外國觀光客及外國勞動者入境台灣人數持續增長同時也帶起了台灣醫療產業在英語能力上的需求。本研究旨在比較護理師與護理實習生在護理職場上工作任務所需之英文的使用頻率，以及英文能力重要性，並進一步探討學習護理英文的動機強弱，以了解何種護理英文課程較可滿足他們實際就業市場的需求。研究方法採問卷調查和深度訪談。問卷調查的對象分兩組，一組是157位具護理學實習經驗的專科護理實習生，另一組則是60位具護理執照的現職護理師。深度訪談則訪問6位護理實習生、9位現職護理師及6位護理英文授課教師。問卷調查結果以統計套裝軟體SPSS for Windows 19.0進行統計分析，並運用描述性統計及One-way ANOVA進行分析探討。
研究結果顯示:
1.在護理職場上，英文閱讀能力的需求最高，其次是聽講能力，而英文寫作能力幾乎不常使用。不過仍以醫學相關詞彙使用居多。
2.護理實習生多希望增進醫學詞彙閱讀能力，然而現職護理師多意於增進能與病患或照護者以英文溝通之口語溝通能力。
3.護理實習生或現職護理師皆提出英文文獻閱讀技巧之學習需求性。
4.現職護理師及護理實習生皆表達出他們對學習護理英文的積極學習動機。
最後，本研究配合半結構式訪談結果提供若干實務意涵與未來相關領域研究上的建議。

The increasing number of international visitors coming to Taiwan for travel and work demonstrates an increasing need of English language in the Taiwanese medical industry to meet the needs of the growing population of international visitors. This study investigates the perceptions of certified nurses and student nurses in Taiwan. Specifically, for these two groups, we compared perceptions of (1) how frequently English is used during the completion of various nursing tasks, (2) the importance of English language skills in nursing, and (3) motivations for learning nursing English. For this, we recruited 157 student nurses and 60 certified nurses to complete needs-analysis questionnaires. Among them, we also interviewed nine certified nurses, six student nurses, and six tertiary instructors who teach English for nursing purposes (ENP). Quantitative data analysis was conducted in the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 19.0 computer program. Specifically, one–way ANOVA was performed to determine whether there were any significant differences between the groups.
The major findings of this study are summarized as follows: 
1.For nursing professionals, English reading ability was deemed as profoundly important as well as the most frequently used skill. Listening and speaking ability ranked the second important and writing was the least used skill in clinical settings. 
2.Most of the student nurses felt that learning English medical terminology is essential for their practice, and that it is especially helpful during their nursing practicum. In contrast, for certified nurses, oral communicative skills seemed to be more important than learning medical terminology. 
3.Both student nurses and certified nurses expressed their needs to improve reading skills to be able to read English professional journal articles.
4.Both the student nurses and the certified nurses expressed their willingness to learn nursing English. 
According to the semi-structured interviews and the research findings, practical implications and suggestions for future studies are also addressed in this paper.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMNETS	i
CHINESE ABSTRACT	ii
ENGLISH ABSTRACT	iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS	iv
LIST OF TABLES	vi
LIST OF FIGURES	vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION	1
1.1 Background and Motivation of the Study	1
1.2 Statement of the Problems	4
1.3 Purposes of the Study	5
1.4 Research Questions	7
1.5 Significance of the Study	8
1.6 Definitions of Terms	8
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW	10
2.1 Overview of Nursing Education in Taiwan	10
2.2 Overview of English Education at Nursing Schools in Northern Taiwan	12
   2.2.1 English Curriculum in Junior Colleges	13
   2.2.2 English Curriculum in Universities	15
2.3 English as a Communicative Language between Health Professionals	18
2.4 Challenge Facing in Nursing Community in Taiwan	19
2.5 English for Specific Purposes (ESP)	20
2.5.1 Characteristics of ESP	21
2.5.2 Classification of ESP	23
2.5.3 Rationale behind ESP	25
2.6. Needs Analysis	26
2.6.1 Methodologies of Needs Analysis for English for Nursing Purposes	30
2.6.2 Criteria of Task	36
2.6.3 Related Studies in Needs Analysis	39
2.7. Summary of Literature Review	43
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY	45
3.1 Participants	45
3.1.1 Student Nurses with Clinical Nursing Practice Experience	45
3.1.2 Nursing Professionals Who Provide Inpatient Care	46
3.1.3 ENP Instructors from Universities of Technology and Junior Colleges	48
3.2 Research Procedures	49
3.3 Instruments	50
3.3.1 The Questionnaire	51
3.3.2 Semi-structured Interviews	55
3.4 Data Analysis Procedures	59
3.4.1 Quantitative Data Analysis	59
3.4.2 Qualitative Data Analysis	60
3.5 Summary of Research Methodology	61
CHAPTER FOUR: RESEARCH FINDINGS	63
4.1 Findings of Research Question One	64
4.2 Findings of Research Question Two	71
4.3 Findings of Research Question Three	75
4.4 Findings of Research Question Four	77
4.5 Findings of Research Question Five	78
4.6 Findings of Research Question Six	90
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION	96
5.1 Discussion of the Study	96
5.2 Analysis of Research Question One	97
5.3 Analysis of Research Question Two	99
5.4 Analysis of Research Question Three	101
5.5 Analysis of Research Question Four	102
5.6 Analysis of Research Question Five	103
5.7 Analysis of Research Question Six	104
CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION	106
6.1 Pedagogical Implications	107
6.2 Limitations of the Study	107
REFERENCES	109
APPENDICES A: Questionnaire for Certificated Nurses (Chinese Version)	120
APPENDICES B: Questionnaire for Student Nurses (Chinese Version)	127
APPENDICES C: Questionnaire for Certificated Nurses (English Version)	134
APPENDICES D: Questionnaire for Student Nurses (English Version)	140
APPENDICES E: Semi-structured Interviews Questions (Certificated Nurses)	146
APPENDICES F: Semi-structured Interviews Questions (Student Nurses)	147
APPENDICES G: Semi-structured Interviews Questions (ENP Instructors)	148

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