫之Nusselt數模擬值與迴歸值比較	73
圖4.21 固定熱通量之Nusselt數模擬值與迴歸值比較	74
圖4.22 熱傳係數分析迴歸式與文獻關聯式之比較	76
圖4.23 質傳分析之裝置示意圖	77
圖4.24 通道區流體中間層CH3OH質量分率分佈	84
圖4.25 流體界面觸媒層CH3OH質量分率圖	84
圖4.26 觸媒層外壁CH3OH質量分率	85
圖4.27 Sherwood數模擬值與迴歸值比較	89
圖4.28 質傳分析迴歸式與文獻關聯式之比較	90
圖 5.1 NSGA-II演算流程	95
圖5.2 MEX-CWT最佳化之基因演算法參數分析	97
圖5.3 MEX-CWHF最佳化之基因演算法參數分析	98
圖5.4 MEX-CWT最佳解分佈	101
圖5.5 MEX-CWHF最佳解分佈	102
圖5.6 MEX-CWT最佳化目標函數-變數分佈-H2O	115
圖5.7 MEX-CWT最佳化目標函數-變數分佈-Air	117
圖5.8 MEX-CWHF最佳化目標函數-變數分佈-H2O	119
圖5.9 MEX-CWHF最佳化目標函數-變數分佈-Air	121
圖5.10 微反應器最佳化之基因演算法參數分析	123
圖5.11微反應器最佳化最佳解分佈	125
圖5.12 微反應器最佳化之目標函數F1-變數分佈	129
圖5.13 微反應器最佳化之目標函數F2-變數分佈	130
圖5.14 微反應器最佳化之目標函數F3-變數分佈	131
 
表目錄
表2.1 傳輸係數關聯式	14
表2.2 板翅式微反應器最佳化之相關研究	17
表2.3 板翅式微反應器之最佳化設計	19
表3.1 網格無關化分析結果	24
表3.2網格無關化分析個案之網格繪製結果	24
表3.3 物理與輸送性質溫度函數係數	29
表3.4原子與官能基擴散體積增量	30
表3.5 離散方法設定	32
表3.6 鬆弛因子設定	32
表3.7 收斂準則	33
表4.1 流力分析各無因次變數之可變範圍	37
表4.2 流力與熱傳分析之實驗設計規劃結果	37
表4.3 流力與熱傳分析個案條件-無因次變數	38
表4.4 流力與熱傳分析個案條件-實際變數	39
表4.5 流力與熱傳分析個案之截面積與進口速度	40
表4.6 流力模擬邊界條件	41
表4.7 流力分析基本個案裝置與操作條件	42
表4.8 流力分析基本個案模擬之壓降結果	42
表4.9 通道區摩擦因子分析結果	46
表4.10 歧管區摩擦因子分析結果	47
表4.11 分佈均一性分析結果	50
表4.12 通道區摩擦因子迴歸結果	51
表4.13 歧管區摩擦因子迴歸結果	52
表4.14 通道區Poiseuill數與摩擦因子之模擬值與迴歸值的比較  	54
表4.15 歧管區Poiseuill數與摩擦因子之模擬值與迴歸值的比較    	55
表4.16 流力分析之文獻關聯式	56
表4.17 固定壁溫熱傳分析個案之進口速度與溫度設定	59
表4.18 固定壁熱通量熱傳分析個案之進口速度與熱通量設定	60
表4.19 固定壁溫熱傳分析邊界條件設定	62
表4.20 固定壁熱通量熱傳分析邊界條件	62
表4.21 熱傳分析基本個案之條件設定	63
表4.22 CWT熱傳係數分析結果	69
表4.23CWHF熱傳線數分析結果	70
表4.24 CWT熱傳分析迴歸結果	72
表4.25 CWHF熱傳分析回歸結果	74
表4.26 熱傳分析之文獻關聯式	75
表4.27 質傳分析各無因次變數之可變範圍	79
表4.28 質傳分析之實驗設計規劃結果	79
表4.29 質傳分析個案條件-無因次變數	80
表4.30 質傳分析個案條件-實際變數	80
表4.31 質傳分析之濃度、流速與流量設定	81
表4.32 質傳分析邊界條件	81
表4.33 質傳分析基本個案之條件設定	82
表4.34 質傳分析個案之質傳係數	86
表4.35質傳分析迴歸結果	88
表5.1 基因演算法參數分析個案	96
表5.4 MEX-CWT最佳解-H2O	103
表5.5 MEX-CWT最佳解-Air	106
表5.6 MEX-CWHF最佳解-H2O	109
表5.7 MEX-CWHF最佳解-Air	112
表5.8微反應器最佳化解	126

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